利用激光微束穿刺法将外源基因导入小麦的研究

用激光微束穿刺法将携带有新霉素磷酸转移酶（ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ）基因的质粒ｐＪＩＴ１０１导入京花１号小麦幼胚细胞。方法是将小麦幼胚细胞进行高渗缓冲液预处理,用微米级的激光微束处理,然后在卡那霉素培养基上筛选出具抗性的愈伤组织及绿色小植株。第一年,从１５０个小麦幼胚中,在卡那霉素培养基上筛选出４株绿苗,取两株进行ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ酶活性分析,测到了ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ酶的活性。第二年重复实验,从２４５个小麦幼胚中,经筛选获得１株绿苗,进行了叶片ＤＮＡＰＣＲ扩增检测,转化的绿色小苗扩增出所导入的ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ基因编码的片段。结果表明,外源ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ基因已导入了小麦,并实现了整合表达。     

畜禽保种－选择指数原理

根据系统保种理论有关保种和选择可以相互结合的观点,本文提出了保种－选择指数的概念、导出了适于各种资料条件和各种保种与选择目的的通用保种－选择指数公式、并探讨了该公式在几种特殊情况下的形式,为国内大量地方品种保种选育提供了必要的理论和方法。     

羊草草地枯枝落叶中N,P,K变化动态

羊草草地枯枝落叶中Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ变化动态郭继勋,祝廷成（东北师范大学国家草地生态工程实验室,长春１３００２４）ＤｙｎａｍｉｃｓｏｆＮ,ＰａｎｄＫｉｎｌｉｔｔｅｒｓｏｎＡｎｅｕｒｏｌｏｐｉｄｉｕｍｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｅｇｒａｓｓｌａｎｄ．￥ＧｕｏＪｉｘｕｎａｎｄ...     

不同种群密度羊草生态场梯度及其变化特征

通过对植物个体与种群生态场定位实验研究,提出了生态场梯度的概念,并给出了植物与羊草个体生态场梯度的模型,植物生态场的场梯度是,生态场中生态势沿任意方向的变化率。羊草个体生态场梯度同羊草种群密度相关。     

Visualization of Golgia apparatus as an intracellular calcium store by laser scanning confocal microscope

Using laser scanning confocal microscopy,we have found that the in cells loaded with fluo-3/AM,highest intracellular Ca^2 in the perinuclear region is associated with the Golgi apparatus.The spatiotemporal subcellular distribution of Ca^2 in living human fibroblasts exposing to calcium-free medium in response to agonists has been investigated.PDGF,which releases Ca^2 from intracellular stores by inositol(1,4,5)-trisphosphate pathway ,produced a biphasic transient rise in intracellular calcium.The initial rise was resulted from a direct release of calcium from the golgi apparatus.Calcium could be also released from and reaccumulated into the Golgi apparatus by the stimulation of thapsigargin,an inhibitor of the Ca^2 transport ATPase of intracellular calcium store,Permeablizing the plasma membrane by 10μM digitonin resulted in the calcium release from the Golgi apparatus and depletion of the internal calcium store.These results suggest that the Golgi apparatus plays a role in Ca^2 regulation in signal transduction.     

Physical mapping of three fruit ripening genes：Endopolygalacturonase,ACC oxidase and ACC synthase from apple（Malus x domestica） in an apple rootstock A106（Malus sieboldii

The apple rootstock,A106(Malus sieboldii),had 17 bivalents in pollen mother cells at meiotic metaphase 1,and 17 chromosomes in a haploid pollen cell.Karyotypes were prepared from root-tip cells with 2n=34 chromosomes,Seven out of 82 karyotypes(8.5%) showed one pari of satellites at the end of the short arm of chromosome 3.C-bands were shown on 6 pairs of chromosomes 2,4,6,8,14,and 16 near the telomeric regions of short arms.Probes for three ripening-related genes from Malus x domestica:endopolygalacturonase(EPG,0.6kb),ACC oxidase(1.2kb),and ACC synthase(2kb)were hybridized in situ to metaphase chromosomes of A106.Hybridization sites for the EPG gene were observed on the long arm of chromosome 14 in 15 out of 16 replicate spreads and proximal to the centromere of chromosomes 6 and 11.For the ACC oxidase gene,hylridization sites were observed in the telomeric region of the short arm of chromosomes 5 and 11 in 87% and 81% of 16 spreads respectively,proxiaml to the centromere of chromosome 1 in 81% of the spreads,and on the long arm of chromosome 13 in 50% of the spreads. Physical mapping of three fruit ripening genes in an apple rootstock A106.Twenty five spreads were studied for the ACC synthase gene and hybridization sites were observed in the telomeric region of the short arm of chromosome 12 in 96% of the spreads.chromosomes 9 and 10 in 76% of the spreads,and chromosome 17 in 56% of the spreads.     

Short Communication—The detection of nuclear matrix in most primitive presentexisting eukaryote,Giardia lamblia

The nuclear matrix of diplomonad Giardia lamblia was detected for the first time with DGD embedmentsectioning-embedment free electron microscopy after a series of specific extractions.The result showed that archaezoa Giardia Lamblia already possessed nuclear matrix within its two nuclei.The finest fibrils of the nuclear matrix of Giardia lamblia were measured to be about 11 to 13 nm in thickness.However,the nuclear lamina and nucleolus have never been observed.These results seem to suggest that nuclear matrix is an indispensable intranuclear structural component even in the primitive nucleus.     

Affinity chromatography—dependent selection （ACDS） of genomic DNA fragments bound specifically to bacterial synthesized Myc／Myn proteins

This paper describes an approach to seek for mouse c-Myc/Myn proteins-bound specific sequences among genomic DNA.cDNA fragment of myn gene was obtained through RT-PCR technique from RNA of NIH3T3 cells.DNA fragments encoding BR/HLH/LZ structure of Myc and Myn proteins were cloned in frame into pGEX-2T vector respectively.Fusion GST-Myc and GST-Myn synthesized in E.coli hosts showed affinity to CACGTG E-box DNA and subsequently interacted with genomic fragments prepared through whole-genome-PCR.A PCR-assisted procedure which combines protein-DNA interaction and affinity chromatography was designed to enrich Myc/Myn bound DNA.At least two genomic DNA fragments obtained exhibit specifical binding capacity to Myc/Myn complex but not to GST alone.Significance of the work and of the technique itself as well asidentification of the DNAs are discussed.     

人凝血因子Ⅷ遗传工程研究进展

早在一千七百多年前,人们就认识到甲型血友病是一种出血性絮乱。直到1937年才证实FⅧ在血友病发病中起关键作用。然而有关FⅧ的详细生化特征和结构特征在最近的10年才搞清楚。 治疗甲型血友病主要采取多次输入从人血浆中浓缩的FⅧ。虽然这种替代治疗能有效地控制阵发性出血,但还存在如下严重问题。首先,患者有感染病毒性疾病如病毒性肝炎和艾滋病的危险。通过增加灭活病毒步骤以及运用单克隆抗体进一步纯化FⅧ已显著降低了患者感染病毒的危险。然而这一制备FⅧ的过程却提高了成本,从而使治疗费用大为增加。其次,由于血浆FⅧ存在时间的限制,患者需要经常地预防性治疗。这种治疗法能导致关节慢性出血,组织损伤。此外,频繁地静脉输入FⅧ,还会引起诸如寻找外