RAMARIA SUBGENERA RAMARIA AND LAETICOLORA IN YUNNAN

Three taxa of Ramaria subgenus Ramaria, and 18 of subg. Laeticolora are reported from Yunnan Province. Of these 13 are considered new to science. Only one taxon (R. formosa) is considered of widespread distribution, the others being known olay from the Indo-Asian subcontinent. Wide distribution patterns, based on phenetic similarity, seem to be at the infraspecific to species complex level, but only rarely contaxie. New taxa are as follows: subg. Ramaria: R. eryuanensis; subg. Laeticolora: R. brunneipes, R. distinctissima, R. ephemeroderma, R. hilaris, R. lacviformosoides, R. linearioides, R. linearis, R. nanispora, R. rubri-attenuipcs, R. sino-conjunctipes, R. rubricarnata var. laeta, R. botrytoides var. microspora, and R. neoformosa var. sinensis. Keys to Yunnan taxa of Ramaria subgenera Ramarla and Laeticolora are furnished.     

在双脉冲光刺激下瞳孔系统的采样控制特性

本文用实验揭示了瞳孔对光动态反应具有采样控制特性。实验中采用各种不同时间间隔的双脉冲光,以开环的方式(Maxwellian View)刺激瞳孔,当双脉冲之间间隔较长时,瞳孔反应相当于对双脉冲光的两次脉冲分别产生瞬态收缩;当双脉冲时间间隔短于0.6s 时,其反应就成了一次瞬态收缩,与单个光脉冲所引起的瞳孔反应一样。同—受试者的多次实验结果相同,不同受试者所得结果也基本一致。故瞳孔对脉冲刺激光引起反应后,必须至少约隔0.6s 才能对另一次脉冲光产生反应,这就说明了瞳孔动态反应具有离散的采样控制特性。实验还进一步证明,瞳孔系统的控制机制是双重模式的控制:不同的刺激条件下,瞳孔反应可呈现为瞬态反应(AC)或持续反应(DC),瞬态反应的 AC 通道为离散的采样控制,持续反应的 DC 通道为连续控制。     

哺乳动物松果腺:其生物合成能力和生理意义

哺乳动物松果腺是视觉系统的一个退化器官。主要的明-暗周期与松果腺褪黑素生成的昼夜波动同步。明-暗周期的信息通过中枢和外周交感神经的一系列复杂神经元从眼传递到松果腺。在松果腺内,神经信号以褪黑素合成和释放在夜间升高为标志的内分泌信号表现出来。褪黑素是一种高活力的激素,它在调制光照周期对各种哺乳动物的季节性生殖中起着重要作用。褪黑素除影响生殖外,在机体内作用广泛。     

A PLIOCENE SPECIES OF VULPES FROM YUSHE,SHANXI

<正> The Yushe County in Shanxi Province is one of the most famous "dragon bone" localities in China. Teilhard de Chardin's monographs on the fossil mammals from Yushe made it well known internationally as well. However, the work so far done there is far from completion, especially when compared with the recent achievements in stratigraphic work on late Cenozoic     

烟草抗黑胫病突变体的细胞筛选

经实验我们成功地建立了在细胞水平上筛选烟草抗黑胫病突变体的筛选体系。该体系的主要内容为:γ-射线500—2000拉德诱变高度感病品种的花药后用50—80％的黑胫病菌粗毒素为选择压力,筛选出抗毒素花粉植株,用离体叶片法测定选出抗病植株,再从后代鉴定中选出抗病性能够稳定遗传的突变系。γ-射线及高浓度毒素处理均能得到抗病植株。选自感病品种的花粉植株中约有9—50％是真正抗病的。这些抗病植株中有一部分的抗病性能够稳定遗传。用该法已从感病优质品种小黄金1025及乔庄黑苗中选出6个突变系。并自N.C.628(抗)×小黄金1025(感)及N.C.628(抗)×庆胜2号(感)的F_1花粉植株中选出4个抗病系。所有的抗病系经3—4代后均表现出稳定抗性。其中一个突变体(R400)的抗性似由不完全显性多基因控制。     

An extract from Prospects and Risks of Gene Technology: The Report of the Enquete Commission to the Bundestag of the Federal Republic of Germany

We are pleased to publish an English translation of the crucial section on germ line gene therapy from the Report of the German Enquete Commission. This section of the Report raises basic ethical questions concerning embryo research, as well as more specific questions relating to germ line gene therapy. This form of gene therapy involves genetic modification of the germ cells. Such a modification would be passed on to any descendents of the person whose genes had been altered. The Report had previously dealt with somatic gene therapy, which does not affect the germ line and hence is not passed on to descendents.     

采收时花序的发育程度对唐菖蒲切花的影响

采收时花序上花蕾发育程度越低,切花含糖量越低,瓶插时切花体内的糖消耗量越少,切花瓶插观赏品质越差。小花由绿蕾至盛开需吸收高于自身含糖量数倍的糖分。即使是开放期采收的切花,其自身含糖量也不能充分满足花序上花蕾继续生长发育的需要。     

应用抗保幼激素活性物质“抗11”调控家蚕生长发育的研究初报

本文报道应用抗保幼激素生理活性物质“抗11”调控家蚕生长发育的初步试验结果。从3龄饷食开始,连续添食300～500ppm药液48小时;或以400～500ppm的药液浓度给4龄起蚕连续添食48小时,3眠蚕诱发率可达100％。3龄或4龄添食,当龄历期延长,但全龄历期均比对照区缩短,如4龄添食区缩短近5日,所诱发的3眠蚕能结茧、化蛹、羽化、交配、产卵,所结的茧小,量低,纤度变细。     

用改良的杆状病毒载体在家蚕中进行人α-干扰素基因的高水平表达

基因工程的目的之一是增加在细胞中所需的基因产物的表达量。首先用大量生产的宿主有大肠杆菌和一些其他的细菌。但是当细菌作为宿主时存在着几个问题,例如多肽糖基化缺陷、寄主蛋白酶造成的产物降解及缺乏分泌等。采用哺乳类动物细胞可排除上述问题,但要大量生产,仍然存在着许多与培养系统的复杂性及效率有关的问题。