理解运动行为抑制调控的新视角：乙酰胆碱门控氯离子通道受体

Acetylcholine, the first identified neurotransmitter, plays crucial roles in various brain functions. One well-known case is its involvement as an activating neurotransmitter in the regulation of locomotion. However, its inhibitory regulatory role, particularly in locomotion, remains poorly understood. In a study conducted by Polat et al., the authors investigated the inhibitory role of acetylcholine in locomotion in C. elegans. In this organism, the acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptor consists of four subunits. The authors thoroughly examined the loss-of-function of each subunit in movement regulation. Interestingly, the mutant worms were still capable of performing various movements such as forward, backward crawling, and turning, suggesting that the overall movement was not significantly affected. However, quantitative behavior analysis revealed subtle yet significant differences in the timing and postures of the movement in these mutants. Furthermore, the authors employed optogenetics to stimulate a specific neuron involved in backward crawling and demonstrated that the loss-of-function of the receptors in individual neurons affects the transitioning between locomotion modes. This work provides evidence for the inhibitory regulatory role of acetylcholine in locomotion. The loss-of-function of acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptors likely disrupts the balance of neuronal and circuit physiology, thereby affecting the regulation of locomotion. Moreover, this study highlights the powerful role of quantitative behavior analysis in discovering and understanding more sophisticated functions of neural circuits.     

架子山的“镇山神”

屋后,就是一座主峰不过百米高的小山,原名铁山,只因在山顶安装了供飞机导航的架子,故又叫架子山,别小看这座小山,却颇有几分传奇色彩。记得刚搬到这座山下住的时候,架子山是块非常肥沃的地方,长满了郁郁葱葱的植物,各种蕨类、藤类、木本、草本,应有尽有。林海里生活着各种各样动物,天上飞的、山上跑的、地上爬的,不计其数。据看山老人讲,解放后山里曾出现过老虎的行踪呢。蛇,自然也是架子山不可缺少的成员,有毒的,无毒的,各自生活在不同的领域,寻食它们喜爱的食物,维持着架子山的自然生态平衡。那时,上山砍柴的人们,最忌恨蛇了,经常打死挡道的、比现在所见的又大又长的蛇。记得小时曾斗胆一回,为清除路障,从山路旁拖     

Frankia菌种保藏

对用4种方法保藏的Frankia菌,进行了培养物存活、形态及其固氮活性的检测.发现在无氮液体培养基中保藏6年的Frankia.菌丝断裂,孢囊不完整.同期经有氮液体保藏的Frankia菌孢囊较完整.冷冻干燥保藏3.5年和砂管保藏8年,孢囊和菌丝均较完整.上述方法保藏的菌种,经活化后均能生长,且具有典型的Frankia菌形态特征和固氮活性.4种方法比较,无氮液体保藏法的菌体细胞生长速度快,固氮活性强,有侵染结瘤能力.     

新疆血革螨属一新种（蜱螨亚纲：血革螨科）

本文报道血革螨属一新种,命名为狭背血革螨,新种Ｈａｅｍｏｇａｍａｓｕｓａｎｇｕｓｔｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．采自新疆乌苏,寄主为野兔。     

慢性缺氧大鼠心肌肌浆网功能及其钙泵基因表达的动态变化

将实验大鼠放置模拟５０００ｍ海拔高度低压舱内１、２和４周。结果表明：与对照组比较,１,２和４周组动物的心肌重量分别增加１５％,１８％和５７％;心肌ＳＲＣａ２＋摄取分别降低３３％,３８％和５３％;心肌ＳＲＣａ２＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性分别降低５４％,６０％和７４％;钙泵ｍＲＮＡ含量（基因表达分别降低１４％,４６％和６８％。这些结果提示,缺氧导致的ＳＲ钙泵功能降低可能是心肌功能受损的重要生化基础之一,而钙泵数目减少可能是钙泵功能降低的分子生物学机制。     

洋桔梗F1无菌播种和试管苗的快速繁殖

洋桔梗Ｆ１种子在１／２ＭＳ培养基中发芽,其种子苗的茎尖和带叶茎段,在含０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ,０．０３ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ的３／４培养基中,可连续进行继代培养,增殖大量从生苗,无根苗扦插在珍珠岩基质中约２０天发根,成活率达９５％。     

泉州植物区系的特征与保护

泉州植物区系种类丰富,起源古老,子遗植物和单种的科,属植物较多,特有现象明显,植物区系地理成分以热带,亚热带分布的科,属占优势,对泉州的资源植物必须加以保护和合理开发利用。     

北方稻田生态系统研究Ⅱ．稻萍结合系统细绿萍共生固N量研究

对稻萍结合系统细绿萍共生固Ｎ量研究表明,萍的固Ｎ力在整个生长季不同时期有所变化．最高固Ｎ率出现在６月初,萍固Ｎ量随其接种量和水稻行距增加而增加．５０～１０ｃｍ宽窄行交替的水稻行距和１５００ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２的萍接种量的稻萍结合系统的总固Ｎ量为１０７．１ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２,而３０ｃｍ等行距的３２５ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２的萍接种量的稻－萍结合系统的总固Ｎ量仅为３６．０ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２     

中药前胡核磁共振氢谱法鉴定

使用＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ法对１９种前胡乙醚提取物进行了测试和解析,其中９种前胡的化学成分未见报道。根据主要化学成分香豆素的类型,将含角型二氢吡喃香豆素的１０种前胡归入白花前胡类;含线型二氢吡喃香豆素或线型二氢呋喃香豆素的８种前胡归秋紫花前胡类。研究结果表明,＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ法是鉴别中药前胡的快速、简便而可靠的检测方法。