ON SOME NEW OSTRACODS FROM KWANGSI

IntroductionThe materials which form the subject of the present paper were collectedfrom the following formations and localities:(1)The Middle Devonian Yukiangformation of Yungchun district and(2)The Devonian lenticular limestone ofLingchuan district of Kwangsi.The ostracods of the second locality are preservedas internal moulds and therefore are far from being complete.     

植物钙/钙调素介导的信号转导系统

钙离子(Ca²⁺)是一种重要的第二信使, 参与调节植物的生长发育和对环境的适应。钙调素(CaM)和类钙调蛋白(CML)是一类最主要的Ca²⁺感受器, 虽然其自身没有催化活性, 但可通过调节下游靶蛋白的活性, 进而调控细胞的各种生理活动。该文总结了植物体内CaM结合蛋白(CBP)的生理功能、鉴定方法和调控机理, 以及CaM介导的信号转导途径, 包括蛋白磷酸化与去磷酸化、基因转录、离子运输、活性氧代谢、激素和磷脂信号等, 并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

Female mate choice and the potential for ornament evolution in túngara frogs Physalaemus pustulosus

The potential for ornament evolution in response to sexual selection rests on the interaction between the permissive-ness or selectivity of female preferences and the constraints on male development of signaling related traits. We investigate the former by determining how latent female preferences either exaggerate the magnitude of current traits (I.e. Elaborations) or favor novel traits (I.e. Innovations). In tungara frogs, females prefer complex mating calls (whine-chucks) to simple calls (whine only). The whine is critical for mate recognition while the chuck further enhances the attractiveness of the call. Here we use a combina-tion of synthetic and natural stimuli to examine latent female preferences. Our results show that a diversity of stimuli, including conspecific and heterospecific calls as well as predator-produced and human-made sounds, increase the attractiveness of a call when added to a whine. These stimuli do not make simple calls more attractive than a whine-chuck, however. In rare cases we found stimuli that added to the whine decrease the attractiveness of the call. Overall, females show strong preferences for both elaborations and innovations of the chuck. We argue that the emancipation of these acoustic adornments from mate recognition allows such female permissiveness, and that male constraints on signal evolution are probably more important in explaining why males evolved their specific adornment. Experimentally probing latent female preferences for stimuli out of the species' range is a useful means to gain insights about the potential of female choice to influence signal evolution and thus the astounding diversity in male sexually-selected traits.     

A New Approach to Natural Products Discovery Exemplified by the Identification of Sulfated Nucleosides in Spider Venom

A New Approach to Natural Products Discovery Exemplified by the Identification of Sulfated Nucleosides in Spider Venom@Andrew E. Taggi$Contribution from The Cornell Institute for Research in Chemical Ecology and The Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory,Cornell UniVersity, Ithaca, New York 14853 @Jerrold Meinwald$Contribution from The Cornell Institute for Research in Chemical Ecology and The Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Lab…     

Telomeres:Linking stress and survival,ecology and evolution

Telomeres are protective structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. The loss of telomeres through cell division and oxidative stress is related to cellular aging, organismal growth and disease. In this way, telomeres link molecular and cellular mechanisms with organismal processes, and may explain variation in a number of important life-history traits. Here, we discuss how telomere biology relates to the study of physiological ecology and life history evolution. We emphasize current knowledge on how ...     

钝顶螺旋藻形态、生长及光合作用对不同波段太阳辐射的响应

为探讨中不同波段的光合有效辐射对钝顶螺旋藻(Arthrospira platensis)形态、生长及光合作用的影响,实验将钝顶螺旋藻D-0083藻液转入带塞的石英管中, 石英管水平置于阳光下并在其上覆盖不同的截止型和带通型滤光片, 以使藻丝接受不同波段的太阳辐射; 并检测其生长、形态与光合活动的变化。结果发现: 所有波段 (320500、395700、510700和610700 nm) 光合有效辐射下的藻丝均螺旋变紧且生物量增加。其中以包含少量紫外辐射A (Ultraviolet-A)的蓝光波段 (320500 nm)和红光波段(600700 nm) 对藻丝形态变化、生长及光合速率的诱发效率较高。在320500、395700、510700和 610700 nm波段上的单位能量光照引起钝顶螺旋藻螺距变化的效率分别为0.070、0.015、0.021、0.045 m/(Wm2)。 波段320500 nm虽然会轻微抑制钝顶螺旋藻D-0083的有效光化学效率(Fv'/Fm')、电子传递速率(ETR)和藻蓝蛋白的荧光发射, 但是却能够有效诱导其藻丝变紧促进生长。此外, 钝顶螺旋藻D-0083的藻丝变紧程度、比生长速率变化与不同波段太阳辐射下藻丝体的光合性能相一致。该研究表明任何波段的光合有效辐射都能使螺旋藻藻丝螺旋变紧并引发生长和光合作用, 其中以蓝光和红光的效率最高。     

In vitro Anti-viral Activity of the Total Alkaloids from Tripterygium hypoglaucum against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a commonly occurring human pathogen worldwide. There is an urgent need to discover and develop new alternative agents for the management of HSV-1 infection. Tripterygium hypoglaucum (level) Hutch (Celastraceae) is a traditional Chinese medicine plant with many pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammation, anti-tumor and antifertility. The usual medicinal part is the roots which contain about a 1% yield of alkaloids. A crude total alkaloids extract was prepared ...     

金缕梅科银缕梅属与帕罗堤属的亲缘关系——核糖体DNA ITS序列证据

本文对金缕梅科弗特吉族(Molinadendron和Matudaea除外)的细胞核核糖体DNA ITS片段进行了序列分析,在此基础上对该族的演化关系、尤其是中国特有属银缕梅属的系统位置进行了最简约分支分析。基本结果如下：其一,蚊母族和狭义的弗特吉族均不形成自己的单系分支,因此,支持Endress的处理,即合并两族为广义的弗特吉族;其二,银缕梅属同帕罗堤属有着密切的亲缘关系,支持形态学和解剖学结论;其三,根据该片段核苷酸序列的演化速率推算出的银缕梅属和帕罗堤属间分化时间为晚中新世。此结论大致与化石记录相符。     

怀地黄脱毒种苗大田生长性状及产量品质

为研究怀地黄(Rehmannia glutinosa)脱毒种苗大田生长、产量和品质状况,对大田中不同时期脱毒苗和非脱毒苗的形态指标、生理特性、光合特性、产量及品质等进行了测定。结果表明,脱毒苗的株高、冠幅、叶片数、最大叶面积、功能叶片的光合色素含量和净光合速率等各项指标均优于非脱毒苗,块根产量提高、品质改善,增产幅度在77.35%以上,药用成分梓醇含量提高了32.90%。