广州地区106例汉族人群MICA和MICB微卫星基因座 单体型研究 The Study on the Haplotype of MICA and MICB Microsatellite Locus In Guangzhou Han Population

利用聚合酶链反应和荧光（6－FAM）自动化检测技术对广东地区汉族106例无亲缘关系样本进行MICA基因外显子5和MICB基因内含子1微卫星基因座多态性及其单体型分布调查。根据群体资料估算两者间的单体型频率、连锁不平衡参数、相对连锁不平衡参数。结果显示，广州地区汉族人群MICA和MICB微卫星基因座基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡法则，共检出MICA微卫星基因座 5个等位基因， MICB微卫星基因座14个等位基因。其中MICA A5基因频率最高（0.2877），A4基因频率最低（0.1321）。MICB CA14等位基因频率最高（0.3255），CA19、CA28等位基因频率最低（0.0047），未检出CA27。21种MICA－MICB单体型频率大于1%(连锁不平衡参数>0), 其中单体型A5－CA14 (16.73%), A5.1－CA18 (8.75%), A4－CA26(3.76%)，A9－CA15(3.66%)和A6－CA21(2.61%)为强连锁常见单体型（χ2>3.84, P<0.05）。广州地区汉族人群MICA和MICB微卫星基因座多态性和单体型分布有其自身特点，MICA和MICB微卫星基因座适合做为遗传标志，用于人类学、遗传疾病基因连锁分析、法医学亲子鉴定和个体识别等研究领域。Abstract: This study is to investigate genetic polymorphisms and haplotypes of microsatellite locus in the exon 5 of the MICA gene and intron 1 of the MICB gene based on 106 samples of Guangzhou Han Population by polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent technique (6-FAM). The corresponding haplotype frequencies, linkage disequilibria values and relative linkage disequilibria values were estimated based on population data. The results show that the genotype distributions of MICA and MICB microsatellite meet Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in Guangdong Han population. In total, 5 alleles of MICA microsatellite locus and 14 alleles of MICB microsatellite locus were observed. MICA A5 was the most common allele (0.2877), whereas A4 was the least popular one (0.1321). MICB CA14 was the most common allele (0.3255), and CA19 and CA28 were the least popular ones (0.0047). CA27 was not observed. Twenty-one kinds of MICA-MICB haplotypes occurred at frequencies of more than 1% (linkage disequilibria value>0). The common MICA-MICB haplotypes were A5-CA14（16.73％）, A5.1- CA18 (8.75%), A4- CA26(3.76%)，A9-CA15(3.66%) and A6-CA21(2.61%)（χ2>3.84, P<0.05）, and they were strong linkage disequilibria. The polymorphisms and haplotypes distributions of MICA and MICB microsatellite locus in Guangzhou Han population have their own genetic characteristics. The microsatellite locus of the exon5 of the MICA gene and intron 1 of the MICB gene could be used as the genetic markers in the studies of anthropology, linkage analysis of genetic disease genes, individual identification and paternity test in forensic medicine.     

Tyroserleutide tripeptide affects calcium homeostasis of human hepatocarcinoma BEL-7402 cells

Copyright by Science in China Press 2005 Primary hepatocarcinoma is one of the most fre-quent digestive-tract cancers, particularly in China. The incidence and death rate of primary hepatocarci-noma in China is the highest in the world, with about 1100 thousands people dying from primary hepatocar-cinoma per year[1]. Although the chemotherapeutic agents are the main therapeutic approach for hepato- carcinoma, they are relatively ineffective and result in many toxic and side effects. Accordin…     

Herbaspirillum seropedicae rfbB and rfbC genes are required for maize colonization

In this study we disrupted two Herbaspirillum seropedicae genes, rfbB and rfbC, responsible for rhamnose biosynthesis and its incoporation into LPS. GC-MS analysis of the H. seropedicae wild-type strain LPS oligosaccharide chain showed that rhamnose, glucose and N-acetyl glucosamine are the predominant monosaccharides, whereas rhamnose and N-acetyl glucosamine were not found in the rfbB and rfbC strains. The electrophoretic pattern of the mutants LPS was drastically altered when compared with the wild type. Knockout of rfbB or rfbC increased the sensitivity towards SDS, polymyxin B sulfate and salicylic acid. The mutants attachment capacity to maize root surface plantlets was 100-fold lower than the wild type. Interestingly, the wild-type capacity to attach to maize roots was reduced to a level similar to that of the mutants when the assay was performed in the presence of isolated wild-type LPS, glucosamine or N-acetyl glucosamine. The mutant strains were also significantly less efficient in endophytic colonization of maize. Expression analysis indicated that the rfbB gene is upregulated by naringenin, apigenin and CaCl(2). Together, the results suggest that intact LPS is required for H. seropedicae attachment to maize root and internal colonization of plant tissues.     

转基因稻及其非转基因亲本对照在间隔种植条件下的转基因漂移

随着转基因技术的迅速发展, 越来越多的转基因作物被培育出来。转基因作物的外源转基因通过花粉传播向非转基因作物的漂移, 会影响非转基因作物品种的种子纯度, 从而可能导致一系列生物安全问题。为了研究转基因栽培水稻(Oryza sativa)中的外源转基因通过花粉介导向非转基因水稻品种逃逸的可能性及其频率, 我们选用3个含双价抗虫基因(Bt/CpTI)的转基因水稻品系及其相对应的非转基因水稻亲本品种(近等基因系)进行了转基因漂移的实验。为了获取在近距离状况下转基因水稻与非转基因水稻品种之间的转基因漂移频率, 采用了转基因与非转基因水稻品种间隔种植的栽培方式, 分别在福建省福州市和海南省三亚市的转基因环境安全实验地进行实验, 并利用潮霉素抗性筛选标记基因来鉴定转基因和非转基因稻的杂种。共检测了从非转基因水稻品种随机收获的70,056颗种子, 以此计算转基因漂移频率。结果表明, 在相邻种植的情况下, 由这3个转基因水稻向对应的非转基因水稻品种的转基因漂移的频率比较低(0.275–0.832％)。如此近距离条件下获得的低转基因漂移频率表明, 对于严格自花授粉的水稻而言, 通过一定的隔离措施, 能有效地降低由花粉介导的转基因漂移导致的非转基因种子混杂。     

Advances in the reintroduction of rare and endangered wild plant species

Human disturbance and climate change have increased the risk of extinction for rare and endangered wild plant species.One effective way to conserve these rare and endangered species is through reintroduction.In this review,we summarize the advances in wild plant reintroduction from five perspectives:the establishment of reintroduction biology as an important tool for biodiversity conservation;the importance of genetic diversity in reintroduction;reintroduction under global climate change;recruitment limitation in reintroduction;and reintroduction and ecological restoration.In addition,we consider the future of plant reintroduction strategies.     

The β-alanyl-monoamine synthase ebony is regulated by schizophrenia susceptibility gene dysbindin in Drosophila

The Drosophila homolog of schizophrenia susceptibility gene dysbindin(Ddysb)affects a range of behaviors through regulation of multiple neurotransmitter signals,including dopamine activity.To gain insights into mechanisms underlying Ddysb-dependent regulation of dopamine signal,we investigated interaction between Ddysb and Ebony,the Drosophilaβ-alanyl-monoamine synthase involved in dopamine recycling.We found that Ddysb was capable of regulating expression of Ebony in a bi-directional manner and its subcellular distribution.Such regulation is confined to glial cells.The expression level of ebony and its accumulation in glial soma depend positively on Ddysb activity,whereas its distribution in glial processes is bound to be reduced in response to any alterations of Ddysb from the normal control level,either an increase or decrease.An optimal binding ratio between Dysb and Ebony might contribute to such non-linear effects.Thus,Ddysb-dependent regulation of Ebony could be one of the mechanisms that mediate dopamine signal.     

利用ISSR标记研究野大豆居群内遗传变异及其取样策略

为了有效地保护野大豆(Glycine soja Sieb.et Zucc.)并制定合理的居群取样策略,对上海江湾机场的一个人然野大豆居群进行了 100个单株(个体)的随机取样,并用ISSR分子标记对其进行了遗传多样性分析.利用筛选出的15条ISSR引物在这个居群中检测到较高的遗传变异,样本内个体间的相似系数变化在0.17～0.89之间.居群内平均每个位点的平均预期杂合度(He)为0.171 4,香农指数(I)为0.271 4.PCA分析显示,江湾野大豆居群内的遗传变异不是呈均匀分布,而是呈从状分布.该野大豆居群遗传多样性和样本内个体数量间的相关性分析显示:在个体数少于40的情况下,遗传多样性随个体数的增加而迅速增加;当样本中的个体数大于40时,遗传多样性的增加减慢并很快趋于饱和.研究表明:对野大豆居群进行异地保护时,对各居群的采样植株数不应当低于35～45;在居群内采样时,所采集的个体之间最好相隔一定的空间距离.     

染色体组分析及小麦族的系统学

小麦族(Triticeae)是禾本科植物中与人类关系最为密切的一大类群,该族约有325个种,广布于世界各地。小麦族中包含着重要的粮食作物小麦(Triticum aestivum)、大麦(Hordeum vulgare)和黑麦(Secale cereale)以及一些具有重要经济价值的牧草,如:老兰麦(Elymus Sibiricus)、冰草(Agropyron cristatum)和赖草(Leymus chinensis)等等。     

小鼠胚胎核移植实验的初步报告

Abstract:Oocytes recovered from Fallopian tubes of female mice of Kun-Ming-Bai strain were enucleated by microsurgery and a single blastomere aspirated from 2-cell stage embryo derived from C57 was injected into the perivitelline space of earh enucleated oocyte.Then those coupled cells were exposed to PEG solution and cultured in an atmosphere of 5% Co2 at 37℃ for four hours.After that,couples which had been fused to one cell were transferred to the oviducts of pseudopregnant foster mothers.Six offsprings were obtained from this transplantation. Key words:Mouse,Embryo,Nuclear transplantation     

披碱草X球茎大麦属间杂种的减数分裂研究

对于ＥｌｙｍｕｓｔｓｕｋｕｓｈｉｅｎｓｉｓＨｏｎｄａ（２ｎ＝６ｘ＝４２,ＳＳＨＨＹＹ）和ＨｏｒｄｅｕｍｂｕｌｂｏｓｕｍＬ．（２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８,ＩＩＩＩ）属间杂种的体细胞有丝分裂和花粉母细胞（ＰＣＭ）减数分裂进行了分析和研究。结果表明：（１）该属间杂种的根尖体细胞染色体数目稳定（２ｎ＝５ｘ＝３５）,但其ＰＭＣ的染色体数日却有较大的变异（２ｎ＝２２～２ｎ＝４ｎ）,即在该属间杂种的一些ＰＭＣ中产生了部分染色体嵉亩Щ蛑馗矗唬ǎ玻└檬艏湓又郑玻睿剑担剑常担校停玫娜旧迮涠允艿停砻鳎牛簦螅酰耄酰螅瑁椋澹睿螅椋笥耄龋猓酰欤猓铮螅酰淼娜旧遄橹涞牟糠滞葱院艿停唬ǎ常龋猓酰欤猓铮螅酰淼耐慈旧遄椋á颍┑呐涠孕形谠又种忻飨允艿揭种疲唬ǎ矗┰谀承┤旧灞欢Я说模校停弥校淙旧遄榕涠允飨栽黾樱饪赡苡胩囟ㄈ旧宓亩в泄兀欢У哪程跞旧骞憧赡苄乓种茘染色体配对的因子Ｅｌｙｍｕｓｔｓｕｋｕｓｈｉｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｈｏｒｄｅｕｍ,属间杂种,减数分裂,染色体配对控制