桂西北典型喀斯特区生态服务价值的环境响应及其空间尺度特征

Study on ecosystem service values (ESVs) is the bridge of understanding ecosystem and economic decision-making. To investigate the response of ESVs to ambient environment and their spatial scales is an urgent work in the process of ecological restoration and sustainable development in southwest China. Based on the previous research results, the remote images, and weather data of 31 years (1975-2005), the response of ESVs to ambient environment and their spatial scales in a typical karst area of northwest Guangxi, China were evaluated with the method of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) in this paper. The results showed that ESVs had obvious variations with changes in elevation, rocky types and soil types, and had corresponding characteristics of spatial scales. The ESVs in middle and low elevation areas were higher, but they decreased due to human activities such as deforestation. The ESVs in peak-cluster depression areas were lower, and they would increase as influenced by policies such as returning farmland to forestland. The ESVs were influenced by rocky types, showing lower values but an increasing trend in the typical karst regions while higher values but a decreasing trend in non-karst regions. The average ESVs in the west part of the study region, which is not only the main nature reserve for rare wildlife species in Guangxi, but also one of the best preserved natural vegetation regions in China, were more than 15,000 RMB Yuan ha-1,. Comparatively, the ESVs were less than 10,000 Yuan ha-1 in the middle part of the region attributed to low vegetation coverage, serious peak-cluster depression and karst rocky desertification. After about 20 years, that is from 1985 to 2005, the ecosystem conditions had been improved and the ESVs had increased in the middle and eastern part of this study region. On the contrary, in most western part, which was dominated by subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, they had been worsened, and the balance values of ESVs were negative. As for the relationships of ESVs with rocky types and soil types, lime soil and red soil were the two main soil types that contributed to ESVs (The total contribution was above 60%, and it is 63.77%,64.37%,64.56%,64.91% respectively in the four years of 1985, 1990, 2000 and 2005.). The variance contribution of intrinsic mode function (IMF) and trend (R) showed that there were obvious special sales for ESVs in this study area, and the main spatial scales were about 2.7 km, 5.5 km, and 11.6 km. The variance contribution ratio was 12.29%, 11.26%, 11.49% respectively, and the trend (R) was high (17.74%). In conclusion, this study indicated that ecosystem conditions in the typical karst area were improved owing to the application of rocky desertification control policies, such as ecological migration and returning farmland to forestland. Besides, the main spatial scales of ESVs in the study area were the interactions of terrain, physiognomy, land use / land cover and human activities.     

白念珠菌芽管致病性的研究进展

白念珠菌有酵母相及菌丝相两种形态,而在形态转变早期阶段可形成芽管,是该菌由定植菌向致病菌转变的标志。体内外很多因素可影响芽管的形成,对其表面特异抗原的检测仍然是一难题,芽管相关致病基因、蛋白以及致病机制等目前成为研究热点,本文就上述内容作一简单概述。     

鸡减蛋综合征病毒(EDSV)基因组右末端结构的分析

从中国发病鸡中分离的鸡减蛋综合征病毒（ＥｇｇＤｒｏｐＳｙｎｄｒｏｍＶｉｒｕｓ,ＥＤＳＶ）弱毒株（ＡＡ－２）,其基因组全长约为３３ｋｂ。用限制性内切酶ＨｉｎｄⅢ水解ＥＤＳＶ全基因组,构建了以ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔⅡ（ＫＳ＋）为载体的右末端片段的克隆（约４．２ｋｂ）,对其进行了序列测定和结构分析。该片段全长４１８３个碱基对（ｂｐ）,位于基因组右末端８７．３ｍ．ｕ．－１００ｍ．ｕ．。结果显示,该片段与哺乳动物腺病毒右末端Ｅ４区结构不同,与禽Ⅰ型腺病毒代表株ＣＥＬＯ右末端片段亦无同源性。本文为深入了解ＥＤＳＶ基因组结构特点,ＥＤＳＶ与其他腺病毒基因结构与功能的进化关系和ＥＤＳＶ载体的构建奠定了分子生物学基础     

花卉根部植物线虫调查

从龙岩市２４种常见花卉根际土壤中鉴定出滑刃线虫属,真滑刃线虫属,螺旋线虫属,拟鞘线虫属,根结线虫属,针线虫属,盘旋线虫属,矮化线虫属,垫刃线虫属和剑线虫属共１０属植物寄生线虫,调查结果表明,木本花卉和多年生草本花卉根部线虫群体结构比较复杂,虫口密度较高。     

藻类批量培养中的比增长率最大值

批量培养谷皮菱形藻、莱茵衣藻、粉核小球藻、斜生栅藻、羊角月牙藻和铜绿微囊藻等六种藻类,在对数生长期,逐日计数而确定比增长率最大值（μｍａｒ）,发现（μｍａｒ）值出现的时间在各种藻类中不同。同时讨论了每种藻类的（μｍａｒ）与营养物质、光强、温度和起始浓度之间的关系。铜绿微囊藻的（μｍａｒ）在一定的总磷（ＴＰ）浓度范围内随ＴＰ浓度呈上升趋势。根据获得增大率最大值的条件,对它们在浮游植物群落中的生态位作     

葡萄糖浓度对转人肿瘤坏死因子-α鱼腥藻IB02培养过程的影响

目的：通过在培养基中添加葡萄糖的方法,提高转基因鱼腥藻的产量和人肿瘤坏死因子（hTNF）-α的表达率。方法：在葡萄糖浓度为0～300mmol／L的范围内,进行了转hTNF-α鱼腥藻IB02的摇瓶混合营养培养,用比浊法和酶联免疫法测定转基因鱼腥藻的生长和hTNF-α的表达。结果：添加葡萄糖的藻液最高生长密度是未添加葡萄糖的3．5倍,且hTNFa的表达率也提高至4倍。结论：在各种葡萄糖浓度下,葡萄糖的利用都不明显。     

醋酸棉酚对体外子宫颈癌细胞的作用

大量的研究表明,醋酸棉酚具有抑制精子形成的作用。已被公认是一种有前途的男用节育药。然而,棉酚的多种生物学活性必然使其理论研究及实际应用的范围更加扩大。其实,早在60年代已有人研究棉酚对移植性动物肿瘤的作用,或者把它与手术结合应用于膀胱肿瘤的治疗。国内也有把棉酚试用于多种人体恶性肿瘤治疗的记载,并认为     

松杉暗孔菌发酵液的化学成分研究

采用硅胶、RP-18、Sephadex LH-20等多种材料进行分离纯化,通过理化方法和波谱分析进行结构鉴定,从松杉暗孔菌(Phaeolus schweinitzii)发酵液的乙酸乙酯提取部位分离并鉴定了11个化合物,它们分别为:(6Z)-5-hydroxy-6-dodecene-2,10-dione(1)、2,2-二甲基-1-苯并吡喃-6-醇(2)、亚油酸(3)、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(4)、麦角甾-5,7,22-三烯-3β醇(5)、eulatinol(6)、对羟基苯乙醇(7)、siccayne(8)、5-羟甲基糠酸(9)、对苯二酚(10)、5-羟甲基糠醛(11)。其中1为新的链状类化合物,其余化合物均首次从该种真菌中分离得到。     

密褶红菇化学成分研究

从红菇科密褶红菇(Russula densifolia)的子实体中分离得到15个化合物,经波谱分析鉴定为D-阿洛糖醇(1)、硬脂酸(2)、3-羧酸呋喃(3)、(22E,24R)-3β-hydroxyergosta-5,22-diene(4)、3β-hydroxy-5α,8α-epidioxy-24β-methylc．holest-6-ene(5)、琥珀酸酐(6)、3β-hydroxy-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-diene(7)、软脂酸(8)、尿嘧啶(9)、顺丁烯二酸(10)、硫代乙酸酐(11)、1,4．丁二酸(12)、1-乙基-β-D吡喃葡萄糖苷(13)、2-aeetamino-2-deoxy-／3-β-glucose(14)和cembrosideB(15)。     

六盘山鸡爪大黄多糖含量变化规律

采用苯酚硫酸比色法对六盘山鸡爪大黄不同生长发育时期营养器官大黄多糖的含量变化规律进行分析,以明确大黄多糖在营养器官中的动态积累特征.结果显示:(1)随着植物的不断成熟,不同发育时期根和根茎中大黄多糖的总含量及其各组织中大黄多糖的含量表现为逐渐增高的趋势,次生维管组织是根和根茎大黄多糖贮藏的主要组织;(2)随着茎和叶的发育,大黄多糖的含量初期有一定程度的增加,在发育的后期略有下降;(3)与根和根茎相比,茎和叶中大黄多糖含量较少.研究结果表明,六盘山鸡爪大黄根和根茎是大黄多糖贮藏的主要器官,其中次生维管组织是大黄多糖贮藏的主要组织,次生维管组织中大黄多糖的贮藏积累方式为逐渐累积的方式,而且大黄多糖含量与各营养器官的发育程度存在着一定的相关性.