七种鲅亚科鱼Ag-NORs的比较研究

本文研究了红鳍鲅、青稍红鲅、蒙古红鲅、翘嘴红鲅、CAN条、团头鲂和长春鳊等7种鲅亚科鱼类的银染带。结果表明,在中期分裂相中各自的A g-NORs数在4-8个之间。综合分析比较国内已发表的鲤科银染资料,得出多数中国鲤科鱼类的Ag-NORs数为4位于两对sm染色体短臂端部。鲅亚科鱼在进化过程中NORs数目有增加的趋势。 Abstract:The Ag-NORs of 7 species in Abramidinae,namely Culter erythropterus,Erythroculter dabryi,E.ilishaeformis,E.mongolicus,Hemiculter leucisclus,Megalobrama amblycephala and Parabramis pekinensis were studied.The results showed that 4~8 Ag-NORs were observed in their metaphases respectively.Based on the Ag-NORs data of Cyprinid fishes published in China,we suggested that the number of Ag-NORs in major Chinese Cyprinidae is 4,locating on the short arm tips of two pairs smchromosomes.The trend of Ag-NORs number in Abramidinae fishes is towards increasing in course of evolution.     

Cortactin mediated morphogenic cell movements during zebrafish (Danio rerio) gastrulation

Cortactin, a filamentous actin (F-actin) associated protein and a prominent substrate of protein tyrosine kinase Src[1,2], is composed of several functional do-mains, including an amino terminal domain (NTA) that is rich in acidic residues, six and one half 37-amino-acid tandem repeating segments, an al-pha-helical motif, a less conserved region but rich in tyrosine, proline, serine and threonine residues, and a Src homology 3 (SH3) domain at the distal carboxyl terminus. In mammalian cells …     

云南人群系统性红斑狼疮与TNF微卫星基因座关系的研究

位于MHC内的肿瘤坏死因子（tomornecrosisfactor,TNF）基因区域有5个微卫星基因座a、b、c、d和e,本研究调查了中国云南汉族系统性红斑狼疮（systemiclupuserythematosus,SLE）与这几个微卫星基因座多态性的关系。本文用荧光标记引物和半自动基因扫描方法对云南地区97例SLE患者及79例健康对照者的这5个微卫星基因座进行了基因分型,结果发现,SLE患者的TNFa1（P=0.0206）,c2(P=0.0000)等位基因频率较正常人显著增高,而TNFa2(P=0.0163),c3(P=0.0065),c4(P=0.0012),d6(P=0.0448)等位基因频率则是正常对照较SLE患者高。同时我们还发现在这5个微卫星基因座中,与白种人比较中国人出现了尚未发现的新等位基因。 Abstract：We have investigated TNF microsatellite polymorphism in SLE.A total of 97 Chinese Han SLE patients and 79 matched Chinese Han controls were studied in this study, TNF microsatellites a,b,c,d and e were typed using fluorescent labeled automated genescanning and genotyping.TNFa1（P=0.0206）,c2 (P=0.0000) allele frequencies were significantly increased in the SLE group comparing with controls,and TNF a2 (P=0.0163) c3(P=0.0065),c4(P=0.0012),d6(P=0.0448) allele frequencies were significantly increased in controls.Meanwhile,we found some new alleles in Chinese which are different form those in Caucasoids.     

Comparing gene expression profiles of Kashin-Beck and Keshan diseases occurring within the same endemic areas of China

In this study, differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood from patients with Kashin-Beck disease and Keshan disease were compared to further investigate the etiology and pathogenesis of both diseases, which occur in a common endemic area of China. Twenty Kashin-Beck disease patients and 12 healthy controls, and 16 Keshan disease patients and 16 healthy controls, were grouped into four pairs. Patients and controls were selected from common endemic areas for the two diseases. Total RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from all patients and controls, and gene expression profiles analyzed by oligonucleotide microarrays. Sixteen genes differentially expressed in both Kashin-Beck disease and Keshan disease (versus controls) were identified, and comprised nine genes showing synchronous and seven asynchronous expression. The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database shows that expression and biological function of these genes can be affected by multiple environmental factors, including mycotoxin and selenium content, potential environmental risk factors for the two diseases. Thus, these shared differentially expressed genes may contribute to the distinct organ lesions, caused by common environmental risk factors of Kashin-Beck disease and Keshan disease.     

Seasonal variations in the energy budget of Elliot’s pheasant (Syrmaticus ellioti) in cage

This study aimed to discuss the energy budget of Elliot’s pheasant Syrmaticus ellioti in different seasons, with life and health, good growth and normal digestion of Elliot’s pheasant as the tested objects, The energy budget of Elliot’s pheasant was measured by daily collection of the trial pheasants’ excrement in the biological garden of Guangxi Normal University from March 2011 to February 2012. The results showed that the gross energy consumption, metabolic energy and excrement energy varied by season, increasing as temperature decreased. There was significant difference in gross energy consumption, metabolic energy, excrement energy between adults and nonages. There was also a trend that food digestibility of pheasants increases as temperature increases. In the same season, the food digestibility of adults was better than that of nonages. Throughout spring, summer, autumn and winter, the metabolic energy of 4-year adults were 305.77±13.40 kJ/d, 263.67±11.89 kJ/d, 357.23±25.49 kJ/d and 403.12±24.91 kJ/d, respectively, and the nonages were 284.86±17.22 kJ/d, 284. 66±15.16 kJ/d, 402. 26±31.46 kJ/d and 420. 30±31.98 kJ/d, respectively. The minimum metabolic energies were 247.65±21.81 g, 265.86±26.53 g, respectively for each group, detected between 4-year adults and 1-year nonages. Further study is needed to determine whether 29.6 C is the optimal temperature for the Elliot’s pheasant.     

Synthesis and optimization of cholesterol-based diquaternary ammonium Gemini Surfactant (Chol-GS) as a new gene delivery vector

Amongst a number of potential nonviral vectors, cationic liposomes have been actively researched, with both gemini surfactants and bola amphiphiles reported as being in possession of good structures in terms of cell viability and in vitro transfection. In this study, a cholesterol-based diquaternary ammonium gemini surfactant (Chol-GS) was synthesized and assessed as a novel nonviral gene vector. Chol-GS was synthesized from cholesterol by way of four reaction steps. The optimal efficiency was found to be at a weight ratio of 1:4 of lipid:DOPE (1,2-dioleoyl-L-alpha- glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine), and at a ratio of between 10:1~15:1 of liposome:DNA. The transfection efficiency was compared with commercial liposomes and with Lipofectamine, 1,2-dimyristyloxypropyl-3-dimethylhydroxyethylammonium bromide (DMRIE-C), and N-[1-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl]- N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride (DOTAP). The results indicate that the efficiency of Chol-GS is greater than that of all the tested commercial liposomes in COS7 and Huh7 cells, and higher than DOTAP and Lipofectamine in A549 cells. Confirmation of these findings was observed through the use of green fluorescent protein expression. Chol-GS exhibited a moderate level of cytotoxicity, at optimum concentrations for efficient transfection, indicating cell viability. Hence, the newly synthesized Chol-GS liposome has the potential of being an excellent nonviral vector for gene delivery.     

Novel optical system for in vitro quantification of full surface strain fields in small arteries: I. Theory and design

Recent advances in vascular biology and pathophysiology have revealed the need to understand better the genetic basis of arterial stiffness, disease progression and responses to clinical intervention. Towards this end, in vitro experiments on arteries from genetically modified mice promise to provide significantly increased insight into both health and disease. The need to test small arteries, often of complex shape, necessitates new methods for experimental arterial mechanics, however, ones that can provide information on local changes in geometry and strain. In this paper, we present a theoretical framework for a new panoramic digital image correlation-based method sufficient to collect such information and we demonstrate the utility of this approach via validation studies on phantoms having dimensions on the order of 500-1000 μm, similar to those of large mouse arteries. In particular, we show that placing the specimen within a conical mirror and imaging the specimen via a gimbal-mounted mirror using a single camera yields stereo information sufficient to quantify the size, shape and deformation along the full length and around the entire circumference of small arteries. In a companion paper, we show further that this approach can be implemented effectively while testing arteries within a physiological solution that maintains native biomechanical properties.