腥黑粉菌属一新种

本文报道了从意大利进口兔尾草(Lagurus ovatus L.)上截获的腥黑粉菌属一新种——兔尾草腥黑粉菌(Tilletia laguri G.M.Zhang,G.X.Lin & J.R.Deng),同时讨论了该种与近似种的区别,文中对其形态特征有拉丁文和汉文描述,并附有图片。主模式标本保存在深圳动植物检疫局真菌标本室,等模式标本分别保存在德国蒂宾根大学范基黑粉菌标本馆(HUV)、中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室和华南农业大学植保系真菌标本室。     

利用激光微束穿刺法将外源基因导入小麦的研究

用激光微束穿刺法将携带有新霉素磷酸转移酶（ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ）基因的质粒ｐＪＩＴ１０１导入京花１号小麦幼胚细胞。方法是将小麦幼胚细胞进行高渗缓冲液预处理,用微米级的激光微束处理,然后在卡那霉素培养基上筛选出具抗性的愈伤组织及绿色小植株。第一年,从１５０个小麦幼胚中,在卡那霉素培养基上筛选出４株绿苗,取两株进行ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ酶活性分析,测到了ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ酶的活性。第二年重复实验,从２４５个小麦幼胚中,经筛选获得１株绿苗,进行了叶片ＤＮＡＰＣＲ扩增检测,转化的绿色小苗扩增出所导入的ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ基因编码的片段。结果表明,外源ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ基因已导入了小麦,并实现了整合表达。     

Physical mapping of three fruit ripening genes：Endopolygalacturonase,ACC oxidase and ACC synthase from apple（Malus x domestica） in an apple rootstock A106（Malus sieboldii

The apple rootstock,A106(Malus sieboldii),had 17 bivalents in pollen mother cells at meiotic metaphase 1,and 17 chromosomes in a haploid pollen cell.Karyotypes were prepared from root-tip cells with 2n=34 chromosomes,Seven out of 82 karyotypes(8.5%) showed one pari of satellites at the end of the short arm of chromosome 3.C-bands were shown on 6 pairs of chromosomes 2,4,6,8,14,and 16 near the telomeric regions of short arms.Probes for three ripening-related genes from Malus x domestica:endopolygalacturonase(EPG,0.6kb),ACC oxidase(1.2kb),and ACC synthase(2kb)were hybridized in situ to metaphase chromosomes of A106.Hybridization sites for the EPG gene were observed on the long arm of chromosome 14 in 15 out of 16 replicate spreads and proximal to the centromere of chromosomes 6 and 11.For the ACC oxidase gene,hylridization sites were observed in the telomeric region of the short arm of chromosomes 5 and 11 in 87% and 81% of 16 spreads respectively,proxiaml to the centromere of chromosome 1 in 81% of the spreads,and on the long arm of chromosome 13 in 50% of the spreads. Physical mapping of three fruit ripening genes in an apple rootstock A106.Twenty five spreads were studied for the ACC synthase gene and hybridization sites were observed in the telomeric region of the short arm of chromosome 12 in 96% of the spreads.chromosomes 9 and 10 in 76% of the spreads,and chromosome 17 in 56% of the spreads.     

Short Communication—The detection of nuclear matrix in most primitive presentexisting eukaryote,Giardia lamblia

The nuclear matrix of diplomonad Giardia lamblia was detected for the first time with DGD embedmentsectioning-embedment free electron microscopy after a series of specific extractions.The result showed that archaezoa Giardia Lamblia already possessed nuclear matrix within its two nuclei.The finest fibrils of the nuclear matrix of Giardia lamblia were measured to be about 11 to 13 nm in thickness.However,the nuclear lamina and nucleolus have never been observed.These results seem to suggest that nuclear matrix is an indispensable intranuclear structural component even in the primitive nucleus.     

Affinity chromatography—dependent selection （ACDS） of genomic DNA fragments bound specifically to bacterial synthesized Myc／Myn proteins

This paper describes an approach to seek for mouse c-Myc/Myn proteins-bound specific sequences among genomic DNA.cDNA fragment of myn gene was obtained through RT-PCR technique from RNA of NIH3T3 cells.DNA fragments encoding BR/HLH/LZ structure of Myc and Myn proteins were cloned in frame into pGEX-2T vector respectively.Fusion GST-Myc and GST-Myn synthesized in E.coli hosts showed affinity to CACGTG E-box DNA and subsequently interacted with genomic fragments prepared through whole-genome-PCR.A PCR-assisted procedure which combines protein-DNA interaction and affinity chromatography was designed to enrich Myc/Myn bound DNA.At least two genomic DNA fragments obtained exhibit specifical binding capacity to Myc/Myn complex but not to GST alone.Significance of the work and of the technique itself as well asidentification of the DNAs are discussed.     

白细胞介素13

IL－13是新近发现的一种新的细胞因子,由Th2细胞产生,人IL－13（hIL-13)的分子量为17kd(糖量化）和12．4kD( 非糖基化）;鼠IL－13（mIL-13)的分子量为14kD;二者的氨基酸序列同源性为58％,hIL-13和mIL-13的基因定位于人第5号染色体和鼠第11号染色体上,并与IL－4基因紧密连锁,二者的cDNA同源性为66％,重组IL－13（γIL－13）具有多种生物学活性刺激前髓样细胞增殖,诱导单核细胞表达MHC II类抗原和CD23,促进B细胞增殖,分化和分泌Ig,抑制炎症因子的产生和HIV－1的复制,抗肿瘤等,对其深入研究将有助于认识IL－13在炎症反应的发生和发展以及调节免疫应答方面的作用,并为其临床应用的可能性提供理论依据。     

海河流域14种农作物对土壤库中磷的输出量和输入量初步研究

 海河流域14种农作物平均含磷量为0.127±0.053%,变化范围0.023—0.214%,不同器官中最高可达0.419%,最低仅为0.019%。对土壤库中磷输出量最大者为谷子,磷可达99.758±56.931kg·ha-1·a-1,其次是玉米和棉花;磷输入量以白薯为最大,为12.557±5.020kg·ha-1·a-1(但包括可食部分块根的输出部分在内),然后是谷子和花生,其余作物均较低,<2kg·ha-1·a-1。具高输出量的作物的部位有玉米、谷子、花生、棉花等果实,谷子、花生、白薯等茎叶;就输入量而言,除白薯为高输入和谷子为低输入类型外,其余均属很低输入型,上述特点揭示了海河流域因作物的收获而大量损失土壤库中的磷,如种植谷子、玉米、棉花等分别以99.758、32.661和26.591kg·ha-1·a-1的速率损失有效态磷。并对不同子流域作物磷的输出(入)量差异以及针对上述问题应采取的对策作了探讨。     

稻秆蝇预测预报方法

稻秆蝇ChloropsoryzaeMatsumura,又名稻黄潜秆蝇、稻秆潜蝇,是我县中、高山区新上升的水稻害虫,一年发生3代,1～2此为害水稻。全县水稻受害国积约15万亩,受害平均损失率4.9%,重的达14%以上。大田防治为降低成本,提高防治效果,用甲胺磷等农药取代味哺月,必须掌握在卵孵化盛期内施药,时间性极强。为了有效地指导防治,几年来我们应用以下几种方法进行幼虫发生期预测预报,收到了较抒的效果。1肾饲养法据田间调查,稻拜蝇幼虫侵入寄生后一般不转株,l～2代发生比较整齐,化蛹期内,凡被害水稻一般也可剥查到蛹。蛹在饲养中发育较稳定…     

青Qian愈伤组织在继代培养中的分化能力及染色体稳定性研究

青Ｑｉａｎ胚性愈伤组织在改良５９附加２,４－Ｄ及Ｋｔ及１ｐｐｍ的培养基上继代３年（每月继代１次）,仍具有旺盛的增殖能力,在胚性愈伤组织转入１／２改良５９并附加ＡＢＡ１ ｐｐｍ的分化基上,约３个月左右可分化出大量体细胞胚,体细胞胚分化率达０％以上,经继代３年的胚性愈伤组织细胞的染色体倍性十分稳定,其染色体数及核型为２ｎ＝２４＝１６ｍ（６ｓｃ）＋８ｓｍ＋２Ｂ。这一结果与由实生苗根尖压片所得结果基本一致