带有Ae.triuncialis抗白粉病基因的普通小麦-Ae.triuncialis单体附加系的培育

通过中国春Tal kr phlb基因综合体与Ae.triuncialis杂交、回交、自交及抗白粉病、细胞学鉴定,第一次获得了带有Ae.triuncialis抗白粉病基因的普通小麦-Ae.triuncialis单体附加系。 For the first time,the common wheat-Ae.trinucialis monosomic addition lines with resistant gene of Ae.triuncialis to powdery mildew were obtained by crosses and backcrosses between Chinese Spring Tal krph1b plants and Ae.triuncialis with Chinese Spring and identification of powdery mildew and cytology of their progenies.     

无汗性外胚层发育不良症一家系的调查研究

无汗性外胚层发育不良症是一种皮肤结构异常的遗传病,其临床上的主要症状表现为闭汗（汗腺缺如）、毛发稀黄和牙齿发育不全。１９９３年６月我们在遗传咨询门诊中发现一例男性患者,并对其家系作了调查。先证者,男,６岁。因１０天前在户外中暑休克,经抢救后持续发烧就...     

强直性肌营养不良症DMPK基因CTG重复序列与Alu±1kb单倍型研究

强直性肌营养不良(myotonic dystrophy,DM)是由于DMPK基因3′非翻译区CTG重复序列异常扩展所致的、主要累及神经肌肉系统的常染色体显性遗传病。在该基因的第8内含子中还存在一个Alu重复序列的1kb插入/缺失多态性,即Alu±1kb多态性。为了帮助阐明汉族人群中DM突变的起源,并为解释DM在不同群体中发病率的差异提供更多依据,本文从300例已知CTG拷贝数的正常汉族群体中随机挑选60例,首先通过PCR扩增确定其Alu±1kb多态性,然后对Alu±1kb和CTG双杂合的标本,采用长PCR方法先行扩增含Alu±1kb和CTG重复序列的DNA片段,再分别对含Alu(＋)和Alu(－)的DNA片段中的CTG拷贝数进行常规PCR分析,以确定二位点的单倍型。结果表明60例正常人中二位点间呈连锁不平衡。其单倍型为:（CTG）5均与Alu(＋)连锁;多数(CTG)11～14与Alu(－)连锁;在两个(CTG)≥19的等位基因中一个与Alu(＋)连锁,另一个与Alu(－)连锁。各民族相关资料的比较提示,汉族人群中(CTG)11～14与非洲黑人的起源可能不同;(CTG)19～30/Alu－1kb在汉族人群中的频率远比欧洲人群的高;(CTG)19～30/Alu－1kb与(CTG)19～30/Alu＋1kb在汉族人群中是以一定比例共存的;(CTG)19～30在不同民族间的起源不尽相同;如果从(CTG)5到(CTG)19～30的假设成立的话,则很可能是一个较为复杂的过程。 Abstract：Myotonic dystrophy(DM),an autosomal dominant disease of the neuromascular system,is caused by expansion of the CTG repeats in the 3＇untranslated region of the DMPK gene.In the eighth intron of this gene,there is another polymorphism－the insertion/deletion of 1kb Alu repeat(Alu±1kb).In order to help elucidate the origin of DM mutation in Chinese Han patients,and explain the difference of incidence of DM in different populations,60 normal Han individuals were randomly chosen from 300 Chinese,whose CTG copy number had been previously ascertained.The polymorphism of Alu±1kb of the 60 cases were firstly analyzed by in vitro amplification;then the 22 cases in which both sites were heterozygous were analyzed as following:the fragments containing both Alu±1kb and CTG repeat sequence were first amplified by long PCR method;and then the CTG copy numbers were analyzed in the Alu(＋)and Alu(－)alleles.In the 60 cases studied,a remarkable linkage disequilibrium between CTG triplet repeats and Alu±1kb were observed.All the(CTG)5 alleles were linked with Alu(＋),and most of the(CTG）11－14 alleles were linked with Alu(－);one of the two alleles of(CTG）≥19 was linked with Alu(＋),the other was linked with Alu(－).This suggests that the origin of(CTG)11－14 in Chinese Han may be different from that of African Blacks;the frequency of (CTG)19－30 /Alu－1kb in Chinese Han might be much higher than that in Europeans Caucasians.The(CTG)19－30/Alu－1kb and(CTG)19－30/Alu＋1kb coexist in Chinese Han in some proportion;the origin of (CTG)19－30 in different population may be different;if the hypothesis of(CTG)5 to(CTG)19－30 is true,then the progress should have been a relatively complicated process.     

甘蔗属不同种及优良甘蔗栽培品种的SSR标记遗传多样性分析

应用21对SSR引物与毛细管电泳技术,分析了52个甘蔗属品种的遗传多样性。共检测出327个SSR标记,平均每对引物检测15.6个。选择141个共显性标记构建SSR标记指纹图谱数据库,利用DNAMAN软件与UPGMA统计方法分析参试材料遗传多样性。DNAMAN软件同源分析显示,新台糖16号与台优1号之间的同源性最高(87%),品种之间最小的同源性为55%;利用UPGMA统计方法可把参试材料分成4个遗传相似性较高的类群。结果表明,SSR标记与毛细管技术的结合,可构建甘蔗种质资源SSR标记指纹图谱、分析甘蔗种质资源遗传多样性。聚类分析显示参试甘蔗材料的遗传基础相近,为了提高甘蔗选育种效率,应拓宽甘蔗选育种亲本的遗传基础,提高杂交栽培品种的抗虫、抗病等特性。     

用FISH技术对人、恒河猴、食蟹猴染色体的研究

用人类5号、 9号、13号、15号、17号、20号整条染色体探针分别对人、恒河猴和食蟹猴的中期细胞进行荧光原位杂交,结果表明:人的5号、13号、17号探针分别杂交到恒河猴的5号、16号、17号染色体上;9号探针杂交到恒河猴14号染色体的长臂及部分短臂上; 15号探针杂交到恒河猴7号染色体短臂及部分长臂上;20号探针杂交到恒河猴的13号染色体长臂上。食蟹猴的杂交结果与恒河猴完全一致。结合G带带型分析,对人与猕猴的染色体同源性及其进化进行了讨论。 Abstract:Fluorescent in situ hybridizaiton(FISH)was used on the metaphase of Macaca mulatta and Macaca fasicularis with human chromosome specific DNA libraries for chromosome 5、9、13、15、17 and 20.In Macaca mulatta,the result showed that chromosome 5、16 and 17 was entirely painted by human chromosome 5、13 and 17 specific libraries respectively.The long arm and the partial short arm of chromosome 14 and the short arm and the partial long arm of chromosome 7 were painted by human chromosome 9 and 15 specific libraries respectively.And the long arm of chromosome 13 was painted by human chromosome 20 library.The result was the same in Macaca fasicularis.Combinded with the comparative analysis of G-banding,the evolutional relationship of these chromosomes between human and macaques was discussed.     

基于修正的亚像元模型的植被覆盖度估算

植被覆盖度是陆地生态过程模型、气象和气候模型的一项重要参数.通过消除植被类型分类精度以及遥感影像噪声带来的误差,结合实际测量值确定了归一化植被指数(NDVI)的最大值和最小值,修正了亚像元模型,并通过计算北京市植被覆盖度对模型进行了验证. 结果表明: 修正后模型的模拟值与实测值非常接近,尤其是对植被类型一致但密度有不同变化的草本植被, 但对乔木植被覆盖度的估算误差相对较大,这可能与遥感影像分辨率、植被破碎度及采用的混合像元模型有关.     

Y染色体异常29例分析

本文从1992例遗传咨询病例中收集29例Y染色体异常的病例,其中Y染色体数 目异常(47,XYY)2例;Y染色体结构异常8例:Y/Y易位1例、Yp+3例、de l(Y)3例、嵌合 体dic(Y)1例;Y染色体长度变异19例。对Y染色体这几种异常类型的遗传效应进行分析。 Abstract:Twenty nine cases of Y chromosome abnormalities were found in 1992 patients asking genetic counseling.Different kinds of Y chromosome abnormalitics were detected by G and banding techniques.These were 47,XYY(2 cascs);46,X,del(Y)(3 cascs);46,X,Yp+(3 cases);46,X,t(Y;Y)(1 case);45,X/46,X,dic(Y)(1 case) and length changes of Y chromosome(19 cases).The genetic effects of Y chromosome abnormalities have been analyzed in this report.     

Current progress of China’s free ART program

INTRODUCTION At the end of 2003, there were an estimated 840,000 people in China infected with HIV, among whom 80,000 were in need of antiretroviral therapy (ART) [1]. Since 1999, the annual rate of increase in reported HIV infec- tions has been around 30%, with growing numbers of females becoming infected [1]. The transmission of HIV/ AIDS in China has been through intravenous drug use (43. 2%) in the south, southwest, and western provinces; prior commercial blood and plasma selli…     

宁国县竹林大型土壤动物群落结构与竹笋夜蛾危害程度的关系

许多农林害虫在发育过程中的某个阶段需要在土壤中度过 ,成为土壤动物的组成部分。有关土壤动物群落与害虫关系的研究 ,迄今报道甚少 ,近年来 ,我们对马尾松林土壤动物与荔蒲吉松叶蜂 (Ｇｉｌｐｉｎｉａｌｉｐｕｅｎｓｉｓ)害虫[1] 及水稻土壤动物与稻象虫 (Ｅｃｈｉｎｏｃｎｅｍｕｓｓｑｕａｍｅｕｓ)害虫关系[2 ]等进行初步报道。本文将对淡竹林大型土壤动物与竹笋夜蛾 (Ｏｌｉｇｉａｖｕｌｇａｘｉｓ)危害程度的关系进行研究 ,目的在于探明不同危害程度的竹林内 ,土壤动物群落结构各项重要指标的变化规律 ,以及竹笋夜蛾在土壤中的分布、…