青海早熟禾属（禾本科）新类群

青海湖早熟禾Poa stenostachya S.L.Lu et X.F.Lu,sp.nov.　　 Fig.1 .Typus:Qinghai(青海 ) ,Tianjun Xian(天峻县 ) ,the south of Sanjiaocheng(三角城 )near Qinghai Lake(青海湖 ) ,between Hudong and Ganzihe(湖东种羊场至甘孜河之间 ) ,on marshy meadow,elevations about3 2 50 m,1 999.7.2 5,Chen Gui-chen etal.(陈桂琛等 ) 2 2 64 A( HWNP) .Species a Poa tibetica R.Brown similis,sed planta robusta,vaginis fere ad basimclausis usque ad1 8mm longis,ligulis3～ 3 .5mm longis,panicula plus minusve laxa,a…     

利用生物信息学技术研究蛋白功能的几种方法

阐明基因的功能是后基因组计划的主要任务。生物信息学为解决这一难题提供了有力手段,生物信息学是用数理和信息学的观点,理论,方法研究生命现象,组织和分析呈指数增长的生物学数据的一门新型学科,本文介绍4种应用生物信息学技术研究蛋白功能的方法。     

杀伤细胞抑制性受体P58分子的结构与功能

P58分子是存在于自然杀伤细胞（NK）和部分T细胞的跨膜受体,属免疫球蛋白（Ig）样杀伤细胞抑制性受体（KIR）家族成员,具有复杂的结构多态性和精细的配体特异性。P58的配体为靶细胞膜上的HLA－C分子,两者结合后启动P58细胞内段的免疫抑制基序（ITIM）中的酷氨酸磷酸化,磷酸化的ITIM可与激活信号传导所必须的含SH2结构的磷酸酶偶联,从而抑制免疫激活信号的细胞内传导,抑制杀伤细胞对靶细胞的杀伤活性。P58介导信号是杀伤细胞区分“异己”和外周免疫耐受形成的重要机制。与造血干细胞移植后的移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）密切相关。     

人源抗狂犬病毒中和性全抗体在昆明细胞中的表达

将来源于噬菌体抗体库的人源狂犬病毒糖蛋白特性异特单抗G10Fab基因的,克隆入杆状病毒人源IgG抗体表达载体,通过转染将重组质粒导入昆虫细胞,以全抗体的形式表达了一株人源抗狂犬病毒基因工程抗体R10。用亲和层析的方法纯化了表达产物,经过一株鼠源糖蛋白特异性单抗竞争证实,该单克隆抗体特异性识别狂犬病毒糖蛋白,亲和力约为10^-9M.体外中和实验证明,该单抗对狂犬病毒aG株具有体外中和活性。     

白腐真菌对稻草秸秆的降解及其有关酶活性的变化

以稻草秸秆加20%棉籽壳为培养基质,接种侧耳Z17、921、1024菌株,在不同生长阶段。测定培养物的主要化学成分和有关酶活的变化。结果表明,从接种到子实体形成,所试菌株培养物的纤维素、木质素等呈持续不断的下降趋势,水份、粗蛋白含量却逐渐升高,基质中漆酶酶活性在菌丝生长初期呈迅速上升趋势,后稍降低,而愈创木酚酶活性在菌丝上长初期及子实体形成时达到高峰,后有所降低或消失。     

甜橙辣椒红／辣椒玉红素合成酶同源基因的克隆（简报）

The complete sequence of orange homologous capsanthin/capsorubin synthase gene is 3788 bp long with a coding sequence of 1512 bp, which encodes a polypeptide of 503 amino acids. The 5' upstream sequence is 1721 bp long and the 3' downstream sequence is 555 bp long. The amino acid sequence of this gene is 78% and 69% identical to the genes from carrot and pepper, respectively. It is also partially homologous to plant neoxanthin synthase, lycopene beta-cyclase and lycopene epsilon cyclase genes. Isolation of the gene provides a framework for elucidation of the mechanisms involved in inability of citrus to produce capsanthin and capsorubin.     

小鼠2—细胞胚胎单个卵裂球体外培养及其发育形成囊胚的玻璃化冷冻保存技术的研究（简报）

The present experiments were designed to study the effects of glucose, EDTA, glutamine on the in vitro development of single blastomeres from 2-cell embryos in mouse, and the efficiency of cryopreservation of blastocysts from single blastomers with different vitrification. Single blastomeres derived from female ICR x male BDF1 2-cell embryos were cultured in mKRB with or without glucose, EDTA and glutamine, respectively. The expanded blastocyst rates were significantly different between in mKRB with glucose and without glucose (34% vs 65%); The blastomeres were cultured in mKRB with EDTA and glutamine but glucose, the expanded blastocyst rate (90%) was significantly higher than other groups. The blastocysts derived from single blastomeres were vitrified in liquid nitrogen after equilibration in GFS40 for 0.5-2 min, the survival rate 24%-51%. The blastocysts were pretreated in mPBS with 10% glycerol for 5 min, followed by exposure to GFS40 at 25 degrees C for 0.5 min, then vitrified in liquid nitrogen(two-step method), the survival rate was 61%. However, the survival rates increased to 64% and 70% when the blastocysts were vitrified(one-step method) ater equilibration in EFS40 at 25 degrees C for 0.5-1 min.     

光照、温度和盐分对梭梭种子萌发的影响

梭梭是我国西北荒漠中分布的多年生植物,属中亚荒漠植被成分。其种子萌发的最适温度为10℃,亚适宜温度为15－20℃。从20℃起,温度越高,萌发比率越低。种子无论在光下和暗中都能萌发,萌发率无显著性差异。浓度低于0.2mol/L的NaCI溶液对萌发的影响不大;但从0.8mol/L起,萌发率随着浓度增高而降低,直至为零。将在盐溶液中处理9d的种子转移至蒸馏水后,原来较高浓度下的种子具有较高的萌发恢复率。不同浓度下的种子的萌发率和萌发恢复率要比蒸馏水中的低,表明NaCI处理后的部永久地失去萌发力。