Isoflurane anesthesia inhibits clozapine- and risperidone-induced dopamine release and anesthesia-induced changes in dopamine metabolism was modified by fluoxetine in the rat striatum: an in vivo microdialysis study

Previously, we have reported that halothane anesthesia increases the extracellular concentrations of dopamine (DA) metabolites in the rat striatum using in vivo microdialysis techniques, and we have suggested that volatile anesthetics affect DA release and metabolism in various ways. The present investigation assesses the effect of isoflurane, widely used in clinical anesthesia, on DA release and metabolism. A microdialysis probe was implanted in the striatum of male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=5-7 per group). After recovery, the probe was perfused with modified Ringer's solution and 40 microl of dialysate were injected into a high performance liquid chromatograph every 20 min. The rats were given saline or the same volume of 10 mg kg(-1) clozapine, risperidone, fluoxetine or citalopram. After the pharmacological treatment, the rats were anesthetized with 1.0% or 2.5% isoflurane for 1h. The data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). For each drug with significant (p<0.05) drug-time interactions, the statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA and Newman-Keuls post hoc comparisons. A high concentration of isoflurane (2.5%) anesthesia increased the extracellular concentration of DA metabolites during emergence from anesthesia. The levels of DA metabolites increased in an isoflurane concentration-dependent manner. Isoflurane attenuated DA release induced by clozapine and risperidone. Fluoxetine, but not citalopram, antagonized the isoflurane-induced increase in metabolites. The results of current investigation suggest that isoflurane enhances presynaptic DA metabolism, and that the oxidation of DA might be partially modulated by the activities of the dopaminergic-serotonergic pathway at a presynaptic site in the rat striatum.     

云南人群系统性红斑狼疮与TNF微卫星基因座关系的研究

位于MHC内的肿瘤坏死因子（tomornecrosisfactor,TNF）基因区域有5个微卫星基因座a、b、c、d和e,本研究调查了中国云南汉族系统性红斑狼疮（systemiclupuserythematosus,SLE）与这几个微卫星基因座多态性的关系。本文用荧光标记引物和半自动基因扫描方法对云南地区97例SLE患者及79例健康对照者的这5个微卫星基因座进行了基因分型,结果发现,SLE患者的TNFa1（P=0.0206）,c2(P=0.0000)等位基因频率较正常人显著增高,而TNFa2(P=0.0163),c3(P=0.0065),c4(P=0.0012),d6(P=0.0448)等位基因频率则是正常对照较SLE患者高。同时我们还发现在这5个微卫星基因座中,与白种人比较中国人出现了尚未发现的新等位基因。 Abstract：We have investigated TNF microsatellite polymorphism in SLE.A total of 97 Chinese Han SLE patients and 79 matched Chinese Han controls were studied in this study, TNF microsatellites a,b,c,d and e were typed using fluorescent labeled automated genescanning and genotyping.TNFa1（P=0.0206）,c2 (P=0.0000) allele frequencies were significantly increased in the SLE group comparing with controls,and TNF a2 (P=0.0163) c3(P=0.0065),c4(P=0.0012),d6(P=0.0448) allele frequencies were significantly increased in controls.Meanwhile,we found some new alleles in Chinese which are different form those in Caucasoids.     

野牦牛成纤维细胞分离培养与部分生物学特性观察

野牦牛是青藏高原珍稀牛种,国家一级保护动物。为了保存野牦牛遗传资源,采用组织块法建立了3株野牦牛成纤维细胞株。体外培养的野牦牛细胞呈现典型的成纤维细胞形态,增殖能力强,测定的细胞群体倍增时间为38．47h,平台期密度为2．08×10^6／mL。经免疫荧光染色,细胞表达FGFR5,经单克隆培养建立了FGFR5阳性细胞株。F7细胞染色体核型分析表明,二倍体正常核型率为84．33％,核型2n=60,常染色体均为近端着丝粒染色体,x、Y染色体为近端着丝粒染色体。所建立的野牦牛体细胞株为开展野牦牛克隆研究提供了材料。     

Effects of methamidophos and glyphosate on copper sorption-desorption behavior in soils

A batch-equilibration technique was employed to study the impact of two organo-phosphorus pesticides methamidophos (MDP) and glyphosate (GPS) on copper (Cu2+) sorption-desorption for phaeozem and burozem collected from Northeastern China. The addition of the two pesticides decreased Cu2+ sorption, increased Cu2+ desorption and prolonged the equilibrium time of Cu2+ sorption-desorption. But GPS appeared to exert a stronger influence on Cu2+ sorption-desorption due to its stronger complexion with Cu2+. When MDP was added, Cu2+ sorption-desorption was linearly correlated with MDP treatment concentrations. But in the presence of GPS, Cu2+ sorption first underwent a rapid decrease period, and then slowly tended towards a steady period. The reverse pattern could be found for Cu2+ desorption in the presence of GPS. Without pesticides and with the existence of MDP, Cu2+ sorption-desorption kinetics was well conformed to two-constant equation and Elovich equation. But that was not the case for Cu2+ desorption kin     

Presynaptic inhibitory effects of rocuronium and SZ1677 on [3H]acetylcholine release from the mouse hemidiaphragm preparation

It has been shown that nondepolarizing muscle relaxants may have effects on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) other than those located on the skeletal muscle: some of them possess inhibitory effects on neuronal nAChRs [Anesth. Analg. 59 (1980) 935; Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 9 (1988) 16; Pharmacol. Ther. 73 (1997) 75]. It was shown that, e.g. (+)-tubocurarine and pancuronium are able to inhibit ACh release from the axon terminals of hemidiaphragm preparations and produce tetanic fade indicating their presynaptic effect. In this study rocuronium, a nondepolarizing steroidal muscle relaxant with shorter onset of action, and SZ1677 [1-(3-hydroxy-17β-acetyloxy)-2β-(1.4-dioxa-8-azaspiro-[4,5]-dec-8-yl)-(5-androstane-16β-yl)-1-(2-propenyl) pyrrolidinium bromide], a short-acting muscle relaxant [Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 757 (1995b) 84] inhibited the release of ACh in response to axonal stimulation, while -bungarotoxin failed to reduce the stimulation evoked release of ACh and did not produce tetanic fade. These results indicate that in addition to their postsynaptic effect, rocuronium and SZ1677 have presynaptic inhibitory effects on neuronal nAChRs at the neuromuscular junction. The finding that -bungarotoxin does not inhibit the release and does not produce tetanic fade indicates that it possesses affinity only for the postsynaptic muscle nAChRs.     

启动以细胞为基本功能单元的系统人类基因转录组研究

基因组学、分子生物学和细胞生物学等基础生命科学领域前沿的概念和技术都在高速形成和发展,这些领域和新概念、新技术的不断融合推动生命科学研究从一个生长点到又一个新的生长点。人类基因组研究将在未来的五到十年里,从以一个基因组为对象的研究进入到以每个体基因组为对象的研究。基因功能和功能相关性的研究也将进入到以细胞为单元的研究,转录组研究必将成为这一研究的基础和出发点。转录组研究包括转录组的构成、调控和与蛋白质组的关联等基本部分,以及在临床诊断和药物研发中的应用。在生理状态下,每一种细胞中基因的共有和特异功能最终构成物种的生长、发育和演化。在病理状态下,每一种细胞中基因的变异和失控最终导致器官、组织、乃至个体的衰亡。人类转录组研究是基因功能研究的最基本层次之一,作为基因产物的RNA和蛋白质在这个层次上的存在、变化、关联和在细胞间的差异构成转录组研究的基本内容。     

Antimicrobial effects of flavone analogues and their structure-activity relationships

It has been well known that the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae can cause fungemia in critically ill patients and flavone shows an antimicrobial effect on S. cerevisiae. Therefore, we have investigated the activities of thirteen flavone analogues on S. cerevisiae in our studies. Because flavonoids including flavones have antioxidative effects, we try to carry out the activity studies of flavone analogues in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the relationships between the structures of flavone analogues and their biological activities, such as antimicrobial and antioxidative effects, were elucidated using Comparative Molecular Field Analysis calculations. Of the flavone analogues tested here, 3,2'-dihydroxyflavone showed both good antimicrobial and antioxidative activities.