理解运动行为抑制调控的新视角：乙酰胆碱门控氯离子通道受体

Acetylcholine, the first identified neurotransmitter, plays crucial roles in various brain functions. One well-known case is its involvement as an activating neurotransmitter in the regulation of locomotion. However, its inhibitory regulatory role, particularly in locomotion, remains poorly understood. In a study conducted by Polat et al., the authors investigated the inhibitory role of acetylcholine in locomotion in C. elegans. In this organism, the acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptor consists of four subunits. The authors thoroughly examined the loss-of-function of each subunit in movement regulation. Interestingly, the mutant worms were still capable of performing various movements such as forward, backward crawling, and turning, suggesting that the overall movement was not significantly affected. However, quantitative behavior analysis revealed subtle yet significant differences in the timing and postures of the movement in these mutants. Furthermore, the authors employed optogenetics to stimulate a specific neuron involved in backward crawling and demonstrated that the loss-of-function of the receptors in individual neurons affects the transitioning between locomotion modes. This work provides evidence for the inhibitory regulatory role of acetylcholine in locomotion. The loss-of-function of acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptors likely disrupts the balance of neuronal and circuit physiology, thereby affecting the regulation of locomotion. Moreover, this study highlights the powerful role of quantitative behavior analysis in discovering and understanding more sophisticated functions of neural circuits.     

Frankia菌种保藏

对用4种方法保藏的Frankia菌,进行了培养物存活、形态及其固氮活性的检测.发现在无氮液体培养基中保藏6年的Frankia.菌丝断裂,孢囊不完整.同期经有氮液体保藏的Frankia菌孢囊较完整.冷冻干燥保藏3.5年和砂管保藏8年,孢囊和菌丝均较完整.上述方法保藏的菌种,经活化后均能生长,且具有典型的Frankia菌形态特征和固氮活性.4种方法比较,无氮液体保藏法的菌体细胞生长速度快,固氮活性强,有侵染结瘤能力.     

北方稻田生态系统研究Ⅱ．稻萍结合系统细绿萍共生固N量研究

对稻萍结合系统细绿萍共生固Ｎ量研究表明,萍的固Ｎ力在整个生长季不同时期有所变化．最高固Ｎ率出现在６月初,萍固Ｎ量随其接种量和水稻行距增加而增加．５０～１０ｃｍ宽窄行交替的水稻行距和１５００ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２的萍接种量的稻萍结合系统的总固Ｎ量为１０７．１ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２,而３０ｃｍ等行距的３２５ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２的萍接种量的稻－萍结合系统的总固Ｎ量仅为３６．０ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２     

云南西双版纳热带雨林区钩马陆科一新属新种（倍足纲：异蛩目）

本文记述一新属,菌肢马陆属Ａｇａｒｉｃｏｇｏｎｏｐｕｓ ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．,隶属于异蛩目,钩马陆科。雄体的生殖肢之后面伸出一对相当大的菌状突起而有别于其他各属,并且生殖基节顶端具有３对裂叶相互把握为三叶菌肢马陆Ａ．ａｃｒｏｔｒｉｆｏｌｉｏｌａｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．之基本特征。这一新类群生活在我国云南热带雨林区。     

遵义地区灵长类资源调查初报

为了查清我区灵长类资源的种类、数量、分布,以保护、发展、合理利用这一资源,1988年4—12月对遵义地区13个县市的灵长类作了一次较全面的调查,现将结果初报如下:本区位于贵州北部,地处东经105°36′—108°13′,北纬27°08′—29°12′之间,西北部与四川省接壤,总面积30753平方公里,占全省总面积的17.5%,林业用地为2094.49万亩,其中有林地655.18万亩,占林业用地的31.3%,森林覆被率为14.2%。区内沟谷纵横、切割较深,地貌、气候和植被类型复杂多样,形成常绿阔叶混交林、落叶阔叶混交林和针阔混交林等多层次林分,为灵长类的栖息繁衍提供了良好…     

刺槐根瘤菌的研究 Ⅱ刺槐根瘤菌可溶性蛋白及酯酶特性

运用垂直平板凝胶电泳技术,以快生型大豆根瘤菌为对照,分析快生型剌槐根瘤菌可溶性蛋白及酯酶同功酶的特性。试验结果表明,剌槐根瘤菌与快生型大豆根瘤菌有明显差异,剌槐根瘤菌之间表现出微小差异,依照微小差异可将剌槐根瘤菌分成两个类型。     

用高压液相色谱法测定链霉菌细胞DNA G-C克分子百分比

在测定细胞DNA G-C克分子百分比的诸多方法中,以Ko等建立的高压液相色谱法较为先进,灵敏度更高,速度快,重复性好,计算方便。我们在研究链霉菌G-C克分子百分比测定方法时,对方法作了一些改良,现将结果     

钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ与学习记忆相关疾病的研究进展

智力障碍、阿尔兹海默氏病等学习记忆相关疾病由于致病原因复杂,发病机制不明确,至今仍缺少有效的防治措施。钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ(CaMKⅡ)作为神经信号传递通路中重要的信号分子,是与学习和记忆相关的重要调节蛋白。CaMKⅡ功能的失调会诱发多种与学习记忆相关的疾病。目前在编码CaMKⅡ的基因上已发现多种引起智力障碍的从头突变,但具体的致病机理仍有待进一步研究。该文重点介绍了CaMKⅡ在学习和记忆中的作用,总结了CaMKⅡ突变引起的学习记忆相关疾病及在智力障碍上可能的致病机理,并讨论了如何以其作为新的靶点开发针对神经系统疾病的个性化治疗药物。     

麦迪霉素产生菌酮基还原酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

用PCR法扩增麦迪霉素产生菌酮基还原酶（MKR）基因,得到约0．8kb的DNA片段,扩增片段重组到利用依赖T7RNA聚合酶的高效表达载体pT7－7中,在大肠杆菌中表达出28．9kD的蛋白质。表达的蛋白质具有生物活性。