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Karlheinz Grillitsch Pablo Tarazona Lisa Klug Tamara Wriessnegger Günther Zellnig Erich Leitner Ivo Feussner Günther Daum 《生物化学与生物物理学报:生物膜》2014
Despite similarities of cellular membranes in all eukaryotes, every compartment displays characteristic and often unique features which are important for the functions of the specific organelles. In the present study, we biochemically characterized the plasma membrane of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris with emphasis on the lipids which form the matrix of this compartment. Prerequisite for this effort was the design of a standardized and reliable isolation protocol of the plasma membrane at high purity. Analysis of isolated plasma membrane samples from P. pastoris revealed an increase of phosphatidylserine and a decrease of phosphatidylcholine compared to bulk membranes. The amount of saturated fatty acids in the plasma membrane was higher than in total cell extracts. Ergosterol, the final product of the yeast sterol biosynthetic pathway, was found to be enriched in plasma membrane fractions, although markedly lower than in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A further characteristic feature of the plasma membrane from P. pastoris was the enrichment of inositol phosphorylceramides over neutral sphingolipids, which accumulated in internal membranes. The detailed analysis of the P. pastoris plasma membrane is discussed in the light of cell biological features of this microorganism especially as a microbial cell factory for heterologous protein production. 相似文献
4.
Rudi Berera Ivo H.M. van Stokkum Sandrine d'Haene John T.M. Kennis Rienk van Grondelle Jan P. Dekker 《Biophysical journal》2009,96(6):2261-2267
When grown under a variety of stress conditions, cyanobacteria express the isiA gene, which encodes the IsiA pigment-protein complex. Overexpression of the isiA gene under iron-depletion stress conditions leads to the formation of large IsiA aggregates, which display remarkably short fluorescence lifetimes and thus a strong capacity to dissipate energy. In this work we investigate the underlying molecular mechanism responsible for chlorophyll fluorescence quenching. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy allowed us to follow the process of energy dissipation in real time. The light energy harvested by chlorophyll pigments migrated within the system and eventually reaches a quenching site where the energy is transferred to a carotenoid-excited state, which dissipates it by decaying to the ground state. We compare these findings with those obtained for the main light-harvesting complex in green plants (light-harvesting complex II) and artificial light-harvesting antennas, and conclude that all of these systems show the same mechanism of energy dissipation, i.e., one or more carotenoids act as energy dissipators by accepting energy via low-lying singlet-excited S1 states and dissipating it as heat. 相似文献
5.
The level of urine selenium in healthy adult population, 230 persons, was examined. Persons were selected regarding sex, ages, and smoking habits. No differences versus these observations have been found. For a total, group values are 16.96 Se nmol/creatinine mmol, SD=5.44. It is possible from a single-void specimen to express daily excretion of selenium. 相似文献
6.
Ivo Strecker 《Visual Anthropology: Published in cooperation with the Commission on Visual Anthropology》2013,26(3-4):207-227
As the anthropological theory of politeness has put it, people have universally two kinds of social want. They wish to be close to others, liked and accepted, but they also want some distance, freedom from imposition and respect of mutual difference. These wants, which one may also call basic human rights, are however often violated, and images play an important role in this. Images are ultimately generated in the human mind and may find verbal as well as written and pictorial representation. Tyler [1978] has proposed a typology of mental images based on criteria of conscious control, completeness, abstraction, media and autonomy. These criteria also prove useful when probing into prototypical usages of intrusive imagery such as cursing, blessing, magic, witchcraft and the evil eye. Also the criteria help one understand the subtle process by which imagery can lead to the articulation and even discovery of peoples’ selves. Ethnographic discourse has always been to a large extent about images, but until recently the ethnographer stood between his or her audience and the people of whom he or she was speaking or writing. Now, as sound recordings, film and video have arrived, this allows for richer varieties of cooperation where the non‐literate counterparts of the ethnographer can make more expressive and coherent contributions than before. Also it seems that in the face of suppression people welcome the new media as a support in their ongoing battle for a recognition of their cultural and social worthiness. 相似文献
7.
M. R. Sarić 《Plant and Soil》1987,99(1):197-209
Summary The paper discusses the problems of genetic aspects of plant mineral nutrition in the light of the results presented at the
First and Second Symposia on ‘Genetic Aspects of Plant Mineral Nutrition’ organized in Beograd in 1982 and Madison in 1985,
respectively. On the basis of the results, future directions of research are discussed. The papers deal with the concentration
and content of mineral nutrients in different genotypes, physiological and biochemical aspects of the genetic specificity
of plant mineral nutrition, relations between plant genotypes and nitrogen fixing micro-organism strains, as well as with
some related problems which have been investigated to a lesser extent. Particular attention is paid to papers and problems
referring to genetic and breeding research work linked with genetic aspects of plant mineral nutrition as well as the possibilities
of developing new cultivars requiring certain soil and mineral nutrition conditions for their cultivation. 相似文献
8.
S. Živanović 《Human Evolution》1988,3(5):329-334
Studies of the morphological features of the temporal region of mesolithic skulls from Padina in the Iron Gate Gorge of the
Danube revealed a very prominent and large supramastoid ridge which is the most striking feature in skulls of both sexes.
Mastoid processes were larger in male skulls, but in 25% of the cases there was an overlap between the size of the processes
in male and female specimens. The mastoid ridge was prominent in both sexes. The digastric fossa was always well defined in
both sexes and in the two thirds of the skull specimens it was deep. The posterior root of the zygoma was prominent in all
the skulls, but it was better developed in the male specimens. The parietotemporal suture in both sexes rises above the level
of the pterion. There were no morphological or anthropometrical differences between the left and the right side of individual
skulls outside the limits of natural asymmetry. All these morphological characteristics of the temporal region may help in
racial and sexual diagnosis of the Mesolithic skulls from the Iron Gate Gorge. 相似文献
9.
Ivo Šafařík 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》1988,3(4):259-261
Summary A new insoluble chromogenic substrate for the determination of proteolytic activity was developed. This substrate was prepared by incorporating black drawing ink into casein and heating this complex at 200°C for 4 h. It is especially suitable for determining the activity of alkaline bacterial proteinases. 相似文献
10.
Z. D. Draganić S. I. Vujošević A. Negrón-Mendoza J. A. Azamar I. G. Draganić 《Journal of molecular evolution》1985,22(2):175-187
Summary We have examined a water-dominated multicomponent system after irradiation in the multimegarad dose range with gamma rays from a60Co source at both 77 and 310 K. The constituents were simple organic compounds in the proportions in which they appear in a dense interstellar cloud: HCN/CH3OH/CH3CN/C2H5CN/HCOOH=10.60.20.10.05. The total amounts were adjusted to correspond to a carbon to nitrogen ratio of 1.8 and a water content of about 50% in a cometary nucleus where the dust to volatiles ratio is 1; the total amount of CN-bearing compounds was taken to correspond to 0.4% of the cometary mass. In experiments at 310 K about 40 radiolytic products are identified, among them aldehydes and amino and carboxylic acids. Abundant polymeric material (Mw up to 80,000 daltons) is formed. The basic aspects of radiolysis of the liquid system are present also at 77 K, although at radiation-chemical yields that are lower by one to two orders of magnitude. We have considered the relevance of the present findings to the chemistry of a liquid-water core and the icy layers of a cometary nucleus. 相似文献