The sodium pump glutaconyl-CoA decarboxylase from Acidaminococcus fermentans. Specific cleavage by n-alkanols

Glutaconyl-CoA decarboxylase from Acidaminococcus fermentans was inactivated by incubation with n-alkanols at 37 degrees C. The concentration of the alcohol required for complete inactivation decreased with increasing chain length; e.g. 2 M ethanol was as potent as 2 mM hexanol or 0.5 mM decanol. The data indicate a binding of the alcohol to the enzyme with an energy of about 4 kJ/methylene group. Sodium ions prevented the inactivation (50% at 30 mM NaCl). K+, NH4+, Cs+ and Mg2+ had no influence, whereas Li+ was ten times less effective than Na+. The enzyme was cleaved during the inactivation into a soluble part, consisting of the alpha (Mr 120,000) and beta polypeptide chains (60,000), whereas the hydrophobic gamma chain (30,000) precipitated. The soluble part catalysed the sodium-ion-independent but avidin-sensitive glutaconyl-CoA/crotonyl-CoA exchange as measured with the substrates [3-3H]crotonyl-CoA and unlabelled glutaconate and with glutaconate CoA-transferase as auxiliary enzyme. In the presence of free biotin or its methyl ester the soluble part catalysed the formation of crotonyl-CoA from glutaconyl-CoA (apparent Km for biotin 40 mM, Vmax 1% of the native decarboxylation reaction). This apparent reactivation was most likely caused by the carboxylation of free biotin. Based on these and other observations the following functions may be assigned to the different polypeptide chains of glutaconyl-CoA decarboxylase: biotin carrier (alpha), carboxytransferase (beta) and carboxylase, the actual sodium pump (gamma).     

别藻蓝蛋白藻蓝胆素发色团分子构象研究

主要研究了蓝绿藻污棕席藻(Phormidium luridum)别藻蓝蛋白在不同 pH值条件下的吸收光谱和共振拉曼光谱.发现低聚化的结果导致了三聚体别藻蓝蛋白 650nm 特征吸收峰的消失和一些共振拉曼带强度和位置的移动.结果表明在低 pH 值作用下的低聚化的别藻蓝蛋白中藻蓝胆素发色团分子的构象和自由胆素分子类似,比三聚体的别藻蓝蛋白的发色团分子更趋于卷曲,折叠的构象态.而三聚体的别藻蓝蛋白,主要的拉曼带 1645cm^-1是其发色团分子构象处于更线性延展的标志,其光谱行为和吸收光谱 A_vis/A_uv所表征的发色团分子构象的结果相一致.     

滇水金凤转录因子TT8的克隆及表达分析

为探究滇水金凤(Impatiens uliginosa L.)TT8(TRANSPARENT TESTA 8)基因的功能和表达特性,并解析其对滇水金凤花色的影响,研究以滇水金凤花器官为材料,通过RT-PCR等技术克隆IuTT8基因,并对其进行生物信息学分析;利用qRT-PCR分析该基因在不同花色和不同花发育阶段的表达模式。结果表明,(1)成功克隆得到滇水金凤IuTT8基因,其编码区全长为2 136 bp,编码711 aa,为亲水性不稳定蛋白,gDNA全长为3 938 bp,共有6个内含子;结构域分析发现该蛋白属于bHLH超家族成员,与喜马拉雅凤仙花、山茶等物种的TT8蛋白同源且Motif基序相似。(2)IuTT8与同属植物喜马拉雅凤仙花的聚在一支,相似性约86.34%;多序列比对和系统进化分析显示TT8蛋白的结构域高度保守。(3)IuTT8基因在4种不同花色滇水金凤及其4个不同发育阶段均有表达,除白色外,其表达量均随花发育的进行呈先升后降的趋势;且IuTT8基因的表达量与花色呈正相关,其中以深红色表达量最高,白色表达量最低,深红色S3的表达量约为白色S2时期的48倍。研究表明滇水金凤I...     

高维非自治系统的周期解

本文通过建立并利用齐次线性方程解的估计公式,获得了周期系统（1）的周期解的存在性、唯一性定理,对周期系统（2）给出了一个平稳振荡定理,最后给出了实例。     

Biochemical and immunocytochemical characterization of monoclonal antibody TOP 35 raised against purified tonoplast from cress root

The vacuolar membrane, the tonoplast, is a proteinrich membranehitherto only few proteins in it have been identified. As anapproach for the identification of tonoplast proteins by monoclonalantibodies (MABs), purified tonoplast from cress roots (Lepidiumsativum L.) were used for immunization and plasma membranesas a control membrane to test the absence of antigen. The MABTOP 35 identified a glycoprotein of about 35 kDa in purifiedtonoplast of cress roots. Triton X-114 phase separation showedthat it was a hydrophobic integral membrane protein. In immunocytochemistrythe MAB TOP 35 strongly labelled the vacuolar membrane. Theabsence of cell wall or plasma membrane labelling by TOP 35indicates a distinct biosynthetic pathway of this protein tothe vacuolar membrane in plants. Key words: Immnocytochemistry, Lepidium sativum, monoclonal antibody, secretion, vacuole     

B(a)P暴露干扰细胞周期调控蛋白影响孕早期小鼠卵巢黄体功能

该研究旨在探讨苯并(a)芘[Benzo(a)pyrene,B(a)P]对孕早期小鼠卵巢黄体功能的影响及机制.体内模型:将昆明小鼠每晚按雌雄3∶1的比例合笼,次晨查得阴栓记为孕第1天(d1);将其随机分为对照组和B(a)P处理组,每日早晨称重后以0.1 mL/10 g动物体质量灌胃给予0.2 mg/(kg·d)的B(a)...     

Interspecific patterns for egg and clutch sizes of African Bufonidae (Amphibia: Anura)

Little is known about reproductive trade-offs in African amphibians, but such data, particularly in the form of quantitative measurements, are a key for investigating life history evolution. Here we compile and analyze known data on African bufonids from published material and new data from preserved museum specimens, to investigate interspecific patterns of egg and clutch sizes variation. Our data is a composite of mixed sources, including ova data from dissected females and laid clutches from observations in the field. Our study shows that, as body size increases, clutch size increases but egg size decreases, and when correcting for body size, egg size is inversely correlated with clutch size. These parameter interactions however, are different for different reproductive modes. In free-swimming larval developing species, the same trends are recovered, but for lecithotrophic viviparous species no significant correlations could be recovered for clutch size and body size nor for the trade-off between clutch size and egg size, and egg size is positively related to body size. The egg size of Nimbaphrynoides occidentalis (Angel, 1943) is a clear outlier, which may be due to its matrotrophic viviparous reproduction. In addition, we observed no statistical difference between ova data collected from dissections and laid clutch data from field observations, which suggests that such a mixed dataset has utility in comparative analyses.     

Precise mapping of a quantitative trait locus interval for spike length and grain weight in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

The spike characteristics length, spikelet density and fertile floret number are related yield components and are important in cereal improvement. QSpl.nau-2D is a major quantitative trait locus controlling spike length (SPL) detected in the recombinant inbred line population developed by crossing wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars Nanda2419 with Wangshuibai. In this study, to validate its genetic effect and determine its precise location, QSpl.nau-2D’s near-isogenic line (NIL) was developed using Mianyang99-323 as the recurrent parent through marker-assisted selection. Field trials showed that the NIL not only had significantly longer spikes on average than the recurrent parent but also had significantly higher grain weight, but did not differ in spikelet number and kernel number per spike. In the F2 population derived from a cross of the NIL with Mianyang99-323, QSpl.nau-2D functioned like a single gene and conditioned the SPL in a partially dominant manner, and was thus designated as HL1 (for head length). To precisely map HL1, 89 recombinants, consisting of 11 genotypes, were identified in the NIL-derived F2 population of 674 plants by using markers in the Xwmc25–Xgpw4080 interval. Phenotyping these lines showed that the introduction of a 0.9-cM interval flanked by Xcfd53 and DG371 in Nanda2419 resulted in longer spikes and a higher grain weight in the NIL. The availability of markers closely linked to HL1 could facilitate its use in breeding programs.     

黄瓜钝绥螨对茶黄螨雌成螨和腐食酪卵的功能反应

研究黄瓜钝绥螨Amblyseius cucumeris 对茶黄螨Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks)雌成螨和腐食酪螨Tyrophagus putrescentiae卵的功能反应。结果表明,黄瓜钝绥螨的第1若螨,第2若螨,雌成螨捕食茶黄螨雌成螨和腐食酪螨卵的功能反应均属于Holling II型,其中,雌成螨的捕食能力最强,对腐食酪螨卵和对茶黄螨雌成螨的攻击系数a大,处理时间th短,第2若螨也具有较强的捕食能力,对静态的腐食酪螨卵比对动态的茶黄螨捕食能力强,黄瓜钝绥螨对茶黄螨雌成螨具有很强的捕食能力。