Energy Confinement in Self-Organized Tokamak Plasma (without Transport Barriers)

Plasma Physics Reports - The phenomenon of improved energy confinement during radiative cooling at the plasma edge was studied experimentally in the T-10 tokamak. It was shown that the effect is...     

Effect of an analog of vasopressin on the fixation of temporary connections in the intact rat and after destruction of the locus coeruleus

Subcutaneous injection to intact rats and rats with destroyed locus coeruleus of 10 mcg of triglycide-glycinamide-lysinevasopressin (TGDGA-LVP) immediately after elaboration of labyrinth defensive conditioned reflex improves consolidation of temporary connections and raises its resistance to extinction. Improved consolidation of temporary connection is retained in animals with destroyed locus coeruleus for a shorter time than in intact animals. At the same time according to some characteristics, TGDGA-LVP has a more expressed influence of positive character on animals with destroyed locus coeruleus than on intact rats.     

Improvement of plasma energy confinement in tokamak under radiative cooling of the edge plasma

Improvement of plasma energy confinement in the T-10 tokamak by injection of impurity gases was studied experimentally. Injection of Ne and He in the ohmic and ECR heating regimes allows one to separate the dependences of energy confinement on the plasma density and on the edge plasma cooling rate. It is shown that the well-known dependence of the energy confinement time on the plasma density is, in fact, the dependence on the radiative loss power. This phenomenon can be explained by plasma self-organization. The experiments are described by a thermodynamic model for self-organized plasma in which the transport coefficient depends on the difference between the actual and self-consistent pressure profiles. The reduction in the heat flux at the plasma edge due to radiative cooling leads to a decrease in the transport coefficient in this region and, accordingly, improves energy confinement. Results of approximate model calculations for experiments with Ne injection are presented.     

Post-stress correlation of the functional activity of macrophages by tuftsin and its derivatives

The effect of 15 day programmed neurotization on the functional activity of the peritoneal macrophages has been studied. The NBT-test and the adhesion measurements were used. The experimental neurosis resulted in the decrease of the macrophage functional activity and in leukopenia. Tuftsin did not restore the stress induced depression of macrophage activity but led to additional rise of the adrenal glands weight and to pronounced granulocyte-monocytosis. Pentapeptide analog of tuftsin gave the additional inhibition of NBT-activity of the macrophage. Heptapeptide analog favoured the restoration of the macrophage activity after neurotization and stimulated lymphopoiesis.     

Distribution and numbers of Ukrainian lamprey Eudontomyzon mariae (Petromyzontidae) in the upper Don basin

The characteristic of distribution of Ukrainian lamprey Eudontomyzon mariae in the upper Don basin is presented. The examined part of the basin covers territories of Kursk, Orel, Tula, Ryazan, Lipetsk, Tambov, and Voronezh oblasts. It is shown that, at the present time in the upper Don basin, restoration of the range and an increase in the numbers of Ukrainian lamprey is occurring. The main concentrations of the species were recorded in the Don and Krasivaya Mecha rivers and their tributaries. In the basin of the Sosna River—one of the largest tributaries of the Don—Ukrainian lamprey is very widely distributed, but its population remains small and rarified. To preserve the species in the upper Don basin, it is suggested—in addition to already existing specially protected natural territories—to organize new ones in some small rivers and in the upper reaches of the Krasivaya Mecha River. In case of emergence of technogenic catastrophes, they can serve as donors for the entire basin of the upper Don.     

Composition of ichthyofauna of the upper Don basin

The characteristic of species composition of ichthyofauna of the upper Don basin, including data on moderate and small rivers, is provided for the first time. The examined part of the basin embraces territories of Tula, Ryazan, Lipetsk, Tambov, and Voronezh oblasts. A total of 51 species—66.7% of the total number of species recorded in water courses of the entire Don basin—were recorded in the ichthyofauna of the region. The decrease in the number of species in the upper Don basin as compared to its other sections proceeds mainly at the expense of marine and euryhaline species, as well as due to anadromous acipenserids. In this part of the basin, a smaller number of invading species was also recorded. However, Amur sleeper Perccottus glenii that was not discovered so far in other parts of the basin has dispersed here sufficiently widely. The wide distribution of bearded stone loach Barbatula barbatula and minnow Phoxinus phoxinus can be possibly also considered a distinguishing feature of fish population of the upper reaches of the Don in relation to other sites.     

Industrial wetlands as refuges for bird biodiversity conservation in the forest-steppe zone

The rare bird fauna of industrial wetlands has been studied in the forest-steppe zone of European Russia during the nesting period. A total of 146 species have been recorded, including 40 rare species listed in the regional Red Data Books. Facts of their nesting (in many cases, exceptional in the region) have been revealed. Evidence is presented for the significance of industrial wetlands for the conservation and propagation of rare bird species.     

Genetic Diversity of the Chukotka–Kamchatka Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus,Falconiformes, Falconidae) Population,Based on an Analysis of Nuclear Microsatellite Loci

Biology Bulletin - Abstract—We identified the main genetic characteristics of the Kamchatka–Chukotka gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) population using nine nuclear microsatellite loci....     

Effects of heptapeptide of the tuftsin group with nootropic components of action and piracetam on formation of escape reaction in normal conditions and in conflict situation

In this work we have compared the effect of Tuftsin Group synthetic heptapeptide (TP-1) and Piracetam on learning of avoidance response and its restoring after disturbance provoked by unexpected changes of previously established cause-effect relations in experimental environment. We have pointed out that both of the drugs improve learning but the dynamics is different, namely: Piracetam causes the greatest improvement on the 1st day, meanwhile the Heptapeptide--on the 4th day. Both of them preclude from disturbing avoidance response and this protective action of peptide is more effective.