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1.
Hostile intercommunity relations, including attacking and killing extra-community infants of both sexes have occurred at most
wild chimpanzee sites. We describe three recent cases of intercommunity attacks on infants committed by members of the Ngogo
chimpanzee community in Kibale National Park, Uganda. Two of the attacks resulted in confirmed infanticides while a third
attack probably resulted in the infant's death. In common with previous accounts of chimpanzee infanticides, the attacks described
here occurred during boundary patrols outside the Ngogo community's usual range, adult and adolescent males were the main
participants, one infant was cannibalized after being killed, and the victims’ mothers did not accompany the attacking party
back to the Ngogo range. However, the patrol parties during each infanticide were larger than before and included females
from the Ngogo community. Our observations indirectly support both the range expansion and imbalance of power hypotheses,
which address why and under which conditions chimpanzee intercommunity encounters lead to aggression. These cases of intercommunity
infanticide add to the growing database of the phenomenon in wild chimpanzees. 相似文献
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James F. Richards Kulgite Lit Roland Fuca Catherine Bourgeault 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1981,99(4):1461-1467
Several species of ornithine decarboxylase were separated by chromatography of rat thymus and kidney extracts on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B. One major and one minor species were absent from thymus of rats two hours after hormone treatment but otherwise, the elution profile was identical to thymus from control animals. The elution patterns of ODC activity in kidneys of rats treated 2.5 or 5 hours before sacrifice with dexamethasone differ from that of control kidney and from each other. Enzyme from kidneys early after hormone treatment is eluted earlier than enzyme from control tissue, while at 5 hours, the enzyme is eluted much later than in the control. This suggests that the hormone-induced activity is subsequently modified. 相似文献
7.
IN addition to its well known antiviral activity, interferon has recently been shown to inhibit the multiplication of tumour and mammalian cells in cell culture1–6. We report here the inhibition by interferon of DNA synthesis induced in mouse spleen lymphocytes by the non-viral stimuli phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and allogeneic lymphocytes. These findings are in accord with our contention that interferon affects cell function and, furthermore, they suggest that by acting on lymphocytes, interferon plays a role in the immunological response of the host. 相似文献
8.
R.J. Ulvik I. Romslo F. Roland R.R. Crichton 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1981,677(1):50-56
Mitochondria mobilize iron from ferritin by a mechanism that depends on external FMN. With rat liver mitochondria, the rate of mobilization of iron is higher from rat liver ferritin than from horse spleen ferritin. With horse liver mitochondria, the rate of iron mobilization is higher from horse spleen ferritin than from rat liver ferritin. The results are explained by a higher affinity between mitochondria and ferritins of the same species. The mobilization of iron increases with the iron content of the ferritin and then levels off. A maximum is reached with ferritins containing about 1 200 iron atoms per molecule. The results represent further evidence that ferritin may function as a direct iron donor to the mitochondria. 相似文献
9.
The morphology and innervation of the six oculomotor muscles in the gobiid fishTridentiger trigonocephalus are described. Every rectus muscle is composed of two types of muscle fibres. Muscles attach onto the cartilaginous or fibrous
sclerotica. Oblique muscles attach onto the ethmoidal plate; recti muscles attach onto the parasphenoid or a thick fibrous
membrane. There is no myodome. The common oculomotor nerve is composed of four bundles, the trochlear and the externus of
two. The two kinds of fibres of the lateral rectus and the two distinct bundles of the nerve VI suggest a possible homology
between this muscle in fishes and the lateral rectus+retractor bulbi in mammals. 相似文献
10.
Highly oriented samples of lipid and gramicidin A' (8:1 molar ratio) have been prepared with the samples extensively hydrated (approximately 70% water v/w). These preparations have been shown to be completely in a bilayer phase with a transition temperature of 28 degrees C, and evidence is presented indicating that the gramicidin is in the channel conformation. An estimate of the disorder in the alignment of the bilayers parallel with the glass plates used to align the bilayers can be made from the asymmetry of the nuclear magnetic resonances (NMR). Such an analysis indicates a maximal range of disorder of +/- 3 degrees. Uniformly 15N-labeled gramicidin has been biosynthesized by Bacillus brevis grown in a media containing 15N-labeled Escherichia coli cells as the only nitrogen source. When prepared with labeled gramicidin, the oriented samples result in high-resolution 15N NMR spectra showing 12 resonances for the 20 nitrogen sites of the polypeptide. The frequency of the three major multiple resonance peaks has been interpreted to yield the approximate orientation of the N-H bonds in the peptide linkages with respect to the magnetic field. These bond orientations are only partially consistent with the extant structural models of gramicidin. 相似文献