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The second complete genome of bluetongue virus serotype 9 (BTV-9) is presented in this report. The sequence analysis points to continued circulation in India of a mixed topotype virus apparently belonging to the BTV-9 serotype, and it raises questions about approaches for serotyping bluetongue viruses. 相似文献
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Bleavins K Perone P Naik M Rehman M Aslam MN Dame MK Meshinchi S Bhagavathula N Varani J 《Biological trace element research》2012,145(2):257-267
The purpose of this study was to assess insoluble salts containing gadolinium (Gd3+) for effects on human dermal fibroblasts. Responses to insoluble Gd3+ salts were compared to responses seen with Gd3+ solubilized with organic chelators, as in the Gd3+-based contrast agents (GBCAs) used for magnetic resonance imaging. Insoluble particles of either Gd3+ phosphate or Gd3+ carbonate rapidly attached to the fibroblast cell surface and stimulated proliferation. Growth was observed at Gd3+ concentrations between 12.5 and 125 μM, with toxicity at higher concentrations. Such a narrow window did not characterize
GBCA stimulation. Proliferation induced by insoluble Gd3+ salts was inhibited in the presence of antagonists of mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
signaling pathways (similar to chelated Gd3+) but was not blocked by an antibody to the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (different from chelated Gd3+). Finally, high concentrations of the insoluble Gd3+ salts failed to prevent fibroblast lysis under low-Ca2+ conditions, while similar concentrations of chelated Gd3+ were effective. In conclusion, while insoluble Gd3+ salts are capable of stimulating fibroblast proliferation, one should be cautious in assuming that GBCA dechelation must
occur in vivo to produce the profibrotic changes seen in association with GBCA exposure in the subset of renal failure patients
that develop nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. 相似文献
4.
Michael K. Dame Tejaswi Paruchuri Marissa DaSilva Narasimharao Bhagavathula William Ridder James Varani 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal》2009,45(9):551-557
Göttingen minipigs were treated topically for 6 d with a novel retinoid (MDI 301) at concentrations ranging from 0.3% to 30% in cream vehicle. Treatment of the minipigs did not adversely affect their health (hematological and necropsy parameters) or produce changes in the skin suggestive of retinoid-induced skin irritation. After killing the animals, skin samples from each treatment site were excised and maintained in organ culture for 6 d. In addition, untreated skin was also maintained in organ culture and treated with MDI 301 (0.1–5 μg/ml). After 3 d, the culture supernatants were collected and analyzed for levels of collagen type I and for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Both skin samples treated in vivo and skin samples exposed to MDI 301 in culture demonstrated increased collagen production. Only slight changes in levels of MMP-2 (gelatinase A) or MMP-9 (gelatinase B) were seen. After 6 d, the organ-cultured skin was fixed in formalin and prepared for histology. The organ-cultured skin was compared to skin that was fixed at killing after in vivo treatment. Epidermal hyperplasia was quantified at various MDI 301 concentrations. In vivo and in vitro treatments showed similar results—although the thickness was not substantially changed on average, there were focal areas of hyperplasia at higher retinoid concentrations. Taken together, these data suggest that MDI 301 enhances collagen production in minipig skin, without irritation. Furthermore, these studies suggest that minipig skin exposed to the retinoid in organ culture is equally predictive as topically treated skin. The in vitro organ culture approach may provide a cost-effective alternative model to that of the intact animal for skin retinoid testing. 相似文献
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Rajan Sharma Ram P. Thakur Senapathy Senthilvel Spurthi Nayak S. Veera Reddy Veeranki Panduranga Rao Rajeev K. Varshney 《Mycopathologia》2011,171(3):223-230
Fusarium species are dominant within the sorghum grain mold complex. Some species of Fusarium involved in grain mold complex produce mycotoxins, such as fumonisins. An attempt was made to identify Fusarium spp. associated with grain mold complex in major sorghum-growing areas in India through AFLP-based grouping of the isolates
and to further confirm the species by sequencing part of α-Elongation factor gene and comparing the sequences with that available in the NCBI database. The dendrogram generated from the AFLP data clustered
the isolates into 5 groups. Five species of Fusarium—F. proliferatum, F. thapsinum, F. equiseti, F. andiyazi and F. sacchari were identified based on sequence similarity of α-Elongation factor gene of the test isolates with those in the NCBI database. Fusarium thapsinum was identified as predominant species in Fusarium—grain mold complex in India and F. proliferatum as highly toxigenic for fumonisins production. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed 54% of the variation in the
AFLP patterns of 63 isolates was due to the differences between Fusarium species, and 46% was due to differences between the strains within a species. 相似文献
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Narasimharao V. Marella Brandon Seifert Priyadharsini Nagarajan Satrajit Sinha Ronald Berezney 《Journal of cellular physiology》2009,221(1):139-146
Undifferentiated human epidermal keratinocytes are self‐renewing stem cells that can be induced to undergo a program of differentiation by varying the calcium chloride concentration in the culture media. We utilize this model of cell differentiation and a 3D chromosome painting technique to document significant changes in the radial arrangement, morphology, and interchromosomal associations between the gene poor chromosome 18 and the gene rich chromosome 19 territories at discrete stages during keratinocyte differentiation. We suggest that changes observed in chromosomal territorial organization provides an architectural basis for genomic function during cell differentiation and provide further support for a chromosome territory code that contributes to gene expression at the global level. J. Cell. Physiol. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 139–146, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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Michael K. Dame Narasimharao Bhagavathula Cohra Mankey Marissa DaSilva Tejaswi Paruchuri Muhammad Nadeem Aslam James Varani 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal》2010,46(2):114-122
Normal and neoplastic human colon tissue obtained at surgery was used to establish conditions for organ culture. Optimal conditions
included an atmosphere of 5% CO2 and 95% O2; tissue partially submerged with mucosa at the gas interface; and serum-free medium with 1.5 mM Ca2+ and a number of growth supplements. Histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical features that distinguish normal
and neoplastic tissue were preserved over a 2-d period. With normal tissue, this included the presence of elongated crypts
with small, densely packed cells at the crypt base and mucin-containing goblet cells in the upper portion. Ki67 staining,
for proliferating cells, was confined to the lower third of the crypt, while expression of extracellular calcium-sensing receptor
was seen in the upper third and surface epithelium. E-cadherin and β-catenin were expressed throughout the epithelium and
confined to the cell surface. In tumor tissue, the same disorganized, abnormal glandular structures seen at time zero were
present after 2 d. The majority of cells in these structures were mucin-poor, but occasional goblet cells were seen and mucin
staining was present. Ki67 staining was seen throughout the abnormal epithelium and calcium-sensing receptor expression was
weak and variable. E-cadherin was seen at the cell surface (similar to normal tissue), but in some places, there was diffuse
cytoplasmic staining. Finally, intense cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin staining was observed in cultured neoplastic tissue. 相似文献
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Muralidhar?Metta Sriramana?Kanginakudru Narasimharao?Gudiseva Javaregowda?NagarajuEmail author 《Genome biology》2004,5(4):P8
Molecular characterization of cattle breeds is important for the prevention of germplasm erosion by cross breeding. The present
study was carried out to characterize two Indian cattle breeds, Ongole and Deoni using microsatellite markers. Using 5 di-and
5 tri- nucleotide repeat loci, 17 Ongole and 13 Deoni unrelated individuals were studied. Of the ten loci, eight revealed
polymorphism in both the breeds. The di-nucleotide repeats loci were found to be more polymorphic (100%) than tri-nucleotide
repeat loci (60%). A total of 39 polymorphic alleles were obtained at 4.5 alleles per locus in Ongole and 4.1 in Deoni. The
average expected heterozygosity was 0.46 (+0.1) and 0.50 (+0.1) in Ongole and Deoni breeds, respectively. The PIC values of the polymorphic loci ranged from 0.15 to 0.79 in Ongole and
0.13 to 0.80 in Deoni breeds. Six Ongole specific and three Deoni specific alleles were identified. The two breeds showed
a moderate genetic relationship between themselves with a F
ST
value of 0.10. 相似文献
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Sushila Maan Narender S. Maan Manjunatha N. Belaganahalli Pavuluri Panduranga Rao Karam Pal Singh Divakar Hemadri Kalyani Putty Aman Kumar Kanisht Batra Yadlapati Krishnajyothi Bharat S. Chandel G. Hanmanth Reddy Kyriaki Nomikou Yella Narasimha Reddy Houssam Attoui Nagendra R. Hegde Peter P. C. Mertens 《PloS one》2015,10(6)
Since 1998 there have been significant changes in the global distribution of bluetongue virus (BTV). Ten previously exotic BTV serotypes have been detected in Europe, causing severe disease outbreaks in naïve ruminant populations. Previously exotic BTV serotypes were also identified in the USA, Israel, Australia and India. BTV is transmitted by biting midges (Culicoides spp.) and changes in the distribution of vector species, climate change, increased international travel and trade are thought to have contributed to these events. Thirteen BTV serotypes have been isolated in India since first reports of the disease in the country during 1964. Efficient methods for preparation of viral dsRNA and cDNA synthesis, have facilitated full-genome sequencing of BTV strains from the region. These studies introduce a new approach for BTV characterization, based on full-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, facilitating the identification of BTV serotype, topotype and reassortant strains. Phylogenetic analyses show that most of the equivalent genome-segments of Indian BTV strains are closely related, clustering within a major eastern BTV ‘topotype’. However, genome-segment 5 (Seg-5) encoding NS1, from multiple post 1982 Indian isolates, originated from a western BTV topotype. All ten genome-segments of BTV-2 isolates (IND2003/01, IND2003/02 and IND2003/03) are closely related (>99% identity) to a South African BTV-2 vaccine-strain (western topotype). Similarly BTV-10 isolates (IND2003/06; IND2005/04) show >99% identity in all genome segments, to the prototype BTV-10 (CA-8) strain from the USA. These data suggest repeated introductions of western BTV field and/or vaccine-strains into India, potentially linked to animal or vector-insect movements, or unauthorised use of ‘live’ South African or American BTV-vaccines in the country. The data presented will help improve nucleic acid based diagnostics for Indian serotypes/topotypes, as part of control strategies. 相似文献
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Xiaohua Huang Cliff C. Cheng Thierry O. Fischmann José S. Duca Matthew Richards Praveen K. Tadikonda Panduranga Adulla Reddy Lianyun Zhao M. Arshad Siddiqui David Parry Nicole Davis Wolfgang Seghezzi Derek Wiswell Gerald W. Shipps 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2013,23(9):2590-2594
Drug design efforts in the emerging 2-aminothiazole-4-carboxamide class of CHK1 inhibitors have uncovered specific combinations of key substructures within the molecule; resulting in significant improvements in cell-based activity while retaining a greater than one hundred-fold selectivity against CDK2. The X-ray crystal structure of a complex between compound 39 and the CHK1 protein detailing a ‘U-shaped’ topology and key interactions with the protein surface at the ATP site is also reported. 相似文献