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1.
A combination of methods (intensity of indication, floristic and mesological redundancy analysis, beta-diversity analysis, principal components analysis and Wildi's interactive ranking procedure) were used to evaluate redundancy and relative phytoecological importance among 80 climatic variables in Galicia (N.W. Spain). The information they contained was found to be adequately summarized by just 3 factors thought to play a major role in regulating the distribution of the species considered in the study area and similar areas: Baudiere's QE index, mean minimum temperature in the coldest month and mean temperature range in the coldest month. For these three factors, phytoclimatic thresholds were determined by examining beta-diversity and were used to define phytoclimatic zone types.
Resumen Se valora la redundancia e importancia fitoecológica relative de 80 variables climáticas en Galicia (N.O. de España) empleando una combinacion de diferentes metodos (intensidad indicadora, análisis de la redundancia florística y mesológica, análisis de beta-diversidad, análisis de componentes principales y el método de ordenación interactiva de Wildi). La información contenida en esta variables es adecuadamente resumida por 3 factores que juegan un papel predominante en regular la distribución de las especies consideradas en el area de estudio y areas similares: el índice QE de Baudiere, la temperatura media de las mínimas del mes más frío y la oscilación térmica del mes más frío. Para estos factores el análisis de la beta-diversidad permitió determinar los umbrales fitoclimáticos utilizados en la definición y cartografía de las zonas fitoclimáticas.相似文献
2.
The structures of 7-oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane and its 4-oxa, 3-ethylene-4-oxa, and 3-ethylene-6-methyl-4-oxa derivatives, and of 8-oxo-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]octane and its 5-oxa derivative, were studied by ab initio methods. Conformations were refined without constraints using the 4-21G and the 4-21G* basis sets, and energies and charge distributions were improved by single-point 6-31G*/4-21G* calculations. The results are are interpreted in terms of structural trends related to beta-lactamase inhibitor capability. 相似文献
3.
The nitrogen isotope ratio (δ15N) in tissues of native macroalgae was evaluated as a means of indicating the intensity and spatial extent of organic contamination due to disposal of waste from land-based marine fish farms (LBMFFs). Three species of macroalgae from the genus Fucus and the green macroalgae Codium tomentosum were selected for study. The study was carried out at seven flat marine fish farms located in Galicia (NW Spain). Tests were carried out to determine the intra-annual variation in δ15N values and any differences between selected macroalgae. The δ15N values enrichment was observed close to the disposal point, and δ15N values varied more widely throughout the year (±5.57 ‰) at sites affected by the marine fish farm effluent compared to natural conditions (±2 ‰). No significant differences in the isotopic signals were observed in the different species studied (standard major axis). The δ15N values of macroalgae may be an ideal means of detecting the presence of LBMFFs effluents. 相似文献
4.
The marine bacterial fatty acid 9-methyl-10-hexadecenoic acid was conveniently prepared in 6 steps and in a 22% overall yield, starting from commercially available methyl 10-hydroxydecanoate. The naturally occurring fatty acid has the E double bond configuration as confirmed by gas chromatographic co-elution experiments. 相似文献
5.
New advances in the chemistry of methoxylated lipids 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Carballeira NM 《Progress in lipid research》2002,41(6):2841-456
Methoxylated lipids have been reviewed emphasizing the alkylglycerol ethers and fatty acids bearing the methoxy group in the alkyl chain. The literature on methoxylated lipids and their derivatives has been divided into four main groups, namely 2-methoxylated alkyl glycerols, ω-methoxylated fatty acids, mid-chain methoxylated fatty acids, and -methoxylated fatty acids. The natural occurrence, biological activity, and synthesis of this interesting group of lipids are discussed. Most of these compounds have been isolated from either bacterial or marine sources, but others are mainly of synthetic origin. Among the interesting biological activities displayed by these compounds the most important are antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor, and antiviral. 相似文献
6.
Steve Horvath Abu NM Nazmul-Hossain Rodney PE Pollard Frans GM Kroese Arjan Vissink Cees GM Kallenberg Fred KL Spijkervet Hendrika Bootsma Sara A Michie Sven U Gorr Ammon B Peck Chaochao Cai Hui Zhou David TW Wong 《Arthritis research & therapy》2012,14(6):1-13
Bone tissue has an exceptional quality to regenerate to native tissue in response to injury. However, the fracture repair process requires mechanical stability or a viable biological microenvironment or both to ensure successful healing to native tissue. An improved understanding of the molecular and cellular events that occur during bone repair and remodeling has led to the development of biologic agents that can augment the biological microenvironment and enhance bone repair. Orthobiologics, including stem cells, osteoinductive growth factors, osteoconductive matrices, and anabolic agents, are available clinically for accelerating fracture repair and treatment of compromised bone repair situations like delayed unions and nonunions. Preclinical and clinical studies using biologic agents like recombinant bone morphogenetic proteins have demonstrated an efficacy similar or better than that of autologous bone graft in acute fracture healing. A lack of standardized outcome measures for comparison of biologic agents in clinical fracture repair trials, frequent off-label use, and a limited understanding of the biological activity of these agents at the bone repair site have limited their efficacy in clinical applications. 相似文献
7.
M Imboden A Nieters AJ Bircher M Brutsche N Becker M Wjst U Ackermann-Liebrich W Berger NM Probst-Hensch 《Clinical and molecular allergy : CMA》2006,4(1):1-9
Background
Avoidance of allergens is still recommended as the first and best way to prevent allergic illnesses and their comorbid diseases. Despite a variety of attempts there has been very limited success in the area of environmental control of allergic disease. Our objective was to identify a non-invasive, non-pharmacological method to reduce indoor allergen loads in atopic persons' homes and public environments. We employed a novel in vivo approach to examine the possibility of using aluminum sulfate to control environmental allergens.Methods
Fifty skin test reactive patients were simultaneously skin tested with conventional test materials and the actions of the protein/glycoprotein modifier, aluminum sulfate. Common allergens, dog, cat, dust mite, Alternaria, and cockroach were used in the study.Results
Skin test reactivity was significantly reduced by the modifier aluminum sulfate. Our studies demonstrate that the effects of histamine were not affected by the presence of aluminum sulfate. In fact, skin test reactivity was reduced independent of whether aluminum sulfate was present in the allergen test material or removed prior to testing, indicating that the allergens had in some way been inactivated.Conclusion
Aluminum sulfate was found to reduce the in vivo allergic reaction cascade induced by skin testing with common allergens. The exact mechanism is not clear but appears to involve the alteration of IgE-binding epitopes on the allergen. Our results indicate that it may be possible to diminish the allergenicity of an environment by application of the active agent aluminum sulfate, thus producing environmental control without complete removal of the allergen. 相似文献8.
Estimating plant responses to climate by direct gradient analysis and geographic distribution analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We characterised the climatic behaviour of 53 woody species in terms of the climatic factors that play the main role in controlling
species distribution in the study area. Floristic and climatic data were obtained from 150 stands in sites under climatic
control (i.e. eu-climatopes). The sampling strategy used allowed a reliable match between floristic and climatic observations.
Different methods of frequency analysis and goodness-of-fit tests were used to identify associations between species occurrence
and climatic characteristics. The species' responses were summarised by statistics describing ecological preferences and amplitudes,
and species were grouped accordingly. A Gaussian response model was fitted to the abundance data along the main climatic gradients
for selected species and response surfaces were derived by spatial analysis for a set of indicator species. Frequency analysis
methods detected 42 indicator taxa for the Baudiere's Qe drought index, and lower numbers, 34 and 22, respectively, for the mean minimum coldest-month temperature and the daily temperature
range in the coldest month. Goodness-of-fit tests revealed a lower number of ecological profiles with statistically significant
deviations from equidistribution. We discuss the relative performance of the different methods and suggest that the combined
use of statistical tests and frequency analyses may improve estimation of the environmental requirements of species. We also
recommend using the species' responses to key environmental factors as reliable criteria in the definition of plant functional
types.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
9.
Omar JM Hamza Mecky IN Matee Mainen J Moshi Elison NM Simon Ferdinand Mugusi Frans HM Mikx Wim H van Palenstein Helderman Antonius JMM Rijs André JAM van der Ven Paul E Verweij 《BMC microbiology》2008,8(1):135
Background
In Tanzania, little is known on the species distribution and antifungal susceptibility profiles of yeast isolates from HIV-infected patients with primary and recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis. 相似文献10.
Néstor M. Carballeira Nashbly Montano Christopher Fernández Prada 《Chemistry and physics of lipids》2009,161(1):38-6155
The first total synthesis for the (Z)-17-methyl-13-octadecenoic acid was accomplished in seven steps and in a 45% overall yield. The use of (trimethylsilyl)acetylene was key in the synthesis. Based on a previous developed strategy in our laboratory the best synthetic route towards the title compound was first acetylide coupling of (trimethylsilyl)acetylene to the long-chain protected 12-bromo-1-dodecanol followed by a second acetylide coupling to the short-chain 3-methyl-1-bromobutane, which resulted in higher yields. Complete spectral data is also presented for the first time for this recently discovered fatty acid. The title compound displayed antiprotozoal activity against Leishmania donovani (EC50 = 19.8 μg/ml) and inhibited the leishmania DNA topoisomerase IB at concentrations of 50 μM. 相似文献