全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10866篇 |
免费 | 851篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
11723篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 72篇 |
2022年 | 186篇 |
2021年 | 280篇 |
2020年 | 156篇 |
2019年 | 282篇 |
2018年 | 310篇 |
2017年 | 276篇 |
2016年 | 399篇 |
2015年 | 624篇 |
2014年 | 633篇 |
2013年 | 822篇 |
2012年 | 954篇 |
2011年 | 899篇 |
2010年 | 556篇 |
2009年 | 537篇 |
2008年 | 649篇 |
2007年 | 660篇 |
2006年 | 558篇 |
2005年 | 501篇 |
2004年 | 444篇 |
2003年 | 401篇 |
2002年 | 368篇 |
2001年 | 94篇 |
2000年 | 60篇 |
1999年 | 82篇 |
1998年 | 93篇 |
1997年 | 67篇 |
1996年 | 61篇 |
1995年 | 67篇 |
1994年 | 62篇 |
1993年 | 42篇 |
1992年 | 55篇 |
1991年 | 41篇 |
1990年 | 28篇 |
1989年 | 42篇 |
1988年 | 24篇 |
1987年 | 27篇 |
1986年 | 27篇 |
1985年 | 31篇 |
1984年 | 19篇 |
1983年 | 27篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 18篇 |
1979年 | 23篇 |
1978年 | 15篇 |
1977年 | 15篇 |
1974年 | 15篇 |
1972年 | 11篇 |
1968年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Emma Bricchi Marco Fornaciari Claudia Giannoni Francesca Greco Daniela Fascini Giuseppe Frenguelli Gianfranco Mincigrucci Bruno Romano 《Aerobiologia》1992,8(3):401-406
Summary Gramineae pollination from a pollen monitoring station located in the eastern suburb of Perugia and meteorological correlations are reported. The data refers to the year 1989. Grass pollen peak pollination was from May to July; in this period the influence of relative humidity and of temperature on pollen concentration was very high. Phenological observations, to identify the time of maximum stamen extension in the most common genera in the area, are also reported. During the period of investigation the counts of pollen grains over four-hour periods showed a regular diurnal rhythm with peaks of concentration in the four-hour period 16.00–20.00. Aerosporological data and meteorological data related to four-hour periods were correlated following different criteria. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
Alberto Buson Alessandro Negro Luigi Grassato Massimo Tagliaro Marina Basaglia Claudio Grandi Angelo Fontana Marco P. Nuti 《FEMS microbiology letters》1996,145(1):55-62
Abstract A clone positive for d-carbamoylase activity (2.7 kb Hin dIII- Bam H1 DNA fragment) was obtained by screening a genomic library of Agrobacterium radiobacter in Escherichia coli . This DNA fragment contains an open reading frame of 912 bp which is predicted to encode a peptide of 304 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 34247 Da. The d-carbamoylase gene. named cauA , was placed under the control of T7 RNA-dependent promoter and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). After induction with isopropyl-thio-β-d-galactopyranoside, the synthesis of d-carbamoylase in E. coli reached about 40% of the total protein. The expressed protein was shown to possess a molecular mass, on SDS-PAGE, of 36 kDa and showed an enhanced allowed us to establish that a Pro14 →Leu14 exchange leads to an inactive enzyme species, while a Cys279 →Ser279 exchange did not impair the functional properties of the enxyme. 相似文献
5.
Giorgio Trinchieri Marek Kubin Graziella Bellone Marco A. Cassatella 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》1993,53(4):301-308
Cytokines represent one of the most important elements in the communication among different cell types. They play an increasingly better understood role in the communication among hematopoietic cells and in particular in the reciprocal regulation of effector cell types of innate or natural resistance (phagocytic cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells) and those of adaptive immunity (T and B lymphocytes). Lymphocytes produce several cytokines with either stimulatory (e.g., colony stimulatory factor) or suppressive (e.g., tumor necrosis factors and interferons) effects on proliferation of early hematopoietic cells. Many of these cytokines, alone or acting in synergistic combinations, also have a differentiation-inducing ability on immature myeloid cells and act as powerful potentiators of the cellular functions of terminally differentiated phagocytic cells. The communication between lymphocytes and phagocytic cells is not unidirectional, as phagocytic cells produce factors that regulate lymphocyte activation. In addition to their role as antigen presenting cells expressing costimulatory accessory molecules and secreting cytokines (e.g., IL-1, IL-6, TNF), phagocytic cells have been recently shown to produce Natural Killer cell Stimulatory Factor (NKSF/IL-12). IL-12 is a heterodimeric cytokine with important modulatory functions on cytotoxicity of NK and T cells, lymphocyte proliferation, lymphokine production, and development of T helper cell subsets. These communications between phagocytic cells and lymphocytes are further regulated by negative and positive feedback mechanisms that contribute to maintain the homeostasis of the system in physiologic conditions and to govern the changes in this equilibrium needed for the response to infectious or other foreign agents. 相似文献
6.
On the solution of mathematical models of herd immunity in human helminth infections 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marco V. José 《Journal of mathematical biology》1989,27(6):707-715
The general solution of the mathematical model of herd immunity to human helminth infections recently proposed by Anderson and May [3] is obtained. The numerical solution of a more accurate biological model is indistinguishable from the corresponding exact solution of a more tractable mathematical model. Computer simulations of some particular cases of this model support the notion that both ecological and immunological factors determine the observed convex patterns of age-prevalence and age-intensity curves of human helminth infections.This work was made thanks to the advise and support of Dr. Robert M. May while the author was Postdoctoral Fellow at Princeton University 相似文献
7.
Role of mevalonate-5-pyrophosphate decarboxylase in the regulation of chick intestinal cholesterogenesis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
D Gonzalez-Pacanowska C Marco J Garcia-Martinez E Garcia-Peregrin 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》1985,833(3):449-455
The response to different dietary conditions of the enzymes responsible for the transformation of mevalonic acid to isopentenyl pyrophosphate has been studied for the first time in the small bowel of the chick to elucidate the role of these enzymes in the regulation of intestinal cholesterogenesis. Feeding a 2% cholesterol diet from hatching resulted in a small but significant inhibition of mevalonate-5-pyrophosphate decarboxylase, while mevalonate kinase and mevalonate-5-phosphate kinase remained unaltered. Similar results were obtained for the three enzymes when 13-day-old chicks fed a standard fat-free diet were switched to a 5% cholesterol diet. Starved chicks exhibited lower intestinal decarboxylase activity than chicks fed a standard diet, while refeeding resulted in levels of activity similar or slightly greater than controls. None of the enzymes effecting the conversion of mevalonate to isopentenyl pyrophosphate in the small intestine presented diurnal variations. Results obtained suggest that mevalonate-5-pyrophosphate decarboxylase may play a significant role in the regulation of cholesterol synthesis in the small intestine. 相似文献
8.
9.
Summary Kidney cells from primary cultures of 15-day old mouse embryos were incubated for 2, 5 or 10 min with H3-uridine, then either fixed immediately or incubated again for various periods in a chase medium containing an excess of unlabeled uridine and cytidine. The number of grains over the non-nucleolar part of the nucleus (chromatin), the nucleolus and the cytoplasm were counted on the autoradiograms.The grain count showed that both chromatin and nucleolus incorporate very rapidly H3-uridine from the medium, whereas a time lag elapses before any H3-radioactivity above background is detected in the cytoplasm. Incorporation of H3-uridine into the RNA of the nucleus and the nucleolus is not immediately blocked after chase, suggesting that the labeled precursor pool is not completely washed out from the living cell, or diluted by the excess of unlabeled uridine present in the medium. The grain count over the nucleus and the nucleolus rises for a certain time after chase and then gradually declines; H3-radioactivity appears in the cytoplasm 10 min after chase and keeps rising through a 110-min interval. The experiment, then — even though it suggests that the bulk of cellular RNA is synthesized in the chromatin and the nucleolus and then continuously released into the cytoplasm — does not rule out the possibility that some RNA fraction, characterized by a low turnover rate, is synthesized independently in the cytoplasm.Synthesis of RNA is a continuous process throughout the cell cycle, except during metaphase and anaphase. It ceases at prometaphase after the disappearance of the nucleolus and disintegration of the nuclear membrane, and resumes in early telophase. Part of the chromosomal RNA does not remain associated with the chromosomes through division, but is suddenly released into the cytoplasm when the cell enters metaphase. 相似文献
10.
Mechanisms by which EGF receptor and TGF alpha contribute to malignant transformation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
E Di Marco J H Pierce S A Aaronson P P Di Fiore 《Natural immunity and cell growth regulation》1990,9(3):209-221
Alterations affecting the epidermal growth factor/transforming growth factor alpha-responsive mitogenic pathway are frequently detected in malignancies. In particular, the epidermal growth factor receptor has been found overexpressed in a number of human tumors. Production and secretion of transforming growth factor type alpha has also been shown in several tumor cells but not in their normal counterparts. In this review we describe the establishment of in vitro model systems to study the transforming potential of these molecules and summarize our current understanding of the mechanisms involved in transformation by genes encoding a growth factor and a growth factor receptor. 相似文献