红豆草组织培养物的超低温保存及其超微结构的观察

红豆草(Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.)组织培养物在5%DMSO+10%甘油+8%蔗糖的冰冻保护剂及以1℃/分钟的速度降温到-35—-40℃,停留2小时后,投入液氮,40℃水浴快速化冻等条件下,存活率达60—70%,并保持了高的分化能力。电子显微镜的观察结果表明,快速冰冻和1℃/分钟慢速冰冻至-35℃—40℃不停留,对细胞结构造成严重的致死性破坏;-35℃停留30分钟对细胞结构的损伤是可逆性的;停留2小时的其超微结构基本上与对照材料无明显差别。     

微管的冷稳定性与植物抗寒性关系的研究

利用间接免疫荧光的细胞化学技术对番茄、黄瓜、菠菜、甜菜及小麦等不同抗寒性植物微管的冷稳性进行了比较研究。结果指出,不抗寒的喜温性植物番茄和黄瓜的气孔保卫细胞的微管在0℃—1℃冷处理3小时即解聚;属于中等抗寒性植物的菠菜和甜菜幼苗经秋季低温锻炼后,其气孔保卫细胞的微管在0℃和—5℃低温处理3小时,均不发生解聚;具有较强抗寒性的冬小麦品种农大139幼苗在2—3℃低温锻炼期间,微管结构保持完整,经过15天低温锻炼的幼苗在-8℃冰冻处理3小时,微管也不受破坏。这些结果表明,微管的冷稳性与植物的抗寒性成正相关。     

金黄色葡萄球菌儿童临床分离株携带PVL基因状况的分析

目的了解金黄色葡萄球菌儿童分离株携带Panton-Valentine杀白细胞素（PVL）基因的状况及感染类型。方法采用多重PCR同时检测金黄色葡萄球菌16SrRNA基因、PVL基因和mecA基因;多重PCR检测MR—SA的SCCmec基因型及亚型。结果66株金黄色葡萄球菌JL童临床分离株经多重PCR检测,其中MRSA有7株（10．6％）,MSSA有59株（89．4％）;携带PVL基因金黄色葡萄球菌有31株,总阳性率为47．O％（31／66）,其中2株为MRSA,29株为MSSA,阳性率分别为28．6％（2／7）和49。2％（29／59）。2株MRSA都属于SCCmecIV型;31株PVL基因阳性分离株有21株分离自脓液,7株分离自血液,仅1株分离自痰液。结论儿童MSSA是携带PVL基因的主要菌株,携带PVL基因的金黄色葡萄球菌主要引起化脓性感染和血流感染。     

镉和锌在皖景天细胞内的分布及化学形态

运用差速离心法和化学试剂逐步提取法,分析了Cd和Zn在皖景天根、茎和叶的亚细胞分布及其化学形态.结果表明:10 μmol·L^-1 Cd处理下,Cd在皖景天细胞内的主要分布位点是其可溶部分;在100 μmol·L^-1 Cd处理下,Cd在根中主要分布在细胞壁、茎中主要分布在细胞壁和可溶部分、叶中超过90%的Cd分布在可溶部分.高Cd浓度处理时,皖景天根、茎和叶的细胞壁中Cd分布比例增加,而可溶部分Cd分布比例相对减少.在1和800 μmol·L^-1 Zn处理条件下,Zn在皖景天根、茎和叶的主要分布位点是可溶部分;高Zn浓度处理时,皖景天叶、茎和根的可溶部分和细胞壁中Zn的分布比例无明显变化.细胞器中Zn和Cd分布都很少.Cd在皖景天根、茎和叶内主要以氯化钠提取态和水提取态存在,Zn在皖景天根、茎和叶内以多种化学形态存在.     

一株弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌中检出新ampC基因

目的探讨1株耐亚胺培南弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌的耐药机制。方法采用浓度梯度法（Etest）检测对抗菌药物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。通过金属酶初筛试验（协同法）检测金属酶;改良Hoged试验检测碳青霉烯酶;头孢西丁三维试验检测AmpC酶;聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测耐药基因;DNA测序决定基因型;接合试验检测耐药基因的转移性。结果弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌临床分离株NC118对亚胺培南的MIC为〉16μg/ml,金属酶初筛试验阴性,Hoged表型确证试验碳青霉烯酶阳性,AmpC酶阳性,PCR扩增及测序显示含有blaKPC-2、blaAmpC基因,该菌株所产AmpC酶基因与CMY-45型AmpC酶（GenBank：ACU00152.1）比较有5个氨基酸发生了改变,该blaCMY-2-like基因为一个新型的AmpC酶基因。结论在弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌中发现一种新的ampC基因（blaCMY-49）。     

232株金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布特征及耐药性分析

目的了解金黄色葡萄球菌(金葡菌)临床分离株的感染分布特点及耐药现状,以便为临床感染治疗及预防提供帮助。方法收集南昌大学第二附属医院2007年1月至2009年12月临床分离的非重复金葡菌232株。常规方法进行菌株分离,血浆凝固酶、金葡菌单克隆抗体及Vitek-32型仪进行菌株鉴定,纸片扩散法测定菌株对抗菌药物的敏感性,头孢西丁法检测耐甲氧西林金葡菌(MRSA),WHONET5.5软件分析数据。结果下呼吸道标本中分离的金葡菌最多,占44.0%,其次是脓液(20.3%)和血液(18.1%)。232株金葡菌中共检测到MRSA 131株(56.6%),金葡菌对青霉素的耐药率最高(90.0%),对庆大霉素、左氧氟沙星、克林霉素、红霉素和四环素的耐药率均50.0%;耐药率在10.0%~50.0%的有阿米卡星、复方磺胺甲噁唑和夫西地酸;对替考拉宁耐药率非常低(1.3%);未出现耐万古霉素的菌株。结论下呼吸道及皮肤软组织是金葡菌的主要感染部位;金葡菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药率近3年来趋于稳定,糖肽类抗菌药物对其仍有非常强的抗菌活性。     

Electron Microscopic Cytochemical Study of Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Phosphodiesterase Activity During Gold Acclimation of Wheat Seedlings

Comparative studies on localization and distribution of cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase (cAMP-PDEase) activity in the young leaf cells of two different cold resistant wheat (Triticum aestivurn L.) varieties during cold acclimation were carried out by means of ultracytochemical method. The results indicated that the reaction products of cAMP- PDEase activity in two varieties of the seedlings grown at optimum temperature (20–25℃) were mainly localized at plasmalemma, nucleoli and chromatin. When the wheat seedlings were subjected to low temperature acclimation, cAM P-PDEase activity in the strong cold resistant variety Yanda 1817 seedlings was markedly decreased; however, little alteration of this enzyme activity was observed in the weak cold resistant variety Zhengzhou 39-1. cAMP-PDEase activity was recovered after deacclimation. The results suggested that changes in cAMP-PDEase activity during cold acclimation were closely related to the development of plant cold hardiness.     

Electron Microscopic Cytochemical Studies on the Glycoproteins in Cellular Membranes of Winter Wheat Seedlings with Concanavalin A-Horseradish Peroxidase Method

The localization and distribution of the glycoproteins in cellular membranes of strong cold hardy winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Yanda 1817) seedlings were studied employing the modified cytochemical method using Concanavalin A-Horseradish peroxidase conjugates. The results obtained showed that the reaction products of Horseradish peroxidase activity which indicated the presence of glycoproteins appeared as individual particles distributed at plasmalemma, endoplasmic reticulmn, nuclear envelope and tonoplast in the leaflet cells of the seedlings grown under optimum temperature 25℃ day/20℃ night. After cold acclimation of the seedlings at low temperature during late autumn and early winter, the quantity of glycoproteins distributed in endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope was significantly increased, and glycoproteins were transported into almost all of the plasmodesmata. At some sites of mitochondria and plastides newly formed glycoproteins were observed. However, no distribution of glycoproteins was for,nd in Golgi bodies during the whole observations. The role of glycoproteins for the development and stability of cold resistance in plant through blocking up the plasmodesma passage in the overwintering period of winter wheat seedlings, and the possible differences of the synthetic site and transportation pathway of glycoproteins between animal and plant systems were discussed.     

Isolation and Identification of Antifreeze Protein with High Activity in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus

The authors have isolated and partial purified antifreeze protein antifreeze protein (AFP) produced endogenously in Arnrnopiptanthus rnongolicus. The results show that the partial purified AFP ranged in size including 45.7 kD, 81.2 kD, and so on. At 50 mg/mL protein concentration, the temperature of melting point is –15 ℃, and its freezing point is even lower. Therefore, the AFP activity exhibited by the Arnmopiptanthus mongolicus is higher than that observed for AFP found in polar fishes or in winter rye. In addition, by a phase contrast light photomicroscope, the author have observed the morphology of individual ice crystals formed in the solution, including squares, rectangles, cones, hexagons. The morphology of these ice crystals are similar to those of ice crystals observed in polar fishes and in cold-acclimation winter rye.     

试管棉纤维发育中IAA氧化酶和POD活性的变化(简报)

试管棉纤维发育过程中,ＩＡＡ氧化酶和过氧化物酶的离子型与壁结合的酶活性和纤维细胞的伸长呈负相关,可溶性酶的活性总趋势和离子型的一致。