Does small-sided-games’ court area influence metabolic,perceptual, and physical performance parameters of young elite basketball players?

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of court size on physiological responses and physical performance of young elite basketball players. Twelve male basketball players (18.6 ± 0.5 years; 88.8 ± 14.5 kg; 192.6 ± 6.5 cm) from an under-19 team performed two small-sided games (matches) with different court areas (28x15 m and 28x9 m; 28x15 and 28x9 protocols). The number of players (3x3) was kept the same in each protocol. The players performed a repeated-sprint ability (RSA) test before and after each match. Blood lactate concentration was collected before (pre) and after (post) the matches, and the session rating of perceived exertion (session-RPE) was determined 30 minutes after the match. Best and mean time in the RSA test were not different between the 28x15 and the 28x9 match protocols (p > 0.05). A significant difference was observed for lactate concentration from pre- to post-match (p < 0.05) in both protocols (28x15 and 28x9); however, there was no significant interaction between protocols. A similar session-RPE mean score (28x15: 7.2 ± 1.4 and 28x9: 6.6 ± 1.4) was detected for both protocols (p > 0.05, ES=0.41). In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the different court areas induced similar responses. Although there was no significant difference in effort perception, players tended to perceive a greater effort in the larger court size.     

禽流感H5N1病毒感染BALB/c小鼠后多器官病变初探

为了研究禽流感H5N1病毒在各个器官的增殖和病理变化,在生物安全实验室,我们将禽流感H5N1病毒通过尾静脉接种BALB/C小鼠。结果小鼠在不经过适应的情况下,直接感染发病,甚至死亡。在观察的7天内,感染小鼠临床症状主要表现呼吸急促,体温、体重下降。尸检表现肺出血,心外膜坏死以及肝脏的坏死。组织病理检查表现心、肝、肺等多器官的病变。肺的病变伴有纤维化的弥漫性肺泡损伤;心肌外膜大量淋巴细胞浸润、坏死;肝细胞大量坏死,淋巴细胞浸润。心、肝的坏死病变在H5N1禽流感病毒相关的研究中未见报道。经过对各个组织器官的病毒载量的检测,未发现病毒在各个病变组织中的复制。免疫组化的检测,各个组织中也未检出阳性的细胞反应。因此,我们认为H5N1禽流感病毒感染小鼠引起多个器官组织的损伤,甚至死亡,不是病毒在器官的复制,而可能是病毒感染小鼠,产生炎症细胞因子的高度表达,损伤多个器官组织所致。     

The fate of the fusarium mycotoxin zearalenone in maize cell suspension cultures

The fusarium mycotoxin zearalenone was transformed in cell suspension cultures of Zea mays giving α- and β-zearalenol and the β-D-glu cos ides of zearalenone and α- and β-zearalenol. The structure of zearalenone-4-β-D-glucopyranoside was determined by liquid — chromatography-mass spectrometry and specific hydrolysis with β-glucosidase. α- and β-zearalenol and their glucosides were identified by co chromatography using tic and HPLC and glucosidase — treatment Up to 50% of the mycotoxin added was bound to a non extractable or “bound” residue fraction. After treating this residue by a sequential cell wall fractionation procedure, zearalenone was found to be bound mainly to starch, hemicellulose, and lignin fractions.     

激光及γ射线对有丝分裂染色体畸变感应现象的比较

波长514nm的激光照射可用于研究激光导致有丝分裂染色体畸变的效应。本文提供了一种新的辐照系统,能用于研究突变的感应现象,并与从γ-线辐射源获得的结果进行了比较。 Abstract:Laser irradiation at wavelength 514 nm was used to study the effect of lasers in inducing chromosomal aberrations at mitosis.This study offers a new radiation system which could be used for the induction of mutations.Results are compared with those obtained from studies using γ-rays as irradiation source.     

Enzyme recruitment in vitro: use of cloned genes to extend the range of haloaromatics degraded by Pseudomonas sp. strain B13.

DNA fragments containing the xylD and xylL genes of TOL plasmid pWW0 -161 of Pseudomonas putida, which code for the catabolic enzymes toluate 1,2-dioxygenase and dihydrodihydroxybenzoic acid dehydrogenase, respectively, and the nahG gene of the NAH plasmid NAH7 , which codes for salicylate hydroxylase, were cloned in pBR322 vector plasmid. Deletion and insertion mutagenesis were used to localize these genes with respect to crucial endonuclease cleavage sites. The pBR322-based plasmids were ligated to the broad host range cloning vector pKT231 , or derivatives of it, and the hybrid plasmids were introduced into Pseudomonas sp. B13( WR1 ), a bacterium able to degrade 3-chlorobenzoate but not 4-chlorobenzoate, 3,5- dichlorobenzoate , salicylate, or chlorosalicylates . The cloned xylD gene expanded the catabolic range of WR1 to include 4-chlorobenzoate, whereas the cloned xylD - xylL genes enabled the isolation of derivatives of WR1 that degraded 3-chlorobenzoate, 4-chlorobenzoate, and 3,5- dichlorobenzoate . The cloned nahG gene extended the catabolic range of WR1 to include salicylate and 3-, 4-, and 5- chlorosalicylate .     

Molecular comparisons of plasmids isolated from colicinogenic strains of Escherichia coli

The plasmid content of 14 colicinogenic strains of Escherichia coli has been examined. Four strains contained miniplasmids (1.2-2.0 kb). Small plasmids (4-7 kb) were detected in all the strains specifying group A colicins (colicins A, E1, E2, E3 and K; group I plasmids). Larger plasmids (55-130 kb) were detected in seven out of nine strains specifying group B colicins (colicins B, H, Ia, Ib, M, V and S1; group II plasmids). DNA-DNA hybridization with group II plasmids showed a wide variation in the degree of DNA sequence homology among its members. In contrast little (if any) DNA sequence homology was detected with the group I plasmids when the same group II plasmid DNAs were used as hybridization probes. The results of DNA-DNA hybridization studies with the two small group II plasmids (pcolG-CA46 and pcolD-CA23) suggested that these plasmids are equivalent to deleted forms of larger group II plasmids. Our hybridization data thus support the division of colicin plasmids into the two groups (I and II) that have been previously defined from genetic and physiological studies.