不同季节鹅喉羚昼间行为时间分配特征

2007 年11 月至2008 年10 月在新疆卡拉麦里山有蹄类野生动物保护区研究了鹅喉羚的昼间行为时间分配,共观察鹅喉羚有效个体1 917 只,采集行为数据时间319.5 h,将鹅喉羚的昼间行为分为采食、移动、警戒、休息和“其它”5 类。结果表明:春季雌性5 种行为分配时间所占比例分别为67.5%、2.5%、2.7%、25.9%、1.4%,雄性分别为63.5%、3.4%、4.3%、27.5%、1.3%; 夏季,雌性:43.7%、7.7%、5.6%、42.1%、1.0%; 雄性:51.9%、1.7%、3.1%、41.4%、1.9%; 秋季,雌性:66.3%、5.1%、4.3%、23.6%、0.7%;雄性:68.9%、6.0%、4.2%、20.7%、0.3%;冬季,雌性:68.0%、5.0%、7.0%、19.6%、0.4%;雄性:29.6%、20.6%、19.2%、29.3%、1.3%。采用卡方检验、秩和检验、方差分析比较同季节不同性别各自行为时间分配、同季节雌雄间行为时间分配、同性别不同季节的行为时间分配。结果表明:四季中雌雄各自5 种行为的时间分配均存在显著差异(P>0.05);比较两性间行为时间分配发现,在春夏季,雌雄间各行为时间分配无差异(P>0.05),秋季移动差异显著(P < 0. 05),而冬季5 种行为间均差异显著(P<0.05);季节因素对雌雄行为时间分配的影响显著。鹅喉羚以特定的行为时间分配模式适应季节更替或变化的生理周期,如温度、性别、水分状况、繁殖期、哺乳期等,满足能量及营养需求。     

KIF14 promotes tumor progression and metastasis and is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in human gastric cancer

The kinesin family member 14 (KIF14) is a potential oncogene and is involved in the metastasis of various cancers. Nevertheless, its function in gastric cancer (GC) remains poorly defined. The expression of KIF14 was examined in GC cell lines and a clinical cohort of GC specimens by qPCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. The relationship between KIF14 expression and the clinicopathological features was analyzed. The effect of KIF14 on cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The expression of KIF14 was significantly increased in the GC tissues and cell lines. High KIF14 expression was associated with tumor stage, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and metastasis. KIF14 was an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival of GC, and a higher expression of KIF14 predicted a poorer survival. KIF14 silencing resulted in attenuated proliferation, invasion and migration in human gastric cancer cells, whereas KIF14 ectopic expression facilitated these biological abilities. Notably, the depressed expression of KIF14 inhibited Akt phosphorylation, while overexpressed KIF14 augmented Akt phosphorylation. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between the expression of KIF14 and p?Akt in GC tissues. Importantly, the proliferation, invasion and migration of the GC cells, which was promoted by KIF14 overexpression, was abolished by the Akt inhibitor MK-2206, while Akt overexpression greatly rescued the effects induced by KIF14 knockdown. Our findings are the first to demonstrate that KIF14 is overexpressed in GC, is correlated with poor prognosis and plays a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of GC.     

Circular RNA circ‐RCCD promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation in mouse embryo development via recruiting YY1 to the promoter of MyD88

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect, affecting approximately 1% of live births. Genetic and environmental factors are leading factors to CHD, but the mechanism of CHD pathogenesis remains unclear. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are kinds of endogenous non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially in heart diseases. In this study, three significant differently expressed circRNA between maternal embryonic day (E) E13 and E17 was found by microarray assay. Among them, the content of circ‐RCCD increases with the development of heart and was enriched in primary cardiomyocytes of different species, which arouses our attention. Functional experiments revealed that inhibition of circ‐RCCD dramatically suppressed the formation of beating cell clusters, the fluorescence intensity of cardiac differentiation marker MF20, and the expression of the myocardial‐specific markers CTnT, Mef2c, and GATA4. Next, we found that circ‐RCCD was involved in cardiomyocyte differentiation through negative regulation of MyD88 expression. Further experiments proved that circ‐RCCD inhibited MyD88 levels by recruiting YY1 to the promoter of MyD88; circ‐RCCD inhibited nuclear translocation of YY1. These results reported that circ‐RCCD promoted cardiomyocyte differentiation by recruiting YY1 to the promoter of MyD88. And, this study provided a potential role and molecular mechanism of circ‐RCCD as a target for the treatment of CHD.     

作物抗除草剂转基因研究进展

综述了抗除草剂基因研究的意义、研究机理及国内外研究现状,分析了各种转基因方法的优缺点,展望了除草剂抗性育种的发展方向。     

Expression and purification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT-6 and MPT64 fusion protein and its immunoprophylactic potential in mouse model

The completion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome sequence has opened a new way for the identification and characterization of bacterial antigens, such as ESAT-6, CFP10, MPT64, and Ag85 complex, which are helpful for tuberculosis control. In this work, genes of ESAT-6 and MPT64 were fused and expressed in Escherichia coli in form of inclusion bodies with a histidine tag. The expressed fusion protein was purified by nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) affinity chromatography under denaturing conditions, and the yield was 18mg/L of culture. In mice, the purified ESAT-6-MPT64 fusion protein elicited stronger humoral response, greater splenic lymphocyte stimulated index, and higher levels of IFN-gamma and IL-12 production than that of the single MPT64 inoculation group, and rendered modest protection on the experimental tuberculosis mouse models. In short, the ESAT-6-MPT64 fusion protein might be a potential candidate vaccine for tuberculosis.     

木聚糖酶EvXyn11TS耐热性与其N端二硫键的相关性分析

[目的]以糖苷水解酶11家族耐热木聚糖酶EvXyn11TS为研究对象,定点突变其编码基因Syxyn11,揭示EvXyn11TS耐热性与其N端二硫键的相关性.[方法]对不同来源的、与EvXyn11TS一级结构相似度较高的若干11家族木聚糖酶进行多序列同源比对,发现只有耐热的EvXyn11TS在其N端存在一个二硫键(Cys5-Cys32);运用分子动力学模拟预测该N端二硫键存在与否对木聚糖酶热稳定性的影响.以人工合成的Syxyn11为母本,采用PCR技术将其编码Cys5的密码子TGT突变为编码Thr5的ACT,构建去除了N端二硫键的突变酶(EvXyn11M)的编码基因Syxyn11M;分别将Syxyn11和Syxyn11M在毕赤酵母GS115中进行表达,并分析表达产物EvXyn 11 TS和EvXyn11M的温度和pH特性.[结果]酶学性质研究结果表明:EvXyn11M的最适温度Topt由突变前的85℃降至70℃;EvXyn11TS在90℃的半衰期t1/290为32 min,而EvXyn11M在70℃的半衰期t1/270仅为8.0 min.[结论]运用分子动力学模拟预测了N端二硫键对EvXyn11TS耐热性的重要作用,并通过定点突变验证之,为其它与耐热EvXyn11TS一级结构相似的、11家族常温高比活性木聚糖酶的耐热性改造提供了新的技术策略.     

Prevalence and phylogenetic characterization of canine coronavirus from diseased pet dogs in Beijing,China

正Dear Editor,Canine coronavirus including canine coronavirus(CCoV)and canine respiratory coronavirus(CRCoV)have been recognized as pathogenic viruses to dogs worldwide,causing enteric and respiratory issues(Buonavoglia et al.,2006).Zoonotic transfer of the viruses from the animal kingdom to humans has been repeatedly observed over the past decade,     

CEACAM6 Promotes Gastric Cancer Invasion and Metastasis by Inducing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

Overexpressed CEACAM6 in tumor tissues plays important roles in invasion, metastasis and anoikis resistance in a variety of human cancers. We recently reported that CEACAM6 expression is upregulated in Gastric cancer (GC) tissues and promoted GC metastasis. Here, we report that CEACAM6 promotes peritoneal metastases in vivo and is negatively correlated with E-cadherin expression in GC tissues. Overexpressed CEACAM6 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GC, as measured by increases in the EMT markers N-cadherin, Vimentin and Slug while E-cadherin expression was decreased in CEACAM6-overexpressing GC cells; opposing results were observed in CEACAM6-silenced cells. Furthermore, E-cadherin expression was negatively correlated with depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage in GC tissues. Additionally, CEACAM6 elevated matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity in GC, and anti-MMP-9 antibody could reverse the increasing invasion and migration induced by CEACAM6. CEACAM6 also increased the levels of phosphorylated AKT, which is involved in the progression of a variety of human tumors. We further observed that {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"LY294002","term_id":"1257998346","term_text":"LY294002"}}LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, could reverse CEACAM6-induced EMT via mesenchymal-epithelial transition. These findings suggest that CEACAM6 enhances invasion and metastasis in GC by promoting EMT via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.     

EST dataset of pituitary and identification of somatolactin and novel genes in Chinese sturgeon, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acipenser sinensis</Emphasis>

Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) is a rare and endangered species and also an important resource for the sturgeon aquaculture industry, however, a few genes have been identified in this species. We report here construction of a pituitary cDNA library from a 24 years old female Chinese sturgeon just after its spawning, and obtained 2,025 ESTs from the library. 885 unique sequences were identified, which were categorized into 12 functional groups. More than half of the unique sequences (57%) do not match with annotated sequences in the public databases. Three of these novel genes were further identified. Notably, a full-length of cDNA (1,143 bp) encoding somatolactin of 232 amino acids was identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed 97% amino acid identity with White sturgeon somatolactin. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the somatolactin mRNA was only detected in pituitary. Pituitary-specific expression of the somatolactin suggested that the protein may play important physiological functions in pituitary-endocrine system of the Chinese sturgeon.