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排序方式: 共有235条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The effect of neurotensin on submaximally-stimulated hepatobiliary and pancreatic secretion was studied in 6 healthy subjects. An intravenous infusion of neurotensin 1.4 ± 0.3 pmol/kg/min, designed to reproduce plasma neurotensin immunoreactivity levels within the physiological range, produced a significant increase in pancreatic bicarbonate output. Plasma concentrations of pancreatic polypeptide rose by 83 ± 16 pmol/l and were associated with a small reduction in trypsin, but no significant change in bilirubin outputs. 相似文献
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Jossi Hillel Martien AM Groenen Michèle Tixier-Boichard Abraham B Korol Lior David Valery M Kirzhner Terry Burke Asili Barre-Dirie Richard PMA Crooijmans Kari Elo Marcus W Feldman Paul J Freidlin Asko M?ki-Tanila Marian Oortwijn Pippa Thomson Alain Vignal Klaus Wimmers Steffen Weigend 《遗传、选种与进化》2003,35(6):533-557
In a project on the biodiversity of chickens funded by the European Commission (EC), eight laboratories collaborated to assess the genetic variation within and between 52 populations from a wide range of chicken types. Twenty-two di-nucleotide microsatellite markers were used to genotype DNA pools of 50 birds from each population. The polymorphism measures for the average, the least polymorphic population (inbred C line) and the most polymorphic population (Gallus gallus spadiceus) were, respectively, as follows: number of alleles per locus, per population: 3.5, 1.3 and 5.2; average gene diversity across markers: 0.47, 0.05 and 0.64; and proportion of polymorphic markers: 0.91, 0.25 and 1.0. These were in good agreement with the breeding history of the populations. For instance, unselected populations were found to be more polymorphic than selected breeds such as layers. Thus DNA pools are effective in the preliminary assessment of genetic variation of populations and markers. Mean genetic distance indicates the extent to which a given population shares its genetic diversity with that of the whole tested gene pool and is a useful criterion for conservation of diversity. The distribution of population-specific (private) alleles and the amount of genetic variation shared among populations supports the hypothesis that the red jungle fowl is the main progenitor of the domesticated chicken. 相似文献
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AB Zarafi AM Emechebe AD Akpa O Alabi 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(4):261-268
Pearl millet downy mildew (DM) incidence, severity and yield losses of two pearl millet varieties (local and improved) due to the disease were determined in the field. Significant differences in the disease incidence and severity were recorded in the plots sown with metalaxyl-treated seeds and those sown with non-treated seeds, indicating the efficacy of the fungicide on the fungus. Yield losses due to non-treatment of seeds with metalaxyl was 40.88 and 45.39% in a local variety and 43.00 and 18.60% in an improved variety in the 2000 and 2001 cropping seasons respectively. Significant differences between plots sown with metalaxyl-treated and those sown with non-treated seeds were obtained for other yield components such as 1000-grains weight, panicle length and weight. 相似文献
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Marchal LM van de Laar AM Goetheer E Schimmelpennink EB Bergsma J Beeftink HH Tramper J 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》1999,63(3):344-355
The hydrolysis of starch to low-molecular-weight products (normally characterised by their dextrose equivalent (DE), which is directly related to the number-average molecular mass) was studied at different temperatures. Amylopectin potato starch, lacking amylose, was selected because of its low tendency towards retrogradation at lower temperatures. Bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase was added to 10% [w/w] gelatinised starch solutions. The hydrolysis experiments were done at 50, 70, and 90 degrees C. Samples were taken at defined DE values and these were analysed with respect to their saccharide composition. At the same DE the oligosaccharide composition depended on the hydrolysis temperature. This implies that at the same net number of bonds hydrolysed by the enzyme, the saccharide composition was different. The hydrolysis temperature also influenced the initial overall molecular-weight distribution. Higher temperatures led to a more homogenous molecular weight distribution. Similar effects were observed for alpha-amylases from other microbial sources such as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus stearothermophilus. Varying the pH (5.1, 6.2, and 7.6) at 70 degrees C did not significantly influence the saccharide composition obtained during B. licheniformis alpha-amylase hydrolysis. The underlying mechanisms for B. licheniformis alpha-amylase were studied using pure linear oligosaccharides, ranging from maltotriose to maltoheptaose as substrates. Activation energies for the hydrolysis of individual oligosaccharides were calculated from Arrhenius plots at 60, 70, 80, and 90 degrees C. Oligosaccharides with a degree of polymerisation exceeding that of the substrate could be detected. The contribution of these oligosaccharides increased as the degree of polymerisation of the substrate decreased and the temperature of hydrolysis increased. The product specificity decreased with increasing temperature of hydrolysis, which led to a more equal distribution between the possible products formed. Calculations with the subsite map as determined for the closely related alpha-amylase from B. amyloliquefaciens reconfirmed this finding of a decreased substrate specificity with increased temperature of hydrolysis. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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Abdollahi A Gruver BN Patriotis C Hamilton TC 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2003,307(1):188-197
Alteration in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family signaling is among the most frequently implicated effectors of human oncogenesis. Overexpression of members of this family of receptors has often been detected in many epithelial tumors and is believed to be associated with an overall poor prognosis in patients with cancer. Therefore, we hypothesized that identification of potential EGF target genes in normal cells will provide a basis for unbiased genetic analysis of this signaling pathway in cancer. We utilized Atlas Rat 1.2 nylon cDNA arrays (Clontech) to determine gene expression changes in normal rat ovarian surface epithelial (ROSE) cells following EGF treatment. The results indicate activation of genes involved in a wide variety of cellular mechanisms, including regulation of cell cycle and proliferation, apoptosis, and protein turnover. In addition, using an in vitro model of ovarian cancer, we demonstrated that malignant transformation of ROSE cells resulted in alteration of downstream effectors of the EGFR pathway, as exemplified by aberrant expression of p66Shc, c-Jun, c-Myc, c-Fos, Lot1, p21Cip/Waf, and cdc25A. These data suggest that knowledge of the downstream genetic lesions, which may result in loss of growth factor requirement of the affected cells, will be crucial for the selection of the EGFR pathway as an effective target for cancer therapy. 相似文献
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Here we present POCUS (prioritization of candidate genes using statistics), a novel computational approach to prioritize candidate disease genes that is based on over-representation of functional annotation between loci for the same disease. We show that POCUS can provide high (up to 81-fold) enrichment of real disease genes in the candidate-gene shortlists it produces compared with the original large sets of positional candidates. In contrast to existing methods, POCUS can also suggest counterintuitive candidates. 相似文献