全文获取类型
收费全文 | 938篇 |
免费 | 69篇 |
专业分类
1007篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 20篇 |
2021年 | 22篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 15篇 |
2018年 | 15篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 31篇 |
2015年 | 48篇 |
2014年 | 51篇 |
2013年 | 75篇 |
2012年 | 56篇 |
2011年 | 75篇 |
2010年 | 38篇 |
2009年 | 36篇 |
2008年 | 51篇 |
2007年 | 51篇 |
2006年 | 43篇 |
2005年 | 44篇 |
2004年 | 36篇 |
2003年 | 38篇 |
2002年 | 47篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 5篇 |
1999年 | 10篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 8篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
1964年 | 2篇 |
1963年 | 2篇 |
1962年 | 5篇 |
1951年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1007条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Summary Irradiation of the principal photosystem II light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein antenna complex, LHC II, with high light intensities brings about a pronounced quenching of the chlorophyll fluorescence. Illumination of isolated thylakoids with high light intensities generates the formation of quenching centres within LHC II in vivo, as demonstrated by fluorescence excitation spectroscopy. In the isolated complex it is demonstrated that the light-induced fluorescence quenching: a) shows a partial, biphasic reversibility in the dark; b) is approximately proportional to the light intensity; c) is almost independent of temperature in the range 0–30°C; d) is substantially insensitive to protein modifying reagents and treatments; e) occurs in the absence of oxygen. A possible physiological importance of the phenomenon is discussed in terms of a mechanism capable of dissipating excess excitation energy within the photosystem II antenna.Abbreviations chla
chlorophyll a
- chlb
chlorophyll b
- F0
fluorescence yield with reaction centers open
- Fm
fluorescence yield with reaction centres closed
- Fi
fluorescence at the plateau level of the fast induction phase
- LHC II
light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex II
- PS II
photosystem II
- PSI
photosystem I
- Tricine
N-[2-hydroxy-1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]glycine 相似文献
2.
Rat liver casein kinase TS (Ck-TS) having quarternary structure α2β2, autophosphorylates at its 25 kDa, β-subunits, incorporating up to 1.2 mol P/mol enzyme. According to their effects on the autophosphorylation pattern the effectors of Ck-TS activity can be grouped into 3 classes: (i) inhibitors, like heparin, which also prevent the autophosphorylation of the β-subunit; (ii) stimulators possessing several amino groups (like spermine) which increase the autophosphorylation at the β-subunit; (iii) stimulators possessing several guanido groups, like protamines and related peptides, which prevent the phosphorylation of the β-subunit, while promoting the autophosphorylation of the 38 kDa α-subunit. In the presence of such polyarginyl effectors the 130 kDa Ck-TS is converted into forms with higher sedimentation coefficient. 相似文献
3.
Serge Fermandjian Constantin Sakarellos Franlois Piriou Michel Juy Flavio Toma Hung Lam Thanh Karl Lintner Mahesh C. Khosla Robert R. Smeby F. Merlin Bumpus 《Biopolymers》1983,22(1):227-231
The conformation–biological activity relationships in a series of angiotensin II analogs substituted in position 5 were studied. Results indicated that only analogs with β-branched residue in position 5 possess spectral and biological properties identical to that of parent angiotensin II. 相似文献
4.
5.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains of proteolytic system able to selectively degrade misfolded lumenal secretory proteins. For examination of the components involved in this degradation process, mutants were isolated. They could be divided into four complementation groups. The mutations led to stabilization of two different substrates for this process. The mutant classes were called ''der'' for ''degradation in the ER''. DER1 was cloned by complementation of the der1-2 mutation. The DER1 gene codes for a novel, hydrophobic protein, that is localized to the ER. Deletion of DER1 abolished degradation of the substrate proteins. The function of the Der1 protein seems to be specifically required for the degradation process associated with the ER. The depletion of Der1 from cells causes neither detectable growth phenotypes nor a general accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER. In DER1-deleted cells, a substrate protein for ER degradation is retained in the ER by the same mechanism which also retains lumenal ER residents. This suggests that DER1 acts in a process that directly removes protein from the folding environment of the ER. 相似文献
6.
A scanning electron microscope study of normal and vitrified leaves from Datura insignis plantlets cultured in vitro 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Flavio Costa Miguens Ricardo Pereira Louro Raul Dodsworth Machado 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1993,32(1):109-113
The surface anatomy of normal and vitreous leaves of plantlets obtained from Datura insignis Barb Rodr nodal segment cultures was compared using scanning electron microscopy. Normal and vitrified leaves are similar in several ways. They are both amphistomatic, and have similar distributions of glandular and non-glandular trichomes. Stomata have similar length, diameter and distribution in normal and vitreous plants. Immature stomata, which have closed pores, and plugged stomata, which contain an amorphous material between their guard cells, occur in both normal and vitrified leaves. Normal and vitreous leaves differ in the frequency of normal and abnormal stomata. Normal stomata have kidney-shaped guard cells and resemble closely those found in field-grown plants, whereas abnormal stomata have deformed guard cells. Normal stomata represent approximately 80% of the total number of stomata in normal leaves, but only 7% of the total number of stomata in vitreous leaves. Abnormal stomata represent 90% of the total number in vitreous leaves. The deformation of guard cells could possibly be a mechanical impediment to stomatal function. 相似文献
7.
Hypnea musciformis is the only species so far exploited in Brazil as raw material for the production of k-carrageenan. Due to the erratic production in space and time, increasing harvest and transportation costs, experiments have been performed in order to assess the viability of H. musciformis mariculture.In nature the species occurs as an epiphyte, and so mariculture using artificial substrates that simulated the natural host of the species was tried. These substrates were attached, at regular intervals, to linear ropes. In the sea, these ropes were stretched between cement blocks.Seeding occurs naturally, by means of spores, or detached pieces of H. musciformis scattered in the water column that get entangled on the ropes. The best yields (0.54 wet kg m–1 month–1) were obtained with unthreaded rope substrates maintained in a vertical position by small rafts. Production is highest in the first 18 m off the rocky shore (0–2.1 m deep), at the highest substrate density utilized (10 m–1), 2–3 months after installing the ropes in seawater. The main factor controlling seasonal production is water movement. 相似文献
8.
Flavio Alexandre Carvalho Natália Valadares de Moraes Antônio Eduardo Miller Crotti Eduardo José Crevelin André Gonzaga dos Santos 《化学与生物多样性》2023,20(9):e202300492
Casearia species are found in the America, Africa, Asia, and Australia and present pharmacological activities, besides their traditional uses. Here, we reviewed the chemical composition, content, pharmacological activities, and toxicity of the essential oils (EOs) from Casearia species. The EO physical parameters and leaf botanical characteristics were also described. The bioactivities of the EOs from the leaves and their components include cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antifungal, and antiviral activities. The main components associated with these activities are the α-zingiberene, (E)-caryophyllene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, spathulenol, α-humulene, β-acoradiene, and δ-cadinene. Data on the toxicity of these EOs are scarce in the literature. Casearia sylvestris Sw. is the most studied species, presenting more significant pharmacological potential. The chemical variability of EOs components was also investigated for this species. Caseria EOs have relevant pharmacological potential and must be further investigated and exploited. 相似文献
9.
Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is a crop relatively tolerant to salt and sodium. Our objective was to study the interactions between Na, K and Ca and their relationship with its yield under the isolated effects of soil salinity or sodicity.Two experiments were carried out using pots filled with the Ah horizon of a Typic Natraquoll. There were three salinity levels (2.3 dS m-1; 6.0 dS m-1 and 10.0 dS m-1) and three sodicity levels, expressed as sodium adsorption ratios (SAR: 12; 27 and 44). The soil was kept near field capacity.As soil salinity increased, the K/Na and Ca/Na ratios in the tissues decreased markedly but yields and aerial biomass production were not affected. As soil SAR value increased, the K/Na and Ca/Na ratios in plants and K-Na and Ca-Na selectivities decreased. Plants could not maintain their Ca concentration in soil with a high SAR. The grain yield and biomass production diminished significantly in the highest SAR treatment. Our results are consistent with those showing detrimental osmotic effects of salts in Brassica napus. Conversely, under sodicity, the K/Na and Ca/Na ratios in plant tissues decreased considerably, in accordance with grain and biomass production. These results show that the effects of sodicity are different from those of salinity. 相似文献
10.
Ruggero Fariello Peter M. Olley Flavio Coceani 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1977,13(5):901-907
Six newborns with obstructive right heart lesions were examined neurologically and electroencephalographically during treatment with prostaglandin (PG) E1 or E2 given to maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus and to increase pulmonary blood flow. PG was administered intravenously or intraarterially in the aortic isthmus proximal to the ductus arteriosus. Besides a rise in arterial oxygen saturation, all patients had some sign of central nervous system involvement. The electroencephalogram showed minor changes suggestive of sedation. In addition, three patients in whom PG given intravenously presented various combinations of neurological abnormalities (“myoclonic jerks”, apnoeic spells, hiccup) of subcortical origin. Side-effects subsided after stopping the treatment anf posed no problem in the management of the patients. These findings confirm the usefulness and safety of the PG therapy and indicate that the intraaortic route of administration is preferable. 相似文献