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1.
immunocytochemical localization of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in lewis lung carcinoma 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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L Skriver LI Larsson V Kielberg LS Nielsen PB Andresen P Kristensen K Dano 《The Journal of cell biology》1984,99(2):753-758
The invasively growing and metasizing Lewis lung carcinoma consistently contained urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) enzyme activity. When investigated immunocytochemically with antibodies against u-PA, different parts of individual tumors showed a pronounced heterogeneity in staining intensity. Strong staining was found in areas with invasive growth and degradation of surrounding normal tissue, while other areas were completely devoid of staining. Immunoreactivity occurred both with a perinuclear cytoplasmic localization in tumor cells and associated with apparently extracellular material. SDS PAGE of tumor extracts, under both reducing and nonreducing conditions, followed by immunoblotting, showed only one immunocytochemically stainable band with an electrophoretic mobility corresponding to that of purified proenzyme to u-PA, while no two-chain u-PA was detected. This indicates that the major part of the activator in Lewis lung carcinoma is present as one-chain pro-u-PA. 相似文献
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Abstract Post-construction avifauna investigations were undertaken at Project West Wind, Meridian Energy Limited's 62-turbine wind farm on the Wellington south coast. These investigations were required in accordance with the resource consent conditions to quantify the level of avian mortalities occurring at the wind farm, particularly in regard to New Zealand falcon (Falco novaeseelandiae), kākā (Nestor meridionalis) and kererū (Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae). This is the first comprehensive study at a New Zealand operating wind farm. The methods included three field components necessary to calculate annual estimates of mortalities across the wind farm site: routine turbine searches; carcass detection trials; and carcass removal trials. Results from years 1 and 2 of a three-year programme are presented. To date, mortalities have been recorded for 17 taxa at 18 of the 24 study turbines. There have been no recorded mortalities of falcon, kākā or kererū. Australasian harrier (Circus approximans) has been the species for which the most mortalities have been recorded. Overall estimated annual mortality rates for years 1 and 2 were calculated to be approximately six and five birds per turbine respectively. 相似文献
3.
The additive genetic effects of traits can be used to predict evolutionary trajectories,
such as responses to selection. Non-additive genetic and maternal environmental effects
can also change evolutionary trajectories and influence phenotypes, but these effects have
received less attention by researchers. We partitioned the phenotypic variance of survival
and fitness-related traits into additive genetic, non-additive genetic and maternal
environmental effects using a full-factorial breeding design within two allopatric
populations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Maternal environmental effects were
large at early life stages, but decreased during development, with non-additive genetic
effects being most significant at later juvenile stages (alevin and fry). Non-additive
genetic effects were also, on average, larger than additive genetic effects. The
populations, generally, did not differ in the trait values or inferred genetic
architecture of the traits. Any differences between the populations for trait values could
be explained by maternal environmental effects. We discuss whether the similarities in
architectures of these populations is the result of natural selection across a common
juvenile environment. 相似文献
4.
Narayana PB Fazolini André LS Cruz Miriam BF Werneck Jo?o PB Viola Clarissa M Maya-Monteiro Patrícia T Bozza 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2015,14(16):2667-2676
Accumulating evidence suggests that obesity and enhanced inflammatory reactions are predisposing conditions for developing colon cancer. Obesity is associated with high levels of circulating leptin. Leptin is an adipocytokine that is secreted by adipose tissue and modulates immune response and inflammation. Lipid droplets (LD) are organelles involved in lipid metabolism and production of inflammatory mediators, and increased numbers of LD were observed in human colon cancer. Leptin induces the formation of LD in macrophages in a PI3K/mTOR pathway-dependent manner. Moreover, the mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a key role in cellular growth and is frequently altered in tumors. We therefore investigated the role of leptin in the modulation of mTOR pathway and regulation of lipid metabolism and inflammatory phenotype in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6 cells). We show that leptin promotes a dose- and time-dependent enhancement of LD formation. The biogenesis of LD was accompanied by enhanced CXCL1/CINC-1, CCL2/MCP-1 and TGF-β production and increased COX-2 expression in these cells. We demonstrated that leptin-induced increased phosphorylation of STAT3 and AKT and a dose and time-dependent mTORC activation with enhanced phosphorilation of the downstream protein P70S6K protein. Pre-treatment with rapamycin significantly inhibited leptin effects in LD formation, COX-2 and TGF-β production in IEC-6 cells. Moreover, leptin was able to stimulate the proliferation of epithelial cells on a mTOR-dependent manner. We conclude that leptin regulates lipid metabolism, cytokine production and proliferation of intestinal cells through a mechanism largely dependent on activation of the mTOR pathway, thus suggesting that leptin-induced mTOR activation may contribute to the obesity-related enhanced susceptibility to colon carcinoma. 相似文献
5.
R Gon?alves LA Szmuchrowski LS Prado BP Couto JCQ Machado VO Damasceno JA Lamounier 《Biology of sport / Institute of Sport》2015,32(3):255-260
The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and aerobic fitness as predictors of cardiovascular risk factor clustering in children. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 290 school boys and girls from 6 to 10 years old, randomly selected. Blood was collected after a 12-hour fasting period. Blood pressure, waist circumference (WC), height and weight were evaluated according to international standards. Aerobic fitness (AF) was assessed by the 20-metre shuttle-run test. Clustering was considered when three of these factors were present: high systolic or diastolic blood pressure, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high triglycerides, high plasma glucose, high insulin concentrations and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. A ROC curve identified the cut-off points of body mass index (BMI), WC, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and AF as predictors of risk factor clustering. BMI, WC and WHR resulted in significant areas under the ROC curves, which was not observed for AF. The anthropometric variables were good predictors of cardiovascular risk factor clustering in both sexes, whereas aerobic fitness should not be used to identify cardiovascular risk factor clustering in these children. 相似文献
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Sonali Vora Asad Abbas Chong J Kim Taryn LS Summerfield Juan P Kusanovic Jay D Iams Roberto Romero Douglas A Kniss William E AckermanIV 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2010,8(1):8
Background
The objective of this study was to quantify the nuclear localization and DNA binding activity of p65, the major transactivating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) subunit, in full-thickness fetal membranes (FM) and myometrium in the absence or presence of term or preterm labor. 相似文献8.
I. M. Kislyuk L. S. Bubolo O. D. Bykov I. E. Kamentseva E. R. Kotlova M. A. Vinogradskaya 《Russian Journal of Plant Physiology》2013,60(5):611-622
The influence of excess irradiance on resistance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) photosynthetic apparatus to heating in darkness and in the light was investigated and compared with changes in leaf cell ultra-structure and composition of cell lipids and fatty acids. The leaves of 14- to 16-day-old plants grown at low irradiance (about 20 W/m2) were exposed for 1 h to irradiance of 370 or 600 W/m2 PAR. Using infrared gas analysis, we found that the preexposure of leaves to excess irradiation elevated resistance of apparent photosynthesis to 10-min heat treatment at 40–45°C. The rate of Hill reaction (reduction of 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol by isolated chloroplasts) was higher for leaves heated at high irradiance than for leaves heated in darkness. During illumination of leaves with strong light, mesophyll cells became more abundant in mitochondria and peroxysomes, as well as in cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. The chloroplast thylakoids and grana became more extensive and numerous. At the same time, the leaf content of main classes of membrane glycerolipids increased in parallel with the increase in the phospholipid/glycolipid and lipid/chlorophyll ratios. The unsaturation index of fatty acids of membrane lipids increased because of the elevated content of linolenic acid. Thus, excessive light (not fully utilized in photosynthesis) induced in wheat leaves a series of nonspecific adaptive changes that were similar to those occurring under the action of other environmental factors, such as heat shock, cooling, salinity, and osmotic stresses. 相似文献
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I. M. Kislyuk L. S. Bubolo I. E. Kamentseva E. R. Kotlova O. A. Sherstneva 《Russian Journal of Plant Physiology》2007,54(4):456-463
Preliminary heating of 15-16-day-old wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants for 3 h at 37–38°C (heat shock, HS) increased the tolerance of photosynthetic electron transport (determined as the reduction of 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol by isolated chloroplasts) toward heating of leaves at 42–48°C in high light (100 klx). At the same time, HS did not affect the activity of the xanthophyll cycle reactions in the 30–48°C temperature range. HS exposure induced an increase in the thylakoid length, the number of grana, and the average number of thylakoids per granum. The volume of the thylakoid system increased 1.4-fold. Such indices as the total content of chlorophylls (a + b), the chlorophyll a/b ratio, as well as the contents of individual carotenoids, chloroplast membrane proteins, and the soluble leaf proteins remained unchanged. The de novo photosynthetic membrane formation was accompanied by the 1.5-fold increase in major chloroplast lipids. It was concluded that, in mature wheat chloroplasts, HS induced the formation of thylakoids characterized by a changed molecular structure and by increased lipid/protein and lipid/chlorophyll ratios. 相似文献