地方认同视角下居民对农业文化遗产认知及保护态度——以福州茉莉花与茶文化系统为例

居民对农业文化遗产的认知态度影响其行为选择,并对农业文化遗产的保护及可持续发展具有重要意义。基于人文地理学及环境心理学领域的地方认同理论,选择历史认同、现实认同、情感认同及行为认同4个维度变量,通过问卷调查,以福州居民对全球重要农业文化遗产"福州茉莉花与茶文化系统"的认知及保护态度作为研究对象,并通过构建福州居民农业文化遗产认知及保护规律定量分析居民认知态度、保护行为与人口特征之间的关系。结果表明:(1)福州居民对茉莉花与茶文化系统的行为认同维度得分高于其他维度,且福州市民各维度得分均高于外来居民;(2)受访居民对农业文化遗产的地方认同与其年龄、受教育水平、收入水平及在福州居住时间长短的关系较为密切;(3)通过构建福州居民农业文化遗产认知及保护规律发现,福州居民对农业文化遗产的保护行为主要受其对该遗产项目认知态度的影响,与居民人口特征相关性较弱。拓展农业文化遗产领域的研究视角及方法,促进农业文化遗产地动态保护与可持续发展具有参考价值。     

苏南乡村生态植物景观营造

乡村生态植物景观营造是乡村景观建设的重要内容。本文以模拟自然、半自然植物群落为基础,对乡村生态植物景观营造进行了研究。根据乡村景观的构成要素,可以将乡村植物景观划分为村落植物景观(农户外环境植物景观)、农田植物景观、道路植物景观和水域河道植物景观;生态植物景观营造可以从自然群落中得到借鉴,以常熟为例,采用植被生态学的调查和分析方法对当地自然、半自然植物群落进行了研究,模拟形成15个可供当地应用的人工配植模式;乡村不同植物景观类型具有各自的特色和功能要求,通过分析常熟典型乡村特点,以模拟自然群落为基础,可进一步改造形成适于不同类型的乡村植物景观配植模式。     

Comparison of specific adsorption capacity of different forms of fungal pellets for removal of Acid Brilliant Red B from aqueous solution and mechanisms exploration

The specific adsorption capacities (SAC) of the growing, resting and dead pellets for target dye were compared; the mechanisms responsible for difference of SAC between different kinds of pellets were elucidated. The results showed that the SAC of three kinds of biomass decreased in the order of the growing > the resting > the dead, and the ratio of SAC of the growing biomass to that of the dead one increased from 1.32 at 100 mg/L of initial dye concentration to 2.68 at 400 mg/L. The growing pellets accumulated the loaded dye inside the cells through energy consumption, both the thickened cell wall and the squeezed cytoplasm offered the greatest space for dye bioaccumulation, accounting for the highest SAC. In contrast, monolayer adsorption of dye onto the surface of pellets was the mechanism for the dead biomass, so the lowest SAC occurred due to the least adsorption space and sites.     

虫害马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb)邻枝针叶挥发物及其内源茉莉酸甲酯的快速变化

对盆栽马尾松针叶进行接虫咬食危害处理后,通过TCT-GC/MS分析了同一株受害枝相邻的健康枝针叶挥发物的成分及相对含量的时序变化。结果表明：萜烯类化合物是邻枝针叶挥发物的主要成分,其次是含氧化合物、含氮化合物等。与对照相比,多数挥发物的相对含量1h略高于对照,2h维持较高水平。同时,用GC/MS分析了邻枝针叶不同时间序列中茉莉酸甲酯的含量,结果表明：虫害马尾松邻枝针叶1h茉莉酸甲酯含量就有所升高,2h显著高于对照,是对照的近1倍。证明马尾松受到虫害后,启动了体内的防御系统,并诱导邻枝产生抗性。     

宫颈癌患者血浆和组织中FHIT基因5′端CpG岛甲基化状态的研究

为了检测宫颈癌患者血浆和组织中FHIT基因5′端CpG岛甲基化状态, 以找到无创伤性诊断宫颈癌的新指标, 选取151例宫颈癌患者的血浆和30例患者的宫颈癌组织为研究对象,用MSP的方法检测FHIT基因5′端CpG岛甲基化状态, 并对MSP产物进行克隆和测序。结果在宫颈癌患者血浆和组织中, FHIT基因5′端CpG岛甲基化率为30.46%和53.33%, 血浆和组织的总体符合率为80%。而对照中均未检测到甲基化状态。随着患者临床分期和组织学分级的增加, FHIT基因甲基化的检出率也在逐渐的增加。表明宫颈癌患者的血浆和肿瘤组织中FHIT基因5′端CpG岛甲基化的发生是高频事件, 使用FHIT基因作为标记可以对宫颈癌患者进行无创伤诊断和预后的评估。     

Identification of the active site of human mitochondrial malonyl‐coenzyme a decarboxylase: A combined computational study

Malonyl‐CoA decarboxylase (MCD) can control the level of malonyl‐CoA in cell through the decarboxylation of malonyl‐CoA to acetyl‐CoA, and plays an essential role in regulating fatty acid metabolism, thus it is a potential target for drug discovery. However, the interactions of MCD with CoA derivatives are not well understood owing to unavailable crystal structure with a complete occupancy in the active site. To identify the active site of MCD, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to explore the interactions of human mitochondrial MCD (HmMCD) and CoA derivatives. The findings reveal that the active site of HmMCD indeed resides in the prominent groove which resembles that of CurA. However, the binding modes are slightly different from the one observed in CurA due to the occupancy of the side chain of Lys183 from the N‐terminal helical domain instead of the adenine ring of CoA. The residues 300 ? 305 play an essential role in maintaining the stability of complex mainly through hydrogen bond interactions with the pyrophosphate moiety of acetyl‐CoA. Principle component analysis elucidates the conformational distribution and dominant concerted motions of HmMCD. MM_PBSA calculations present the crucial residues and the major driving force responsible for the binding of acetyl‐CoA. These results provide useful information for understanding the interactions of HmMCD with CoA derivatives. Proteins 2016; 84:792–802. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片治疗妊娠期便秘的临床观察

目的 观察和评价凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片(商品名:爽舒宝)治疗妊娠期便秘的临床疗效.方法 将80例妊娠期便秘患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组和对照组均为40例,两组均给予基础治疗.其中治疗组在基础治疗的同时加用凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片,首次2.1g,以后1.05g/次,3次/d,温水送服.观察治疗前后大便次数、粪便性状,有无排便不尽及排便费力感、腹部不适、腹胀、腹痛.结果 治疗组总有效率、大便频率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),同时治疗组患者治疗后无腹部不适、腹胀、排便费力、排便不尽感等新症状出现,明显优于对照组.结论 凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片辅助治疗妊娠期便秘疗效显著,值得临床推广.     

串果藤属(Sinofranchetia)叶的个体发育研究

对串果藤属(Sinofranchetia)叶的个体发育过程进行了观察,结果表明,其叶原基在发生时为不分裂的,其后叶原基两侧产生两个突起,形成两个侧生小叶原基,而中央部分形成中央小叶的原基。同时对串果藤属植物叶原基发生的类型等问题进行了讨论。