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1.
Peak area matching and linear regression were used to quantify eight chlorinated pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (as Aroclor 1260) in human serum. There are no statistically significant differences in data obtained by these two quantifying techniques which were indicated by the paired t-test. For chlorinated pesticides, p = 0.053-0.62, and for polychlorinated biphenyls (as Aroclor 1260), p = 0.64. Analyte residues for the chlorinated pesticides ranged from 0.5 ppb for hexachlorobenzene (HCB) to 186 ppb for dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE). Analyte residues for the polychlorinated biphenyls (as Aroclor 1260) ranged from 5-114 ppb. The absolute mean percent difference between the two quantifying techniques ranged from 0.06% for DDE to 8.06% for dieldrin (HEOD) among the chlorinated pesticides. The absolute mean percent difference between the two quantifying techniques for the polychlorinated biphenyls (as Aroclor 1260) was 3.4%. Peak area matching and linear regression were found to be comparable for quantifying these environmental residues in serum when the following conditions apply: 1) the concentration of the chlorinated pesticides is greater than or equal to 0.5 ppb (e.g., HCB, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCCH), oxychlordane (OC), heptachlor epoxide (HE), transnonachlor (TN), HEOD, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT); 2) the concentration of the chlorinated pesticide is greater than or equal to 3 ppb (e.g., DDE); and 3) the total concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (e.g., as Aroclor 1260) is greater than or equal to 5 ppb. 相似文献
2.
Summary Between 3 Nov. 1983 and 9 Apr. 1984, six applications of fertiliser N (ammonium, nitrate or urea) were given to four autumn
sown (26 Oct. 1983)Vicia faba L cultivars, Banner Winter (BW) and Maris Beagle (MBg), cold tolerant cultivars normally sown in the autumn, and Herz Freya
(HF) and Maris Bead (MBd), cold sensitive cultivars more commonly sown in the spring. The effects of additional N were determined
by comparison with plants given zero-N (controls).
Application of N, regardless of form, had no effect on % emergence at the first sampling (15 Dec. 1983); >90% for BW, MBg
and HF, but only 40–60% for MBd. At this time the dry weight, carbon content and nitrogen content of all cultivars was approximately
20% less than that of the seed on planting. No more plants emerged after 15 Dec. 1983. Between 15 Dec. 1983 and 20 Feb. 1984,
all cultivars, regardless of N treatment, showed little change in dry weight, carbon content and nitrogen content but the
proportion of total plant dry weight, carbon content and nitrogen content in the cotyledons decreased while the proportions
in root, stem and leaf tissue increased. On 20 Feb. 1984 there were no N effects. All cultivars but especially BW and MBg,
showed progressive increases in dry weight, carbon content and nitrogen content during the period 20 Feb. 1984 to 8 May 1984.
Pooled results for all four cultivars indicated that on 8 May 1984, plants given ammonium and urea had a greater dry weight,
carbon content and nitrogen content than controls.
At harvest (1–3 Sep. 1984), BW and MBg outyielded (g dw seed m−2) HF and MBd. Pooled results for all cultivars indicated that application of N regardless of form gave increased yield and
an increased N concentration (mg N g−1 dw) in the seed. 相似文献
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6.
Mark Andrews Alan Brown Jean-Yves Chiva David Fradet David Gordon Mark Lansdell Malcolm MacKenny 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2009,19(8):2329-2332
The reported selective serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitor Litoxetine was used as the starting point in the design of a range of potential SSRIs with high ease of synthetic accessibility. Preparation and subsequent optimization yielded a range of potent and highly selective SSRIs. 相似文献
7.
Relationships between the strongyloid nematodesRugopharynx delta, R. zeta, R. omega, R. longibursaris, R. mawsonae andR. sigma, all from macropodid marsupials, were investigated using allozyme data. The phylogenetic trees derived from the electrophoretic data set were congruent with those of the hosts and were consistent with the hypothesis that the species complex originated in pademelons of the genusThylogale and diversified in rock-wallabies (Petrogale spp.) and scrub wallabies of the subgenusNotamacropus. Host switching is evident only between closely related macropodid taxa. 相似文献
8.
When ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase from Synechococcus (strain RRIMP N1) was precipitated under mildly acidic conditions, most of its small subunits remained in solution. The precipitated enzyme readily redissolved at neutral pH and remained as an octamer of large subunits with some small subunits still attached. Optimum pH for this separation was 5.3 and disulfide-reducing reagents were not necessary. The fraction of small subunits removed by a single precipitation increased with increasing NaCl concentration. Catalytic activity of small subunit-depleted enzyme was linearly proportional to the fraction of small subunits remaining, while the carboxylase:oxygenase activity ratio and the affinity for CO2 remained constant. When isolated small subunits were added back to depleted enzyme preparations at neutral pH, reassociation occurred with return of catalytic activity. Under the usual assay conditions at pH 7.7, the binding constant of the small subunits was estimated to be about 10(-9) M. The small subunits also bound avidly to surfaces. However, loss of small subunits from the enzyme during the course of purification was minimal. The results are consistent with a simple model in which only those large subunits which have a small subunit bound to them are catalytically competent. Thus, an essential, even if indirect, role for the small subunits in catalysis is indicated. 相似文献
9.
The effect of substance P on the regional lymph node antibody response to antigenic stimulation in capsaicin-pretreated rats 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
R D Helme A Eglezos G W Dandie P V Andrews R L Boyd 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》1987,139(10):3470-3473
The undecapeptide substance P (SP) contained in primary afferent nerves is thought to mediate that part of the neurogenic inflammatory response consisting of vasodilation and plasma extravasation. This response is diminished in rats pretreated as neonates with the neurotoxin capsaicin. It is not known whether primary afferent nerves influence cellular responses of the immune response to antigenic stimulation. Using 6- to 12-wk-old Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated as neonates with capsaicin, we examined the regional lymph node response to a s.c. antigenic stimulus of sheep red blood cells. The number of cells secreting antigen-specific antibody in these animals was reduced by more than 80% using direct and indirect plaque assay methods. The reduced antibody response in capsaicin-pretreated animals was reversed by a s.c. infusion of SP given over a 4-hr period at the injection site immediately after antigen stimulation. This response had a threshold at approximately 1.0 X 10(-5) M SP. SP1-7 (1.0 X 10(-5) M) was without effect but an infusion of SP5-11 (1.0 X 10(-5) M) reversed the effects of capsaicin treatment indicating a carboxyl-terminal effect of SP. The results suggest that the reduced response of capsaicin-treated animals to an antigenic stimulus is due to an effect of capsaicin on the SP-containing primary afferent nerves rather than a toxic effect of capsaicin on the immune system. 相似文献
10.
The biotechnology of Bacillus thuringiensis 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
R E Andrews R M Faust H Wabiko K C Raymond L A Bulla 《Critical reviews in biotechnology》1987,6(2):163-232
One of the challenges in the application of biotechnology to pest control is the identification of agents found in nature which can be used effectively. Biotechnology offers the potential of developing pesticides based on such agents which will provide environmentally sound and economically feasible insect control alternatives. Such an agent, the insect pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis, is the subject of intense investigations in several laboratories. Insecticides which use the entomocidal properties of B. thuringiensis are currently produced and sold worldwide; new products are currently in the development stage. Herein, the biology and genetics of B. thuringiensis and the problems associated with current products are critically reviewed with respect to biotechnology. Moreover, the economic and regulatory implications of technologically advanced products are evaluated. 相似文献