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1.
Variations in enzyme activity in stomach and pancreatic tissue and digesta in piglets around weaning
A study was performed to investigate the effect of weaning at 4 weeks of age on the activity of digestive enzymes in the stomach and pancreatic tissue and in digesta from 3 days prior to weaning to 9 days postweaning in 64 piglets. In stomach tissue the activity of pepsin and gastric lipase was determined. Pepsin activity declined abruptly after weaning but 5 days postweaning the weaning level was regained and in the gastric contents no change in pepsin activity was observed. Weaning did not influence the activity of gastric lipase. The activity of eight enzymes and a cofactor was measured in pancreatic tissue. The effect of weaning on the enzyme activity was highly significant for all enzymes except elastase. The activity of all enzymes remained at the weaning level during day 1–2 postweaning followed by a reduction of the activity. The activity of trypsin, carboxypeptidase A, amylase and lipase exhibited minimum activity 5 days postweaning. Trypsin activity increased to the preweaning level on day 7–9 whereas the activity of the others increased but did not reach the preweaning level. The activity of chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase B and carboxyl ester hydrolase decreased during the entire experimental period. In digesta no effect of weaning was observed on the activity of amylase and trypsin. The activity of chymotrypsin was reduced after weaning in the proximal third of the small intestine and lipase and carboxyl ester hydrolase activity was reduced in the middle and distal parts of the small intestine after weaning. The present study shows that the activities of the digestive enzymes in the pancreatic tissue are affected by weaning. Even though the pancreatic secretion cannot be judged from these results they show that the enzymes respond differently to weaning. In general the activity of the digestive enzymes in pancreatic tissue is low on day 5 postweaning which in interaction with other factors may increase the risk of developing postweaning diarrhoea. 相似文献
2.
The ITGAV rs3738919 variant and susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis in four Caucasian sample sets
Jade E Hollis-Moffatt Kerry A Rowley Amanda J Phipps-Green Marilyn E Merriman Nicola Dalbeth Peter Gow Andrew A Harrison John Highton Peter BB Jones Lisa K Stamp Pille Harrison B Paul Wordsworth Tony R Merriman 《Arthritis research & therapy》2009,11(5):R152
Introduction
Angiogenesis is an important process in the development of destructive synovial pannus in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The ITGAV +gene encodes a cell cycle-associated antigen, integrin ανβ 3, which plays a role in RA angiogenesis. Previously, two independent studies identified an association between the major allele of the ITGAV single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3738919 and RA. We therefore tested this association in an independent study using New Zealand (NZ) and Oxford (UK) RA case control samples.Methods
We compared genotype frequencies in 740 NZ Caucasian RA patients and 553 controls genotyped for rs3738919, using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. A TaqMan genotyping SNP assay was used to type 713 Caucasian RA patients and 515 control samples from Oxford for the rs3738919 variant. Association of rs3738919 with RA was tested in these two sample sets using the chi-square goodness-of-fit test. The Mantel-Haenszel test was used to perform a meta-analysis, combining the genetic results from four independent Caucasian case control cohorts, consisting of 3,527 cases and 4,126 controls. Haplotype analysis was also performed using SNPs rs3911238, rs10174098 and rs3738919 in the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, NZ and Oxford case control samples.Results
We found no evidence for association between ITGAV and RA in either the NZ or Oxford sample set (odds ratio [OR] = 0.88, Pallelic = 0.11 and OR = 1.18, Pallelic = 0.07, respectively). Inclusion of these data in a meta-analysis (random effects) of four independent cohorts (3,527 cases and 4,126 controls) weakens support for the hypothesis that rs3738919 plays a role in the development of RA (ORcombined = 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.80 to 1.07; P = 0.29). No consistent haplotype associations were evident.Conclusions
Association of ITGAV SNP rs7378919 with RA was not replicated in NZ or Oxford case control sample sets. Meta-analysis of these and previously published data lends limited support for a role for the ITGAV in RA in Caucasians of European ancestry. 相似文献3.
The effect of a short-term oral administration of potassium cyanide (KCN) (200 ppm in diet) with or without sodium nitrite (NaNO2) pretreatment on rat brain microsomal Ca2± ATPase was investigated. The specific activity value of the enzyme significantly decreased (p<0.05) by 50% compared with control and by 63% for KCN-treated rats compared with KCN-treated rats pretreated with NaNO2. There was no significant difference at the h=0.05 level between the values obtained for the control and KCN-treated rats pretreated with NaNO2. These results show both that feeding lowers brain microsomal Ca2+-ATPase activity and that NaNO2 has a protective role (antidote function) in that respect. 相似文献
4.
JB Parentes-Vieira PV Lopes-Costa CG Pires AR dos Santos JD Pereira-Filho BB da Silva 《International Seminars in Surgical Oncology : ISSO》2007,4(1):22
Background
The objective of this study was to evaluate angiogenesis according to CD34 antigen expression in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and negative breast carcinomas.Methods
This study comprised 64 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma in postmenopausal women divided into two groups: Group A: ER-positive, n = 35; and Group B: ER-negative, n = 29. The anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody was used as a marker for endothelial cells. Microvessel count was carried out in 10 fields per slide using a 40× objective lens (magnification 400×). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Student's t-test (p < 0.05).Results
The mean number of vessels stained with the anti-CD34 antibody in the estrogen receptor-positive and negative tumors was 23.51 ± 1.15 and 40.24 ± 0.42, respectively. The number of microvessels was significantly greater in the estrogen receptor-negative tumors (p < 0.001).Conclusion
ER-negative tumors have significantly greater CD34 antigen expression compared to ER-positive tumors.5.
Olusegun L. Adebayo Alka Khera Rajat Sandhir Gbenga A. Adenuga 《Cell biochemistry and function》2016,34(2):95-103
The roles of protein undernutrition as well as selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) supplementation on the ability of calmodulin (CaM) to activate erythrocyte ghost membrane (EGM) Ca2+‐ATPase and the calmodulin genes and protein expressions in rat's cortex and cerebellum were investigated. Rats on adequate protein diet and protein‐undernourished (PU) rats were fed with diet containing 16% and 5% casein, respectively, for a period of 10 weeks. The rats were then supplemented with Se and Zn at a concentration of 0.15 and 227 mg l−1, respectively, in drinking water for 3 weeks. The results obtained from the study showed significant reductions in synaptosomal plasma membrane Ca2+‐ATPase (PMCA) activity, Ca2+/CaM activated EGM Ca2+ATPase activity and calmodulin genes and protein expressions in PU rats. Se or Zn supplementation improved the ability of Ca2+/CaM to activate EGM Ca2+‐ATPase and protein expressions. Se or Zn supplementation improved gene expression in the cerebellum but not in the cortex. Also, the activity of PMCA was significantly improved by Zn. In conclusion, it is postulated that Se and Zn might be beneficial antioxidants in protecting against neuronal dysfunction resulting from reduced level of calmodulin such as present in protein undernutrition. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
6.
Glauber P Arêas R?de BB Schuab Felipe PG Neves Rosana R Barros 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2014,109(7):935-939
Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for a variety of infectious
diseases and immunological complications. In this study, 91 isolates of S.
pyogenes recovered from oropharynx secretions were submitted to
antimicrobial susceptibility testing, emm typing and pulsed-field
gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. All isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone,
levofloxacin, penicillin G and vancomycin. Resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin
was 15.4%, which is higher than previous reports from this area, while 20.9% of the
isolates were not susceptible to tetracycline. The macrolide resistance phenotypes
were cMLSB (10) and iMLSB (4). The ermB gene was predominant,
followed by the ermA gene. Thirty-two emm types and
subtypes were found, but five (emm1, emm4,
emm12, emm22, emm81) were detected in
48% of the isolates. Three new emm subtypes were identified
(emm1.74, emm58.14, emm76.7).
There was a strong association between emm type and PFGE clustering.
A variety of PFGE profiles as well as emm types were found among
tetracycline and erythromycin-resistant isolates, demonstrating that antimicrobial
resistant strains do not result from the expansion of one or a few clones. This study
provides epidemiological data that contribute to the development of suitable
strategies for the prevention and treatment of such infections in a poorly studied
area. 相似文献
7.
8.
Hollis-Moffatt JE Gow PJ Harrison AA Highton J Jones PB Stamp LK Dalbeth N Merriman TR 《Arthritis research & therapy》2011,13(3):R85
Introduction
The C allele of the nonsynonymous Arg265His (rs3733591) variant of SLC2A9 confers risk for gout in Han Chinese, Solomon Island and Japanese samples, with a stronger role in tophaceous gout. There is no evidence for an association with gout in Caucasian populations. In the present study, we tested rs3733591 for association with gout in New Zealand (NZ) Māori, Pacific Island and Caucasian samples. 相似文献9.
Adenuga GA 《Bioscience reports》2001,21(6):873-877
Ingestion of the mycotoxin Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) by protein-undernourished Fischer F344 rats for twelve weeks resulted in significant (p<0.05) increases in the proliferation of liver cells, reduced body weight and increased microsomal Ca2+-ATPase activity. Cyt. P450 content, -Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) and Glutathione Transferase (GST) activities were unaffected. The ingestion of AFB1 by normal rats had no effect on all the parameters investigated. It appears that the microsomal Ca2+-pumping ATPase of Protein-Undernourished (PU) Fischer F344 rats is more sensitive to the mycotoxin AFB1 than its counterpart in well-nourished rats. The use of PU rat as animal model for studies on AFB1 toxicity, particularly the effect of AFB1 on the regulation of intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i), is suggested. 相似文献
10.
Walcourt A Kurantsin-Mills J Adenuga BB Loyevsky M Kassim OO Gordeuk VR 《Experimental parasitology》2008,120(4):381-384
The presence of sickle hemoglobin causes accumulation of hemoglobin degradative products that favor oxidative reaction in erythrocytes. Artemisinin derivatives exert antiparasite effects through oxidative reactions within infected erythrocytes. Using [3H]-hypoxanthine incorporation, we therefore did an in vitro comparison of IC50 values for artemisinin in Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes from sickle cell trait (AS) and normal (AA) individuals. IC50 values for chloroquine served as control. Without drugs, parasite growth was similar in AA and AS erythrocytes. Gender, age and blood group of donors had no significant effects on parasite growth. IC50 value for artemisinin was 27 ± 14 nM in AS (N = 22) compared to 24 ± 9 nM (N = 27) in AA erythrocytes (P = 0.4). IC50 values for chloroquine were also similar in AA (22 ± 8 nM) and AS (20 ± 11 nM) erythrocytes. These results show no evidence of elevated artemisinin activity on P. falciparum in AS erythrocytes in vitro. 相似文献