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1.
The chief motive behind this research is the interest provoked by the presence of metal ions as necessary stabilizers of the negative charges of phosphate groups in nucleic acids. The effect that the presence of different metal ions produces on the band principally assigned to the nu(s) PO(3)(2-) mode has been studied using FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopy. The results obtained reveal the diagnostic capacity of these techniques in determining the type of metal ion interaction with respect to the mononucleotides that form DNA and RNA, providing a tool for improving the knowledge of the stabilizing or destabilizing effects of these ions on such macromolecules. The metal complexes of the ribonucleotides 5'-CMP and 5'-GMP with Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II), Ba(II), Cr(III), Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Al(III) and Ga(III) were obtained in this study. After studying and analyzing the IR and Raman spectra of all these complexes and comparing them with the spectra of the corresponding disodium salts, it was verified that, independently of the type of nucleotide involved, the presence of the metal in the vicinity of the phosphate group produces an alteration in the aforementioned nu(s) PO(3)(2-) band. This effect is related to the type of interaction that the phosphate group has with the metal. Three components are observed: (1) one near 983-975 cm(-1) (detectable in IR and Raman), associated with phosphate groups in an electrostatic type of interaction with the metal ion, separated by two or more water molecules; (2) another near 989-985 cm(-1) (only in IR), associated with phosphate groups in indirect interaction through the water molecules of the coordination sphere of the metal ions; and (3) the IR and Raman bands near 1014-1001 cm(-1), which represent phosphate groups directly bonded to the metal ion. These results are supported by the behavior of 5'-CMP in aqueous solution in the presence of Mg(II) ions. 相似文献
2.
N-Salicyloyl-N-p-hydroxythiobenzohydrazide (H2STPH) and N-benzoyl-N-thiobenzohydrazide (H2BTBH) and their Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes were prepared and characterized by physicochemical studies. IR and NMR spectral studies imply dibasic tetradentate behaviour of the ligands bonding through `thiolato' sulfur, enolic oxygen and the two hydrazinic nitrogens in a polymeric fashion. The electronic spectra indicate [Ni(STPH)(H2O)2], [Co(STPH)(H2O)2] to be distorted octahedral while [Cu(BTBH)] has a square-planar geometry. In vitro antitumor results of the ligand and the complexes on P-815 (murine mastocytoma) and L-929 (murine fibroblast) indicate that these compounds show significant inhibition of 3H-thymidine and 3H-uridine incorporation in DNA and RNA, respectively, in these tumor cells at dose levels of 1, 2.5 and 5 g cm–3. Antitumor studies suggest that [Cu(BTBH)] has significant dose dependent inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis. In vivo administration of [Cu(BTBH)] and [Ni(STPH)(H2O)2] resulted into prolongation of life span of Dalton's Lymphoma (DL) bearing mice. 相似文献
3.
《Inorganica chimica acta》1988,146(1):65-73
The oxovanadium(IV), acetatomanganese(III), chloroiron(III), nickel(II), copper(II), zinc(II) and palladium(II) of 3,3′-(1,2-phenylenediimino)diacrolein were prepared and investigated by means of mass, electronic, vibrational, NMR and ESR spectroscopy as well as magnetic susceptibility measurements. The acetatomanganese(III) and chloroiron(III) complexes were confirmed to be of high spin type. The absorption bands appearing in the energy range greater than 23 000 cm−1 were attributed to π→π* transitions within a ligand molecule and charge- transfer transitions from metal to ligand. The metal complexes assume the square-planar configuration type since the ligand-field bands were detected in the 12 700–18 500 cm−1 region. Strong bands appearing at 1601 and 1627 cm−1 were assigned to the CC and CO stretching vibrational modes, respectively, and were shifted to lower frequency upon metal-coordination. A VO stretching band was observed at 982 cm−1 for the oxovanadium(IV) complex and a CO stretching band was observed at 1547 cm−1 for the acetatomanganese(III) complex. Upon complex formation the amine proton signal is found to vanish and the aldehydic methine proton signal in the lowest field is shifted upfield for the nickel(II), zinc(II) and palladium(II) complexes. 13C NMR spectra support the coordination structure of the complexes which is revealed by 1H NMR spectra. As judged by the spin Hamiltonian parameters, the oxovanadium(IV) complex is of a square- planar type with an unpaired electron in the dxy orbital and the copper(II) complex assumes a distorted square-planar coordination due to the presence of five- and six-membered chelate rings with an unpaired electron in the dx2−y2 orbital. 相似文献
4.
A new ligand N-Nicotinoyl-N-o-hydroxythiobenzhydrazide (H2Notbh) forms complexes [Mn(Notbh)(H2O)], [M(Notbh)] [M=Ni(II) Cu(II) and Zn(II)] which were characterized by various physico-chemical techniques. All the metal complexes were observed to inhibit the growth of tumor in vitro, whereas, ligand did not. In vivo administration of these complexes resulted in prolongation of survival of tumor bearing mice. Tumor bearing mice administered with metal complexes showed reversal of tumor growth associated induction of apoptosis in lymphocytes. The paper discusses the possible mechanisms and therapeutic implication of the H2Notbh and its metal complexes in tumor regression and tumor growth associated immunosuppression. 相似文献
5.
Olivier Rieppel 《Journal of the history of biology》2012,45(2):253-299
The relatively late acceptance of Darwinism in German biology and paleontology is frequently attributed to a lingering of
Lamarckism, a persisting influence of German idealistic Naturphilosophie and Goethean romanticism. These factors are largely held responsible for the vitalism underlying theories of saltational
and orthogenetic evolutionary change that characterize the writings of many German paleontologists during the first half of
the 20th century. A prominent exponent of that tradition was Karl Beurlen, who is credited with having been the first German
paleontologist to present a full-fledged theory of saltational evolution and orthogenetic change. A review of Beurlen’s writings
reveals motives and concerns far more complex, however, and firmly rooted in contemporary v?lkisch thought and Aryan Science. Beurlen’s mature theory of evolution can indeed be understood as his own contribution to Aryan
Geology and Biology, tainted as it was with National-Socialist ideology. Evolutionary biologists of the time who opposed the
theories of Beurlen and like-minded authors, i.e., idealistic morphology, typology, saltational change, orthogenesis and cyclism
did so on Darwinian principles, which ultimately prevailed. But at the time when the battle was fought, their adherence to
the principle of natural selection was likewise ideologically tainted, namely in terms of racial theory. National-Socialist
ideology was unable to forge a unity of evolutionary theory in Germany even amongst those of its proponents who endorsed this
ideology. 相似文献
6.
The mRNA levels of neuropoietic cytokines, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and their receptor components (CNTFR, LIFR, IL-6R, and gp130) were examined in seventy-six patients with various peripheral neuropathies to determine the extent of expression of these cytokines and receptors, and their relationship to nerve fiber pathology and cell infiltration in the diseased nerves. The CNTF mRNA levels were significantly decreased in the diseased nerves and were correlated to residual myelinated fiber population. In contrast, the mRNA levels of LIF, IL-6 and the ligand-binding receptor components (CNTFR, LIFR and IL-6R) were elevated to variable extent in the diseased nerves. The CNTFR, LIFR, and IL-6R mRNA levels showed a weak positive correlation with the extent of demyelinating pathology and their levels were related to each other. Moreover, the CNTF and LIF mRNA levels were inversely proportional to the extent of macrophage invasion, whereas the CNTFR and IL-6R mRNA expressions were correlated to the increase in macrophage infiltration. The neuropoietic cytokine family and its receptor expressions in the diseased human nerves are regulated by an underlying pathology-related process rather than type of diseases, and could play a role in peripheral nerve regeneration and repair. 相似文献
7.
Adrenergic-receptor beta2 (ADRB2) and beta3 (ADRB3) are obesity genes that play a key role in the regulation of energy balance by increasing lipolysis and thermogenesis. The Glu27 allele in ADRB2 and the Arg64 allele in ADRB3 are associated with abdominal obesity and early onset of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in many ethnic groups. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG) is required for adipocyte differentiation. Pro12Ala mutation decreases PPARG activity and resistance to NIDDM. In humans, energy-expense alleles, Gln27 in ADRB2 and Trp64 in ADRB3, are at higher frequencies than Glu27 and Arg64, respectively, but Ala12 in PPARG is at lower frequency than Pro12. Adaptation of humans for lipolysis, thermogenesis, and reduction of fat accumulation could be considered by examining which alleles in these genes are dominant in non-human primates (NHP). All NHP (P. troglodytes, G. gorilla, P. pygmaeus, H. agilis and macaques) had energy-thrifty alleles, Gly16 and Glu27 in ADRB2, and Arg64 in ADRB3, but did not have energy-expense alleles, Arg16, Gln27 and Trp64 alleles. In PPARG gene, all NHP had large adipocyte accumulating type, the Pro12 allele. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that a tendency to produce much more heat through the energy-expense alleles developed only in humans, who left tropical rainforests for savanna and developed new features in their heat-regulation systems, such as reduction of body hair and increased evaporation of water, and might have helped the protection of entrails from cold at night, especially in glacial periods. 相似文献
8.
DH Seo JH Jung JE Lee EJ Jeon W Kim CS Park 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2012,95(6):1417-1425
Arbutins (α- and β-arbutins) are glycosylated hydroquinones that are commercially used in the cosmetic industry. These compounds have an inhibitory function against tyrosinase, a critical enzyme for generating pigments, which leads to the prevention of melanin formation, resulting in a whitening effect on the skin. Although β-arbutin is found in various plants including bearberry, wheat, and pear, α-arbutin and other arbutin derivatives are synthesized by chemical and enzymatic methods. This article presents a mini-review of recent studies on the production of α-arbutin and other α- and β-arbutin derivatives via enzymatic bioconversion methods. In addition, the structures of α- and β-arbutin derivatives and their biological activities are discussed. The catalytic characteristics of various enzymes used in the biosynthesis of arbutin derivatives are also reviewed. 相似文献
9.
Marie-Claude Fulchignoni-Lataud Josiane Szpirer Göran Levan Mary C. Weiss 《Mammalian genome》1992,3(1):42-45
The chromosomal localization of four genes which are expressed mainly in the liver has been undertaken for the rat. Using a panel of hybrid clones segregating rat chromosomes, and Southern blot analysis, 1-AT (PI), PEPCK, ADH and FDP are assigned to rat Chromosomes (Chr) 6, 3, 2 and 17, respectively. Groups of synteny among rat, mouse and human species are discussed in relationship to the new assignments. 相似文献
10.
Masayuki Sakakibara Masanao Matsui 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(5):1131-1137
The syntheses of three dl-demethylvariotins are described. 相似文献
11.
The incidental finding of DM's, minutes, HSR's, PCC, and PCD in two completely unrelated cases--one is a prenatal diagnosis in a twin pregnancy complicated by hydramnios and feto-fetal exsanguination, the other is an adult Klinefelter patient--raises the question whether such findings are coincidental or whether there is a common denominator in such cases. Possible relationships between these phenomena and the observed cases are discussed. 相似文献
12.
Radina P. Soebiyanto Diane Gross Pernille Jorgensen Silke Buda Michal Bromberg Zalman Kaufman Katarina Prosenc Maja Socan Tomás Vega Alonso Marc-Alain Widdowson Richard K. Kiang 《PloS one》2015,10(8)
Background
Studies in the literature have indicated that the timing of seasonal influenza epidemic varies across latitude, suggesting the involvement of meteorological and environmental conditions in the transmission of influenza. In this study, we investigated the link between meteorological parameters and influenza activity in 9 sub-national areas with temperate and subtropical climates: Berlin (Germany), Ljubljana (Slovenia), Castile and León (Spain) and all 6 districts in Israel.Methods
We estimated weekly influenza-associated influenza-like-illness (ILI) or Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) incidence to represent influenza activity using data from each country’s sentinel surveillance during 2000–2011 (Spain) and 2006–2011 (all others). Meteorological data was obtained from ground stations, satellite and assimilated data. Two generalized additive models (GAM) were developed, with one using specific humidity as a covariate and another using minimum temperature. Precipitation and solar radiation were included as additional covariates in both models. The models were adjusted for previous weeks’ influenza activity, and were trained separately for each study location.Results
Influenza activity was inversely associated (p<0.05) with specific humidity in all locations. Minimum temperature was inversely associated with influenza in all 3 temperate locations, but not in all subtropical locations. Inverse associations between influenza and solar radiation were found in most locations. Associations with precipitation were location-dependent and inconclusive. We used the models to estimate influenza activity a week ahead for the 2010/2011 period which was not used in training the models. With exception of Ljubljana and Israel’s Haifa District, the models could closely follow the observed data especially during the start and the end of epidemic period. In these locations, correlation coefficients between the observed and estimated ranged between 0.55 to 0.91and the model-estimated influenza peaks were within 3 weeks from the observations.Conclusion
Our study demonstrated the significant link between specific humidity and influenza activity across temperate and subtropical climates, and that inclusion of meteorological parameters in the surveillance system may further our understanding of influenza transmission patterns. 相似文献13.
Liseth Pérez Rita Bugja Julia Lorenschat Mark Brenner Jason Curtis Philipp Hoelzmann Gerald Islebe Burkhard Scharf Antje Schwalb 《Hydrobiologia》2011,661(1):407-433
This study presents limnological and morphological characteristics, physical and chemical properties of waters, and geochemistry
of surface sediments for 63 aquatic ecosystems located on the karst Yucatán Peninsula and surrounding areas of Belize and
the Guatemalan highlands and eastern lowlands. Our principal goal was to classify the aquatic systems based on their water
variables. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the surface water chemistry data showed that a large fraction of the variance
(29%) in water chemistry is explained by conductivity and major ion concentrations. The broad conductivity range, from 168
to 55,300 μS cm−1 reflects saline water intrusion affecting coastal aquatic environments, and the steep NW–S precipitation gradient, from ~450
to >3,200 mm year−1. Coastal waterbodies Celestún and Laguna Rosada displayed the highest conductivities. Minimum surface water temperatures
of 21.6°C were measured in highland lakes, and warmest temperatures, up to 31.7°C, were recorded in the lowland waterbodies.
Most lakes showed thermal stratification during the sampling period, with the exception of some shallow (<10 m) systems. Lakes
Chichancanab, Milagros, and Bacalar displayed sulfate-rich waters. Waters of sinkholes had relatively high conductivities
(<3,670 μS cm−1) and a broad range of δ18O values (−4.1 to +3.8‰). Ca, HCO3, and SO4 dominated the waters of the lowland lakes, whereas Na was the dominant cation in highland lakes. Coastal aquatic ecosystems
were dominated by Na and Cl. Cluster analysis based on surface water variables classified aquatic environments of the lowlands
and highlands into three groups: (1) lowland lakes, ponds, wetlands, and coastal waterbodies (2) highland lakes, and (3) sinkholes
and rivers. A broad trophic state gradient was recorded, ranging from the eutrophic Lake Amatitlán and the Timul sinkhole
to oligotrophic Laguna Ayarza, with the highest water transparency (11.4 m). We used major and trace elements in surface sediments
to assess pollution of waterbodies. Lakes Amatitlán, Atescatempa, El Rosario, Cayucón, Chacan-Lara, La Misteriosa, rivers
Subín and Río Dulce, the wetland Jamolún, and the sinkhole Petén de Monos showed evidence of pollution and urban development.
Their surface sediments displayed high concentrations of As, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn, and Zr, which suggest moderate to strong
pollution. 相似文献
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15.
《Inorganica chimica acta》1986,123(2):87-90
Derivatives of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with 3′AMP and 2′AMP were synthesized and characterized by IR UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. There seems to be bonding of the metal ion to the base in all cases. The activation test, using the complexes as allosteric labels, was carried out with rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase b, but the enzyme was not activated, confirming that the phosphate group must necessarily be bonded to position 5′ of the ribose in order to activate this enzyme. 相似文献
16.
Vochysia palmirana is described and illustrated as a new species. It is a member of sect.Vochysiella subsect.Decorticantes. It grows in sandy Cerrados of the Central Brazilian Plateau and is similar toV. sessilifolia. A key to the species ofVochysia sect.Vochysiella subsect.Decorticantes is provided. 相似文献
17.
Veronesi MC De Amicis I Panzani S Kindahl H Govoni N Probo M Carluccio A 《Theriogenology》2011,75(8):1489-1498
Many hormones are involved in the regulation of male reproductive functions, controlling sexual behavior, and influencing sexual arousal, the onset of erection and ejaculation, and the post-ejaculatory detumescence. The aims of this study were to analyze the plasma concentrations of 15-ketodihydro-PGF2α (PGFM), LH, testosterone (T), oestrone sulphate (OS), and cortisol (C) in relation to sexual stimulation and to evaluate the possible correlations among circulating hormones and between hormones and semen characteristics in the donkey stallion. Thirteen sexually experienced Martina Franca jackass of proven fertility were enrolled and semen was collected through an artificial vagina. Plasma samples were collected at 12, 9, 6 and 3 min before oestrous jenny exposure, at the first erection in the mating arena in the presence of an oestrous jenny, during ejaculation, at dismounting, 3, 6, 9 and 12 min after ejaculation in box, and then every 10 min during the following 50 min. PGFM showed an increasing trend with significant differences between the pre-ejaculatory and post-ejaculatory period, suggesting a role of this hormone in the control of ejaculation. LH showed a significantly higher concentration at ejaculation compared to last samples, while T showed significantly higher levels at erection, ejaculation and dismounting, probably for its influence on these processes and on sexual behavior. Finally, OS did not show any difference in the period of observation, while C presented a significant increase only 22 minutes after erection. The only hormonal correlation found was a positive one between LH and T at erection and dismounting, while T and OS were positively correlated with total and progressive motility, respectively. 相似文献
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Viktor Markó Gábor Jenser Krisztina Mihályi Tamás Hegyi Klára Balázs 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2012,22(1):39-60
Flowering companion plants provide nectar, pollen, alternative prey, shelter, and overwintering habitat for arthropod natural enemies and thus might increase their abundance and efficacy in pest control in agricultural fields. We report the results of a 6-year study on the effects of annual and perennial flowering herbs sown in alleys of an apple orchard on phytophagous and predacious mites, leafminer moths and their parasitoids and on pests causing fruit injury. Plots with weed-free bare ground and with regularly mowed grass served as controls. The abundance and diversity of predatory phytoseiid mites increased in the presence of flowering ground cover plants. However, this positive effect on phytoseiids was confined only to spring and autumn and intraguild predation (Typhlodromus pyri gradually displaced Amblyseius andersoni in the presence of flowers) also constrained their enhancement. Spider mites’ (Tetranychidae) abundance was low in all years and did not increase with the alley herb coverage. Incidence of the leafminer Leucoptera malifoliella was similar among the treatments despite the higher parasitism rate and parasitoid diversity in the plot with flowering herbs. We demonstrated that in the presence of flowering ground cover plants, the sex ratio of eulophid parasitoids' (mainly Chrysocharis pentheus) reared from L. malifoliella larvae and pupae shifted towards a male bias. Ground cover management had no effect on fruit injury caused by codling moth (Cydia pomonella) and summer fruit tortrix moth (Adoxophyes orana) and on the percentage of apples without insect damage. 相似文献