伤害性刺激诱发体感皮层单位放电的互协方差函数分析

用伤害性刺激猫的腓浅神经（ＰＮ）诱发体感皮层Ⅰ区（ＳⅠ）单位放电（ＥＤ）,以放电阵列图和标准化互协方差函数进行定量分析。结果显示,用２５Ｖ刺激时引起Ａ类和Ｃ类纤维传入,在ＳⅠ记录到潜伏期为１４．８±５．０ｍｓ的早期ＥＤ（Ｅ）,与用３Ｖ弱刺激ＰＮ时只引起单纯Ａ类纤维传入引起的放电反应比较,潜伏期无显著区别。用极化电流阻断Ａ类纤维传入后,单纯Ｃ类传入只引起潜伏期为２２２．６±２８．７ｍｓ的晚期ＥＤ（Ｌ）或１２９．２４±２３ｍｓ的中期ＥＤ（Ｍ）,Ｍ、Ｌ可相互抑制,也可被Ａ类纤维传入所抑制。静脉注射镇痛剂吗啡后,Ｍ和Ｌ显著减少,Ｅ变化不显著。提示Ｃ类纤维传入可能分两类分别到达ＳⅠ区引起两种不同潜伏期的诱发放电,均与疼痛关系密切,都可作为慢痛反应的指标。     

NA和5－HT对小脑脑片浦肯野细胞自发及诱发电活动的影响

在大鼠小脑脑片上观察了ＮＡ和５－ＨＴ对浦肯野细胞（ＰＣ）的自发放电活动及由白质刺激所引起的诱发放电活动的影响。结果表明：（１）ＮＡ使ＰＣ产生抑制、兴奋和双相反应,以抑制反应为主（７９．８％）;５－ＨＴ引起ＰＣ兴奋和抑制反应,以兴奋反应略多（５７．８％）。（２）先后灌流ＮＡ和５－ＨＴ对同一个ＰＣ自发放电的影响主要为抑制（ＮＡ）－兴奋（５－ＨＴ）（５３．８％）。（３）ＮＡ对ＰＣ的诱发复杂锋电位（ＣＳ）和简单锋电位（ＳＳ）反应,主要产生增强效应（５７．１％和６２．８％）;５－ＨＴ对ＰＣ诱发ＣＳ和ＳＳ反应则主要产生压抑作用（６０．０％和６８．２％）。（４）先后灌流ＮＡ和５－ＨＴ对同一个ＰＣ的诱发ＣＳ和ＳＳ反应,主要表现为ＮＡ对这两种诱发反应的增强和５－ＨＴ的压抑效应（６０．０％和５２．９％）。这些结果提示,ＮＡ能和５－ＨＴ能传入纤维可以通过释放ＮＡ和５－ＨＴ调节ＰＣ的兴奋性水平并改变ＰＣ对爬行纤维和苦状纤维突触传入的反应敏感性,影响小脑皮层神经元网络的感觉运动整合过程。     

心房钠尿肽对大鼠主动脉弓压力感受器活动的影响

在隔离灌流的大鼠主动脉弓－主动脉神经标本上,观察了心房肽Ⅲ（ａｔｒｉｏｐｅｐｔｉｎⅢ,ＡＰⅢ）对主动脉弓压力感受器活动的影响。主动脉弓内压保持１３．３ｋＰａ条件下向灌流液中加入ＡＰⅢ（２．０μｇ／ｍｌ）后,主动脉神经传入放电较对照值增加６４±２７％（Ｐ＜０．００１）;升降灌流压时,主动脉神经传入放电随之增减,饱和压（ＳＰ）由２２．５±０．５降至２１．３±０．５ｋＰａ（Ｐ＜０．０５）,工作范围（ＯＲ）由１２．１±０．４降至１０．６±０．４ｋＰａ（Ｐ＜０．０５）,阈压（ＴＰ）无明显变化;压力感受器机能曲线向左上方移位,曲线的最大积分值（ＰＩＶ）由５０８±６６％增至７３０±５２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）,曲线最大斜率（ＰＳ）由５５．６±７．５增至９３．２±６．８％·ｋＰａ－１（Ｐ＜０．０５）;冲洗掉ＡＰⅢ后,主动脉神经传入放电基本恢复至对照水平．主动脉弓内压保持在１３．３ｋＰａ条件下,向灌流液中加入硝普钠（ＮＰ,１．０μｇ／ｍｌ）,主动脉神经传入放电虽有所减少,但无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）;升降灌流压时,ＴＰ,ＳＰ,ＯＲ均无明显变化,对压力感受器机能曲线及ＰＳ也无显著影响,而ＰＩＶ由６６７±７８降至５０２±７４％（Ｐ＜     

刺激大鼠视上核后电针“足三里”对蓝斑灌流液中去甲肾上腺素含量的影响

运用行为测痛结合蓝斑（ＬＣ）灌流液去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）的高压液相（ＨＰＬＣ）测定；观察 大鼠痛阈（ＰＴ）与ＬＣ灌流液中去甲肾上腺素含量变化间的相互关系，结果表明：（ｌ）视上核 （ＳＯＮ）内注射 １０μｍＬ－谷氨酸（Ｌ－ｇｌｕｔａｍｉｃａｃｉｄ， Ｌ－Ｇｌｕ）后 ３０分钟，大鼠ＰＴ较注射前增加１３３． ２± ２１．４％，此时ＬＣ 灌流液中ＮＥ含量从注射前的４３７．３±２０．４ｎｇ／ｍｌ降到２２９．２±１１．９ｎｇ／ｍｌ，注射 后６０分钟ＰＴ仍比注射前高８３．９±１４．７％，而灌流液中ＮＥ的含量为３２８．６±２８．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，与人工 脑脊液（ＡＣＳＦ）对照组相比有非常明显的差别（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．００１）。（２） ＳＯＮ注射Ｌ－Ｇｌｕ后，电 针足三里３０分钟（Ｌ－ＧＩＵ＋ＥＡ组）增加到注射前的１８８．２±２３．９％，同ＡＣＳＦ电针组（ＡＣＳＦ＋ ＥＡ）的 ９４．９±７．１％相比有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。此时ＬＣ灌流液中ＮＥ的含量虽较注射前都明显 降低、分别为１３７．６±７．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ和 １５１，１±１１．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ，但两者相比无明显差异。停针后３０分钟Ｌ－ Ｇｌｕ＋ＥＡ组的ＰＴ仍比注射前高１３３．８±２７．９％，明显高于     

DDPH对猪肺动脉平滑肌细胞PDGF·BB和bFGF表达的影响：免疫细胞化学研究

ＤＤＰＨ［１－（２．６－二甲基苯乙氧基）－２－（３．４二甲氧基苯乙胺基）丙烷盐酸盐］是南京药科大学合成的降压新化合物,也具有降低肺动脉高压和抑制肺动脉平滑肌细胞增殖作用。本实验用细胞培养、免疫细胞化学、图像分析、３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ、细胞周期测定等方法,进一步探讨ＤＤＰＨ对缺氧性肺动脉平滑肌细胞（ＰＡＳＭＣＳ）增殖的抑制机制。结果：缺氧促进肺动脉内皮细胞（ＰＡＥＣｓ）的ＰＤＧＦ·ＢＢ和ｂＦＧＦ两种生长因子的表达（积分光密度ＯＤ值）增高。缺氧内皮细胞条件培养液（ＨＥＣＣＭ）能促进ＰＡＳＭＣＳ的ＰＤＧＦ·ＢＢ的ＯＤ值增高,ｂＦＧＦ的ＯＤ值无明显改变。加药组（ＨＥＣ－ＣＭ＋ＤＤＰＨ）的ＰＤＧＦ·ＢＢ和ｂＦＧＦ的ＯＤ值均显著降低,尤以ＰＤＧＦ·ＢＢ的ＯＤ值减少最多．提示：ＤＤＰＨ能抑制ＨＥＣＣＭ引起ＰＡＳＭＣＳ的ＰＤＧＦ·ＢＢ和ｂＦＧＦ表达增多和细胞增殖。结果与大鼠实验观察相符。     

去甲肾上腺素对刺激隐神经诱发大鼠体感皮层单位放电的调制

本实验观察微电泳去甲肾上腺素（ＮＡ）及肾上腺素能体拮抗剂育亨宾和心得安对刺激隐神经引起的大鼠大脑皮层体感Ⅰ区诱发单位放电（ＳＩ－ＳＥＵＤ）的影响。用计算机对ＳＩ－ＳＥＵＤ作放电点过程分析和标准化互协方差函数（ＮＣＣＶＦ）处理,小剂量（５－３５ｎＡ）ＮＡ对ＳＩ－ＳＥＵＤ主要起抑制作用,大剂量主要起易化作用,中等剂量作用不显著。ＮＡ对强的ＳＩ－ＳＥＵＤ主要起抑制作用,对弱的则主要起易化作用;提示ＮＡ可     

人主动脉硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖对培养的人血管壁细胞生长的作用

通过培养的人主动脉平滑肌细胞（ｈＡＳＭＣ）及脐静脉内皮细胞（ｈＵＶＥＣ）,应用３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入、Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ分析、逆转录多聚酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）、放射免疫分析（ＲＩＡ）、和紫外比色法等技术观察了人主动脉中硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖（ＨＳＰＧ）对ｈＡＳＭＣ和ｈＵＶＥＣＤＮＡ合成的作用及对血小板源生长因子（ＰＤＧＦ）、ＰＤＧＦ受体、转化生长因子β（ＴＧＦ－β）、内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）或碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）基因表达和肾素－血管紧张系统（ＲＡＳ）的影响,结果显示,ＨＳＰＧ明显抑制培养的ｈＡＳＭＣ基础的ＤＮＡ合成（ｃｐｍ值为：１０３８５±３２６３ｖｓ,２５５４１±６４２１,Ｐ＜０．０１）及外源性ＰＤＧＦ诱导的ＤＮＡ合成（ｃｐｍ值为：９８７８±１９４７ｖｓ．１３４８１±４４ｌ０,Ｐ＜０．０５）;抑制ＰＤＧＦＡ链、ＴＧＦ－Ｂｐ和ＥＴ－１ｍＲＮＡ表达,提高ＰＤＧＦａ和β受体ｍＲＮＡ的表达;显著降低ｈＡＳＭＣ培养液中血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡｎｇⅡ）的浓度和血管紧张素转换酶（ＡＣＥ）的活性,推测ＨＳＰＧ抑制ＰＤＧＦＡ链、ＴＧＦ－β及ＥＴ－１ｍＲＮＡ表达,降低ＡＣＥ活性及ＡｎｇⅡ浓度是其抑制ｈＡＳＭＣ增殖的重要机     

中国美绥螨属一新纪录种

中国美绥螨属一新纪录种ＡＮＥＷＬＹＲＥＣＯＲＤＥＤＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＡＭＥＲＯＳＥＩＵＳＦＲＯＭＣｈｉｎＡ￥／／（ＡＣＡＲＩ：ＡＭＥＲＯＳＥｌｌＤＡＥ）畏美绥螨Ａｍｅｍｉｒｕｓｐｏｖｉｄｕｓ（Ｃ．Ｌ．Ｋｏｃ,１８３９）中国新纪录。雌螨体长２８３·３—...     

天花粉蛋白Glu160在N-糖苷酶活性中的作用

用浸泡法得到了（Ｅ１６０Ａ）天花粉蛋白（ｔｒｉｃｈｏｓａｎｔｈｉｎ, ＴＣＳ）,（Ｅ１６０Ｄ）ＴＣＳ与Ａｄｅ 和（Ｅ１６０Ａ）ＴＣＳ与ＦＭＰ复合物的晶体．在Ｍａｒ Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ 面探测器系统上分别收集了０．２０ ｎｍ ,０．１９ｎｍ 和０．２０５ ｎｍ 分辨率的Ｘ 射线衍射数据,数据处理用Ｍａｒ Ｓｃａｌｅ 程序系统完成．用同晶差值Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ法解析了（Ｅ１６０Ａ）ＴＣＳ－Ａｄｅ,（Ｅ１６０Ｄ）ＴＣＳ－Ａｄｅ 和（Ｅ１６０Ａ）ＴＣＳ－ＦＭＰ的晶体结构,结构修正利用Ｘ－ＰＬＯＲ程序,修正结果,晶体学Ｒ因子分别为０．１６６,０．１７６,０．１７９．键长和键角的ＲＭＳ偏差分别为０．００１０ ｎｍ 和２．５０３°,０．００１３ ｎｍ 和２．６６５°,０．００１２ ｎｍ 和２．６７６°．在这三个结构中均未见到Ｇｌｕ１８９侧链方向的改变．Ａｄｅ 或ＦＭＰ仍结合在Ｎ－糖苷酶活性口袋之中,它夹在Ｔｙｒ７０和Ｔｙｒ１１１两个侧链环之间,与Ｔｙｒ７０环近乎平行．这一结果表明：ＴＣＳ中的Ｇｌｕ１６０分别突变成Ａｌａ 和Ａｓｐ,仍能与ＡＭＰ发生Ｎ－糖苷酶反应,但是活性降低了一些．可见Ｇｌｕ１６０对ＴＣＳ与ＡＭＰ的作用是重要的,但不是必要的．     

Ca^2＋敏感性微电极在心肌胞浆Ca^2＋活度检测中的应用

改进的中性载体Ｃａ２＋敏感性微电极（Ｃａ－ＩＳＥ）在尖端直径为０．４—０．８μｍ时仍具有良好特性,可用于心肌胞浆Ｃａ２＋活度（αＣａｉ）的检测。测得豚鼠右心乳头肌、狗心室肌和浦肯野纤维静息时分别为０．１９±０．０１（ｎ＝２２）,０．２０±０．０２（ｎ＝１１）和０．４６±０．０７（ｎ＝１３）μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。毒毛旋花苷Ｇ３μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１使静态及动态心肌分别增高０．１８±０．０２和６．６９±２．０９μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１（ｎ＝２２）,并出现触发活动（ＴＡ）。１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１蝙蝠葛碱可抑制毒毛旋花苷Ｇ引起的增高,同时使其ＴＡ消失。表明Ｃａ－ＩＳＥ技术可用于心肌组织ＴＡ与的同步检测。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.