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A taxonomic study of the Rana narina complex, with description of three new species (Amphibia: Ranidae) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
MASAFUMI MATSUI 《Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society》1994,111(4):385-415
A morphometric and electrophoretic survey was conducted to examine taxonomic relationships among eight population samples of the Rana narina complex from the Ryukyu Archipelago of Japan and Taiwan. Five discrete morphotypes are differentiated, and these showed considerable genetic differentiation from each other. From the available information, each of the five morphotypes is judged to represent a species, and three are described as new. Rana utsunomiyaorum sp. nov. and R. supranarina sp. nov. are sympatric in Ishigakijima and Iriomotejima islands of the Yaeyama Group, and differ from the other members by having a shorter hindlimb. Rana utsunomiyaorum is the smallest in the complex, while R. supranarina is the largest. Rana amamiensis sp. nov . occurs on Amamioshima and Tokunoshima islands of the Amami Group and, like R. narina from Okinawajima of the Okinawa Group, has a long hindlimb; it differs from the latter species by having a larger body and relatively small tympanum. These two species differ from R. swinhoana from Taiwan by having a narrower disk on the third finger. A key to known species of the complex is given. Further, syslematics of the R. narina complex within Rana , body size in the two sympatric species, and sexual dimorphism found in this complex are discussed. 相似文献
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U. Sinsch Brbel Eblenkamp 《Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research》1994,32(1):35-43
The allozyme variation among water frogs of the species R. balcanica, R. levantina and R. ridibunda, all formerly considered as one species (R. ridibunda Pallas, 1771), was studied using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Blood samples (N # 63) of frogs were collected from five populations in Greece and Israel. Samples (N = 9) of the hybrid frog R. esculenta collected from a locality in Germany were used as an outgroup for phylogenetic analyses. Fifteen enzymes controlled by twenty presumptive loci were identified. Thirteen loci were polymorphic within or among the studied populations. Genetic differentiation among the species was considerably greater than among populations of the same species. Even at Nestos River where R. ridibunda and R. balcanica occur in the same habitats, individuals could be assigned to either species due to characteristic differences of the genotypes (GPI1). This indicates reproductive isolation among these species. The reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships among the three species based on the allozyme data corroborated the model presented on the basis of bioacoustic data: R. ridibunda and R. balcanica (Nei's genetic distance D = 0.0820) are sibling species pertaining to an Eurasian lineage, whereas R. levantina (distance to the European species D = 0.1780 - 0.1955) together with R. perezi represent an independent afroasian lineage. 相似文献
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为检验阿尔泰林蛙(Rana altaica)的系统发育地位及其物种有效性,该文运用线粒体细胞色素b基因,应用贝叶斯分析和最大简约方法构建了欧哑人陆分布的部分林蛙的系统发育关系.两种分析方法均支持阿尔泰林蛙在田野林蛙(R.arvalis)这一分支的内部.单倍型网络图显示来自阿尔泰地区和中西伯利亚地区所谓的阿尔泰林蛙与田野林蛙有共享单倍型.通过该文母系遗传发育分析结果显爪阿尔泰林蛙种级地位不成立,是田野林蛙的同物异名.另外,该文实验分析结果提示,对中国分布的林蛙内部种组划分应建立在系统进化关系的基础上重新进行评估. 相似文献
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从保护生物学角度对广西大瑶山Rana johnsi Smith,1921的的栖息地和繁殖地生境、 繁殖生物学及蝌蚪的特点等进行了初步探讨。该蛙在大瑶山主要分布在海拔800m左右的一个狭窄区域,10月至次年1月下山繁殖,有效性比为5:1。蝌蚪唇齿式为Ⅰ:5—5/1—1:Ⅳ和Ⅰ:4—4/1—1:Ⅳ,越冬后在5~6月完成变态。由于人为和自然因素的影响,该蛙种群受到严重威胁,应加强保护管理和宣传教育。 相似文献
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舟山群岛变态后牛蛙的食性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
牛蛙(Ranacatesbeiana)是极其危险的外来入侵种,对当地生物类群的捕食是其主要的危害机制,但目前有关其食性的研究均只局限于一个研究地点。为了全面评估牛蛙对当地生物类群的捕食影响,2005年6月30日至8月11日期间,作者采用洗胃法对舟山群岛8个岛屿(岱山、六横、秀山、佛渡、桃花、虾峙、册子和普陀山)变态后牛蛙的食性进行了研究。共采集到变态后的牛蛙391只,包括牛蛙成体113只和亚成体278只。食性分析结果表明:(1)按食物体积计算,成年牛蛙以十足目、鞘翅目、蜻蜓目、中腹足目、蛙形目和鲤形目为主要食物,亚成体牛蛙以十足目、鞘翅目、鲤形目、蜻蜓目、直翅目、膜翅目、鳞翅目幼虫、中腹足目和蛙形目为主要食物;成体和亚成体牛蛙胃中食物的平均大小均随其体长增加而增大;(2)不同岛屿上的牛蛙在主要食物类型构成上存在差异。这表明牛蛙在不同地方对不同生物类群造成的捕食危害是不一样的,充分反映了其生态危害的广泛性。 相似文献
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两种蛙Sox基因的PCR-SSCP分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用PCR技术,以参考人SRI,基因HMG-box的保守区序列而设计一对特异引物,扩增了黑斑蛙和金线蛙的Sox基因。结果两种蛙的雌雄个体均扩增出217bp的基因片段,与人对照相同。对扩增产物进行SSCP分析显示,两种蛙雌雄个体间的单链迁移率相同,两种蛙之间差异较小,而与人有较大差异。测序表明,两种蛙的Sox序列之间以及与各类物种的Sox基因都有非常高的相似性,充分显示出Sox基因在系统进化上的高度保守性。 相似文献
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生活史的研究可以为系统发育研究和珍稀濒危物种的保护和管理对策的制定提供参考资料。林蛙是我国分布比较广泛而复杂多样的一个类群,在山东半岛的昆嵛山和崂山,分别分布有昆嵛林蛙(Rana kunyuensis)和中国林蛙(R.chensinensis)。本文报道我们从1997年到2006年,对这两种林蛙在山东半岛的地理分布、繁殖习性、蝌蚪特征和生长发育以及冬眠等方面的调查和观察研究结果。结果表明昆嵛林蛙和分布于崂山的中国林蛙尽管在栖息地生境方面比较相似,但在生活史方面表现出较大的不同。 相似文献
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We characterized 15 microsatellite loci for the lowland leopard frog (Rana yavapaiensis) and the relict leopard frog (R. onca) for future studies of population genetic structure and relatedness. Analysis of 20 individuals from single populations of each species showed that all markers were polymorphic in at least one species. Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0 to 0.94 and from 0.11 to 0.85, respectively, and there were three to 11 alleles per locus. No loci were in linkage disequilibrium, but six loci deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and the presence of a null allele was detected in two of these loci. 相似文献
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滇蛙和昭觉林蛙的形态差异及其潜在的适应意义 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:9
以比较解剖学的方法,观察和比较了采自1997年8月-2000年9月的滇蛙(♂16,♀14)和昭觉林蛙(♂17,♀17)标本的外部形态、肌肉和骨骼。结果显示,两种蛙的皮肤颜色不同;滇蛙的鳞骨比昭觉林蛙的发达;滇蛙雄性个体具声囊,而昭觉林蛙则无;滇蛙和昭觉林蛙的肱三头肌、股三头肌和胫部的肌肉有显著或极显著差异;昭觉林蛙的四肢骨骼较滇蛙的细长,腰带坐骨结节较突出,髋臼也较大;两种蛙头部扩大的骨骼不同;滇蛙腹直肌具腱划4条,昭觉林蛙5条。两种蛙的这些形态差异与其栖息的小生境及生活方式的差异相适应。 相似文献
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2021年11月在沈阳市辽中区蒲河湿地公园(41°30′55″ N,122°78′30″ E,海拔30 m)采集到2号无尾两栖类标本,经形态特征比较确认为无尾目(Anura)蛙科(Ranidae)蛙属(Rana)物种,基于线粒体16S rRNA基因对蛙属19个物种的亲缘关系及系统发育进行分析,其与韩国及中国山东文登昆嵛山分布的韩国林蛙(R. coreana)遗传距离最近,并在最大似然树中聚为一支,应属种内关系。综合形态分析和系统发育比较,确定采集到的标本为韩国林蛙,系辽宁省两栖动物分布新记录种。本次发现将辽宁省分布的蛙属物种增至5种。 相似文献
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为进一步研究和开发高效广谱天然抗生素的抗菌肽,本文克隆东北林蛙(Rana dybowskii)的抗菌肽基因,并预测其成熟肽的有关性质。根据蛙属抗菌肽信号肽末端序列设计简并引物,以RT-PCR技术扩增皮肤中抗菌肽的cDNA,并进行克隆测序。用生物信息学软件分析cDNA序列特点,预测成熟肽的理化性质。研究发现一种长度为28个氨基酸残基的新抗菌肽dybowsin-1,该肽具有Rana box结构;与已发现的抗菌肽仅有35%的同源性;理论等电点在9.70-10.01之间;均呈阳离子性;从第3或4个氨基酸开始到第16个氨基酸形成α-螺旋结构,极性氨基酸位于螺旋轮的一侧,非极性氨基酸位于螺旋轮的另一侧;具有N-端疏水、C-端亲水的两亲性。一个个体表达5条cDNA序列编码3种不同的dybowsin-1分子,显示出该抗菌肽表达的多样性。序列分析显示,该抗菌肽可能由多基因座位编码。 相似文献