山地麻晰繁殖生态的研究

１９９７年３月至１９９８年８月,在徐州市近郊的牛头山对山地麻晰的繁殖生态进行了研究。３～７月为繁殖期,其中４～５月为交配产卵盛期。雌雄性比为１１．６。从交配到产卵为２６天,卵白色、革质、椭圆形。长径平均为１．３７（１．２３～１．５３）ｃｍ,短径平均为０．８６（０．７～１．０６）ｃｍ,卵重平均为０．６（０．４～０．８５）ｇ,每窝平均产卵４．１（３～５）枚。孵化期为５０天。初孵出的小麻晰尾端为蓝绿色,     

水利建设对辽东半岛香鱼Plecoglossus altivelis的影响

辽东半岛水利建设造成洄游型香鱼资源下降,并在碧流河水库、转角楼水库形成了陆封型香鱼。陆封型香鱼发生了①个体小型化：体长和体重由洄游型香鱼的２０─２５ｃｍ（平均２２．６ｃｍ）,１５０─２５０ｇ（平均２０４ｇ）,分别下降到１０─１８ｃｍ（平均１３．６ｃｍ）,和１３─７３ｇ（平均３６．５ｇ）。②性状变异：洄游型香鱼体长为体高的３．７─４．７倍,为头长的４．５─５．３倍,而陆封型香鱼体长为体高的４．３─６．５倍,为头长的３．９─４．３倍。③怀卵量减少,产卵期提前：洄游型香鱼怀卵量为１．０─８．５万粒（平均３．１万位）．产卵盛期为９月底至１０月上旬,而陆封型香鱼的怀卵量为０．３２─０．６１万粒（平均０．４０万粒）,产卵盛期为９月上旬至下旬,提前２０ｄ左右。     

维生素C废水处理工程的技术改造及其效果

中原制药厂引进国外技术与设备生产葡萄糖,山梨醇,Ｖｃ等系列产品,日排废水７０００ｍ＾３左右,为了使废水达标排放,对引进处理工艺进行了合理的改造,改造后使容积负荷从３．０ｋｇＣＯＤ／ｍ＾３．ｄ提高到５．０ｋｇ／ＣＯＤ／ｍ＾３．ｄ,沼气产率从１．０ｍ＾３／ｍ＾３．ｄ,提高到３．０ｍ＾３／ｍ＾３．ｄ并最终达到了环保排放的要求。     

黑曲霉产木聚糖酶发酵条件的研究

正交设计试验结果表明,黑曲霉（Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｕｓ ｎｉｇｅｒ ｍ１２）产木聚糖酶活力达７６．６０ｕ／ｍｌ,合适的产酶发酵条件如下,培养基（ｇ／Ｌ）：麸皮４０,尿素６．６７,ＫＨ２ＰＯ４ １．０,ＭｇＳＯ４．７Ｈ２Ｏ０．５,ＮａＣｌ０．３,Ｔｗｅｅｎ－８０ ３．０,ＣａＣＯ３ ２．０,２８℃,１２０ｒ／ｍｉｎ水浴振荡培养５．５ｄ。     

全缘金粟兰的组织培养和繁殖

１植物名称全缘金粟兰（Ｃｈｌｏｒａｎｔｈｕｓｈｏｌｏｓｔｅｇｉｕｓ）。２材料类别顶芽、带节的茎段。３培养条件（１）芽繁殖培养基：ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ２．０～３．０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）＋ＩＢＡ０．２～０．３;（２）生根培养基：ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ０．５。培养基中添加３％蔗糖,０．８％琼脂,ｐＨ５．８。培养温度为２５～２８℃,光照１２ｈ·ｄ－１,光照度约为１５００ｌｘ。４生长与分化情况４．１无菌材料的获得以芽尖和带腋芽的茎段为外植体,经消毒后,在超净工作台上,除掉部分叶片,将其接种于芽繁殖培养基上,经６０ｄ左…     

大蒜愈伤组织诱导条件初报

以白皮大蒜和大头蒜为材料,报道了大蒜品系、外植体的低温前处理、外植体大小及取材种类不同对愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明：（１）无论是４℃低温保藏或室温保存前处理,大头蒜的消毒效果均优于白皮大蒜,４℃低温前处理可降低外植体出愈污染;（２）只有带表皮的外植体才可诱导愈伤组织,外植体较大（０．５ｃｍ×０．３ｃｍ×０．２ｃｍ）,继代期愈伤组织产生量较多;外植体偏小（０．２ｃｍ×０．１ｃｍ×０．１ｃｍ）,极少产生愈伤组织;（３）４℃冷藏１８ｄ对大头蒜愈伤组织诱导有一定影响,但对白皮大蒜影响不大。冷藏可推迟出愈１～２ｄ。     

黑山晋枣芽培养及值株再生研究

以珍稀、优质黑山晋枣液芽为外植体建立了原种无性繁殖系。继代繁殖培养基（ｍｇ／Ｌ）：ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．１＋ＩＡＡ０．１和ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．１＋ＩＢＡ０．５,培养３０ｄ平均苗高３．０－３．３ｃｍ,芽繁殖系数３．３－３．５;生根培养基为ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ０．１＋ＩＢＡ０．２及ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ０．２＋ＩＢＡ０．２两种,生根率８３．３％,培养４０ｄ平均具根苗高达４．９９ｃｍ,一次成苗,简化程序,缩短成苗期。移载成活率８３．０     

淀粉污水处理工程的设计和运行

淀粉污水采用厌氧－接触氧化－气浮综合处理,在水温２０℃、ＣＯＤ为９１６７ｍｇ／Ｌ条件下,厌氧段的容积负荷为９．２ｋｇＣＯＤ／ｍ＾３·ｄ,ＣＯＤ去除率为８４．７％好氧段的容积负荷为１．９ｋｇＣＯＤ／ｍ＾３·ｄ,ＣＯＤ的去除率为６４．１％,ＣＯＤ总去除率为９４．６％、ＢＯＤ的总去除率为９７％。工程总投资约为３００万元,日处理浓污水４００ｍ＾３,污水处理费为１．０￣１．２元／ｍ＾３。     

硬粒小麦单倍体原生质体培养及植株再生

由硬粒小麦（Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ｄｕｒｕｍ Ｄｅｓｆ．）×玉米（Ｚｅａ ｍａｙｓＬ．）建立的单倍性胚性愈伤组织,在继代培养４ 个月后置于含２．０ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ、３％ 蔗糖、２００ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ水解酪蛋白、１４６ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ谷氨酰胺和３００ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ天冬氨酸的ＭＳ液体培养基中进行悬浮培养,４ 个月后形成了生长迅速、由大小不同（０．５ ～５ ｍ ｍ ）的愈伤组织块组成的愈伤组织悬浮系。酶解试验表明,２．０％ 纤维素酶ＲＳ和０．５％ 的离析酶效果最好,而液体悬浮培养物和固体培养的愈伤组织（在酶解时用锋利的解剖刀片切成１ ｍ ｍ 左右的小块）都能释放出大量原生质体,但悬浮培养物释放出的原生质体状态较好,胞质更浓厚,用ＫＭ８ｐ 培养基以琼脂糖包埋培养方式培养时分裂频率可达５％ 左右。由原生质体再生的小愈伤组织经增殖、筛选后可获得胚性愈伤组织,将其转移至分化培养基Ⅰ（０．２ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ２,４－Ｄ、１．０ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＢＡＰ、０．１ ｍ ｇ／ＬＮＡＡ、３％ 蔗糖、２００ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ 水解酪蛋白、１４６ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ谷氨酰胺和３００ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ天冬氨酸的ＭＳ固体培养基）和Ⅱ（不含２,４－Ｄ,其它成分同Ⅰ）上进行分步分化培养可再生出完整植株,分化频率约为２０％     

银王亮丝草的试管微繁殖

１植物名称银王亮丝草（Ａｇｌａｏｎｅｍａ　ｃｏｍ－ｍｕｔａｔｕｍｃｖ．"ＳｉｌｖｅｒＫｉｎｇ”）,又名银王粗肋草、银王万年青、银皇帝。２材料类别带腋芽的茎段。３培养条件以ＭＳ为基本培养基。芽诱导培养基附加６－ＢＡ２．０～２．５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）;芽增殖培养基附加６－ＢＡ４．０～４．５及ＮＡＡ０．０１～０．０２;生根培养基采用３／４ＭＳ附加ＩＢＡ３．０～３．５及ＧＡ３３,０。所有培养基蔗糖及琼脂含量分别为３％和０．７５％,ｐＨ值均调至５．８。培养温度２６～２８℃,光照８～１０ｈ·ｄ－１,光照…     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.