Diospyros korupensis sp. nov. and Diospyros onanae sp. nov. (Ebenaceae) from Cameroon

Diospyros korupensis Gosline is described as a new species endemic to the Korup National Park in Cameroon and neighbouring areas on the slopes of Mt Cameroon. Diospyros onanae Gosline is described as a new species from the South and Southwest Regions of Cameroon allied to the poorly known D. soyauxii Gürke & K. Schum. ex. Gürke.     

广东蕨类植物新资料

报道了2个新异名,1个新等级和35种蕨类植物在广东的分布新记录。正安肋毛蕨（Ctenitis changanensis Ching）和信宜铁角蕨（Asplenium xinyiense Ching et S.H.Wu）分别作直鳞肋毛蕨（Ctenitis eatoni (Bak.) Ching）和厚叶铁角蕨（Asplenium griffithianum Hook）的异名处理;齿翅井栏凤尾蕨（Pteris serralata（Miau）Y. H. Yan）被提升到种的等级;假芒萁属（Sticherus Presl）、柄盖蕨属（Peranema D. Don）、蛾眉蕨属（Lunathyrium Koidz.）和革舌蕨属（Scleroglossum Alderw）等4个属为广东分布新记录,小笠原卷柏（Selaginella boninensis Baker）为中国大陆分布新记录。广东现有蕨类已达到56科144属502种。     

Buchbesprechungen / Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this articles:
Bailey, J. A., and J. W. Mansfield (Eds.) , Phytoalexins.
Blakeman, J. P. (ed.) , Microbial ecology of the phylloplane.
Criigcr, G., und H. Ehle , Günstige Bcfallsbedingungen bei Prüfungen von Pungizidcn gegen Schadpilze in Gemiisekulturen.
Franz, J. M., und A. Krleg , Biologische Schadlingsbekampfung unter Beriick-sichtigung integrierter Verfahren.
Heun, A., und H. Mielke , Resistenzzüchtung gegen Pseudocercosporella her-potrichoides und Gaeumannomyces graminis beim Weizen.
Wareing, P. F., and I. D. J. Phillips , Growth and Differentiation in Plants.     

SOME PIECES OF THE AFRICAN GENOME PUZZLE IN HIBISCUS SECT. FURCARIA (MALVACEAE)

New chromosome counts are reported for four African diploid species of Hibiscus L. sect. Furcaria DC: H. greenwayi Bak. f., H. hiernianus Exell et Mendonça, and H. mechowii Garcke, n = 18; and H. berberidifolius A. Rich., 2n = 36. Chromosome behavior is described in seven new hybrid combinations. Hibiscus greenwayi is shown to carry an A genome. Hibiscus hiernianus and H. mastersianus have similar genomes which are not homologous with that of H. mechowii. New and earlier data are integrated to elucidate genome relationships among 13 taxa–each of the four tetraploid species has a different formula encompassing 2 of 6 mutually nonhomologous genomes, A, B, G, H, X and Y (H. acetosella Welw. ex Hiern = AABB; H. meeusei Exell = AAXX; H. sabdariffa L. = AAYY; H. rostellatus Guill. et Perr. = GGHH). Diploid donors of A, B, G, X and Y are proposed on the basis of plant, flower and pollen morphology. Diploid carriers of A (H. asper Hook. f., H. cannabinus L., H. greenwayi), B (H. surattensis L.) and G (H. sudanensis Hochr.) have been verified cytologically. Cytological confirmation of X (H. hiernianus, H. mastersianus Hiern) and Y (H. mechowii) carriers is incomplete. No putative diploid carrier of H is at hand. Genome affinities of H. berberidifolius are unknown.     

Four new species and new records of Symplocos (Symplocaceae) from Peru and Bolivia, and a key to all species of Symplocos known to occur in Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia

Four new species of Symplocos (Symplocaceae) are described from montane forests in Peru. Symplocos cuscoënsis Ståhl (from Dept Cusco) is distinguished inter alia by enlarged floral bracts and anthers that are longer than wide, S. excoriata Ståhl (Dept Amazonas and Cajamarca) by the exfoliating bark on young shoots, S. serratifolia Ståhl (Dept Cajamarca and Cusco) by tomentulose young shoots and lower leaf surfaces as well as long petioles, and S. trichocarpa Ståhl (Dept Cajamarca) by its tuberculate young shoots and pilose fruits. Symplocos guianensis (Aubl.) Gürke is reported as new to Bolivia and S. nitens (Pohl) Benth. is reported as new to Bolivia and Peru. A key to all 67 species of Symplocos known from Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia is provided.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Principles of Health Care Ethics , edited by Raanan Gillon with the assistance of Ann Lloyd
Fetal Protection in the Workplace: Women's Rights, Business Interests, and the Unborn , by Robert Blank
Das kontrollierte Töten. Lebensethikgegen Euthanasie und Eugenik , by Franco Rest. Gütersloher Verlagshaus Gerd Mohn, Gütersloh     

The genus Iphionopsis (Compositae - Inuleae)

The new genus Iphionopsis A . Anderb. (Compositae-Inuleae-Inulinae) is described with its two species, transferred from the genus Iphiona Cass., I. rotundifolia (Oliv. & Hiern) A. Anderb. from Ethiopia, Somalia, and Kenya, and I. ilicifolia (Humbert) A. Anderb. from Madagascar. The genus is monophyletic, defined by a number of synapomorphies.     

A reinterpretation of Rangea schneiderhoehni and the discovery of a related new fossil from the Nama Group, South West Africa

Two new specimens of Rangea schneiderhoehni Gürich 1930 and a new fossil are here described from the Nama Group of South West Africa. A careful study of the two Rangea specimens and a reexamination of the holotype shows that R. schneiderhoehni forma plana and R. schneiderhoehni forma turgida are the same species as already suggested by Gürich, Richter, and Pflug, that the puzzling outer flange of forma plana is part of an underlying second leaf-like body, and that the Ediacara 'Rangea' does not belong to the genus Rangea . Here, therefore, it is introduced as the genus Glaessnerina . The new fossil, Nasepia altae , is related to Pteridinium simplex Gürich 1930 and Rangea schneiderhoehni Gürich 1930, and also to the problematic fossil Namalia villiersiensis Germs 1968.     

Revision and Checklist of the Species (Other Than Lecudina) of the Aseptate Gregarine Family Lecudinidae*

SYNOPSIS. A checklist is given of the 89 named species of the gregarine family Lecudininae, exclusive of the 42 named species of the genus Lecudina (phylum Apicomplexa. class Sporozoea, subclass Gregarinia, order Eugregarinida, suborder Aseptatina). The list includes also the synonyms, host names, locations in hosts, known geographic distributions of the species, as well as key references. Another list is given of synonyms, lapsi calami, nomina nuda, etc., associated with the genera. A new genus, Paraophioidina g. n., with type species, Paraophioidina haeckeli (Mingazzini, 1891) and a new species, Lankesteria ormieresi sp. n., are described. There are also new combinations in the genera Bhatiella, Ancora, Monocystella, Ascocystis, and Paraophioidina.     

Vaccinia Virus F1L Interacts with Bak Using Highly Divergent Bcl-2 Homology Domains and Replaces the Function of Mcl-1

The Bcl-2 family regulates induction of apoptosis at the mitochondria. Essential to this regulation are the interactions between Bcl-2 family members, which are mediated by Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains. Vaccinia virus F1L is a unique inhibitor of apoptosis that lacks significant sequence similarity with the Bcl-2 family and does not contain obvious BH domains. Despite this, F1L inhibits cytochrome c release from mitochondria by preventing Bak and Bax activation. Although F1L constitutively interacts with Bak to prevent Bak activation, the precise mechanism of this interaction remains elusive. We have identified highly divergent BH domains in F1L that were verified by the recent crystal structure of F1L (Kvansakul, M., Yang, H., Fairlie, W. D., Czabotar, P. E., Fischer, S. F., Perugini, M. A., Huang, D. C., and Colman, P. M. (2008) Cell Death Differ. 15, 1564–1571). Here we show that F1L required these BH domains to interact with ectopically expressed and endogenous Bak. The interaction between F1L and Bak was conserved across species, and both F1L and the cellular antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1 required the Bak BH3 domain for interaction. Moreover, F1L replaced Mcl-1 during infection, as the Bak·Mcl-1 complex was disrupted during vaccinia virus infection. In contrast to UV irradiation, vaccinia virus infection did not result in rapid degradation of Mcl-1, consistent with our observation that vaccinia virus did not initiate a DNA damage response. Additionally, Mcl-1 expression prevented Bak activation and apoptosis during infection with a proapoptotic vaccinia virus devoid of F1L. Our data suggest that F1L replaces the antiapoptotic activity of Mcl-1 during vaccinia virus infection by interacting with Bak using highly divergent BH domains.     

Taxonomie und Ökologie einiger Ciliaten (Protozoa,Ciliophora) des Saprobiensystems. I: Genera Litonotus,Amphileptus, Opisthodon

The morphology, infraciliature, and ecology of 8 species of the ciliate family Amphileptidae were investigated. A new species, Litonotus trichocystiferus nov. spec., and some new combinations and synonyms are described., Improved diagnoses are given for the genera Litonotus, Amphileptus, and Opisthodon.

     

Revision and checklist of the species (other than lecudina) of the aseptate gregarine family Lecudinidae.

A checklist is given of the 89 named species of the gregarine family Lecudininae, exclusive of the 42 named species of the genus Lecudina (phylum Apicomplexa, class Sporozoea, subclass Gregarinia, order Eugregarinida, suborder Aseptatina). The list includes also the synonyms, host names, locations in hosts, known geographic distributions of the species, as well as key references. Another list is given of synonyms, lapsi calami, nomina nuda, etc., associated with the genera. A new genus, Paraophioidina g.n., with type species, Paraophioidina haeckeli (Mingazzini, 1891) and a new species, Lankesteria ormieresi sp. n., are described. There are also new combinations in the genera Bhatiella, Ancora, Monocystella, Ascocystis, and Paraophioidina.     

Chromodorid opisthobranch Mollusca from East Africa and the tropical West Pacific

Six species of Hypselodoris and three species of Chromodoris axe described from the coast of East Africa. Three species of Hypselodoris and one species of Chromodoris are new species. Two species of Chromodoris from the tropical West Pacific are also described. The eleven species fall into three groups of similarly coloured species.
Hypselodoris nigrostriata and a new species of Hypselodoris are compared with H. infucata, H. festiva, H. obscura and two unnamed species from the literature. It is concluded that all these are distinct species.
H. nigrolineata and two new species, are compared with H. lineata and H. hilaris and all are considered distinct.
H. regina, Chromodoris quadricolor, C. africana, C. elisabethina, C. magnified and a new species of Chromodoris, are compared with C. westraliensis and two unnamed species from the literature. All these species are considered distinct.
All other names for forms falling into these three colour groups are considered synonyms of one or other of the above named species. Full synonymies are given.     

Materials for Chinese Ainsliaea (Compositae)

The genus, Ainsliaea DC. from China is revised in this paper. Three species, A. nana Y. C. Tseng, A. pingbianensis Y. G. Tseng and A. trinervis Y. C. Tseng, are newly described; two species, A. chapaensis Merr. and A. angustifolia Hook. f. et Thoms. ex C. B. Clarke are new records for China and two new combinations, A. apteroides (Chang) Y. C. Tseng and A. macrocephala (Mattf.) Y. C. Tseng, are made. In addition, one species, A. hypoleuca Diels ex Limpr. and four varieties, A. bonatii Beauverd var. arachnoidea Beauverd, A. pteropoda DC. var. leiophylla Franch., A. elegans Hemsl. var. tomentosa Mattf. and A. glabra Hemsl. var. tenuiculis (Mattf.)Chang, are reduced to synonyms.     

Taxonomic notes on some species of Aconitum L. (Ranunculaceae) from Yunnan,China

In this paper, some species of Aconitum L. (Ranunculaceae) from Yunnan are taxonomically revised. Twenty-seven species, twenty-three varieties and three forms are reduced to synonyms; the specific status of A. fengii is restored, and one variety, A. fengiivar. crispulum Q. E. Yang is described as new.     

A taxonomic revision of the genus Lasianthus Jack. (Rubiaceae) from Thailand

A taxonomic revision of the genus Lasianthus Jack. from Thailand is made based on specimens in BKF, BK, L, AAU, K, BM, E, P, KEP, SING and PSU etc. Three species and three varieties are described as new; a new combination, L. trichophlebus subsp. barbellatus ( Ridley) H. Zhu, is made; eight species and five varieties are found to represent new records to Thailand; seven species, i.e. L. brevidens Craib, L. densifolius Miq., L. incomptus Craib, L. scalaris Craib, L. penicillatus Craib, L. virgatus Craib and L. zambalensis Elmer, axe reduced to synonyms; two species, L. brevipes Craib and L. lowianus King et Gamble are moved to the genus Saprosma; the delimitation of some species is clarified. As a result, fifty-two species, one sub-species and twelve varieties are recognized in the genus Lasianthus from Thailand.     

Notes on the Genus Scorzonera L. from China

About 22 species of the genus Scorzonera L. are so far known to occur in China. Among them, S. pamirica Shih is described as new and 3 species, S. tau-sahyz Lipsch. et Bosse, S. pubescens DC. and S. transiliensis M. Pop., are new records to China. Four names in the literature are reduced to synonyms,and some wrong identications in Chinese botanical literature are pointed out in this work. Some species with considerable variation in morphology, such as, S. pseudodivaricata Lipsch. and S. sinensis Lipsch. ex Krasch., are also discussed here.