共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 921 毫秒
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电活性微生物(产电微生物和亲电微生物)通过与外界环境进行双向电子和能量传递来实现多种微生物电催化过程(包括微生物燃料电池、微生物电解电池、微生物电催化等),从而实现在环境、能源领域的广泛应用,并为开发有效且可持续性生产新能源或大宗精细化学品的工艺提供了新机会。但是,电活性微生物的胞外电子传递效率比较低,这已经成为限制微生物电催化系统在工业应用中的主要瓶颈。以下综述了近年来利用合成生物学改造电活性微生物的相关研究成果,阐明了合成生物学如何用于打破电活性微生物胞外电子传递途径低效率的瓶颈,从而实现电活性微生物与环境的高效电子传递和能量交换,推动电活性微生物电催化系统的实用化进程。 相似文献
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阳极作为微生物燃料电池中的重要组成部分,其性能的高低显著影响着微生物燃料电池的产电性能。纳米材料具有导电性好、表面积大等优良特性。因此,纳米材料修饰阳极能够有效减小电极内阻、增大微生物的粘附量,从而显著提高微生物燃料电池的产电性能。本文首先简要介绍了微生物燃料电池中阳极修饰纳米材料的种类,然后重点归纳了不同纳米材料修饰阳极对微生物燃料电池产电性能的影响及其原因。最后对微生物燃料电池阳极修饰纳米材料和技术进行展望。 相似文献
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《生物技术通报》2017,(10)
微生物燃料电池(Microbial fuel cell,MFC)作为一种新型的环境治理和能源技术,目前已得到研究者们的广泛关注。微生物燃料电池是一种利用微生物将有机物中的化学能转化成电能的装置,产电微生物作为生物催化剂,对微生物燃料电池的发展至关重要。不同种类的产电微生物,其电子转移机制与能力有所差异,直接影响MFC的产电性能,从而决定MFC在工程实践中的性能与应用。任何含有大量微生物的废水、污泥、沉积物都可以作为产电微生物的筛选来源,尝试从不同环境条件下分离筛选高效产电微生物有望促进MFC的进一步完善,从而加速其在环境中的应用。通过对微生物燃料电池的发展、产电微生物种类及其电子传递机制等进行总结分析,综述了MFC中产电微生物的最新研究进展,包括产电微生物的筛选方法、种类以及技术研究等,最后展望了今后在产电微生物方面的主要研究方向及MFC的发展前景,以期为产电微生物的的筛选和应用奠定相应的理论基础及提供思路。 相似文献
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产电菌群及电子受体对微生物燃料电池性能的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用2种类型的微生物燃料电池--常规微生物燃料电池(S-MFCs,以生活污水作为产电菌群接种源、以硝酸盐作为电子受体)和改进后的微生物燃料电池(A-MFCs,以厌氧发酵液作为产电菌群接种源、以铁氰化物作为电子受体),分析了产电菌群和电子受体的改进对微生物燃料电池产电性能的影响.结果表明:产电菌群和电子受体对MFCs驯化周期和运行周期具有显著影响,使驯化周期由S-MFCs的500 h缩短到A-MFCs的430 h,运行周期由S-MFCs的100 h增加到A-MFCs的350 h;改进后的微生物燃料电池使COD去除率提升了25%,使电压输出提高了约300%.选择合适的产电菌菌种和电子受体标准电极电势是微生物燃料电池性能提升的基础. 相似文献
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产电微生物是一类具有胞外电子转移能力的微生物,能够将有机物中储存的化学能转化为电能,其作为微生物电催化系统的催化剂,已经成为环境和能源领域的研究热点。但目前所发现的产电菌,产电机制有所差异,产电能力参差不齐,菌株的性能从根本上影响了其产电能力,其产电能力不足成为限制微生物燃料电池在工业上广泛应用的主要瓶颈。目前,通过理性设计或定向进化等改造方法,难以实现产电微生物在复杂多样环境中的广泛应用。通过定向筛选策略,建立一套快速、高效的筛选鉴定技术,挖掘环境中性能优异的产电微生物,是促进其广泛应用的有效途径。文中基于产电微生物的种类,总结回顾了现有的产电微生物的筛选鉴定方法,并对其研究前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 grew for over 50 days in microbial fuel cells, incompletely oxidizing lactate to acetate with high recovery of the electrons derived from this reaction as electricity. Electricity was produced with lactate or hydrogen and current was comparable to that of electricigens which completely oxidize organic substrates. However, unlike fuel cells with previously described electricigens, in which cells are primarily attached to the anode, at least as many of the S. oneidensis cells were planktonic as were attached to the anode. These results demonstrate that S. oneidensis may conserve energy for growth with an electrode serving as an electron acceptor and suggest that multiple strategies for electron transfer to fuel cell anodes exist. 相似文献
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Hussain A Guiot SR Mehta P Raghavan V Tartakovsky B 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2011,90(3):827-836
Electricity generation in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) has been a subject of significant research efforts. MFCs employ the
ability of electricigenic bacteria to oxidize organic substrates using an electrode as an electron acceptor. While MFC application
for electricity production from a variety of organic sources has been demonstrated, very little research on electricity production
from carbon monoxide and synthesis gas (syngas) in an MFC has been reported. Although most of the syngas today is produced
from non-renewable sources, syngas production from renewable biomass or poorly degradable organic matter makes energy generation
from syngas a sustainable process, which combines energy production with the reprocessing of solid wastes. An MFC-based process
of syngas conversion to electricity might offer a number of advantages such as high Coulombic efficiency and biocatalytic
activity in the presence of carbon monoxide and sulfur components. This paper presents a discussion on microorganisms and
reactor designs that can be used for operating an MFC on syngas. 相似文献
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Hai The Pham Nico Boon Peter Aelterman Peter Clauwaert Liesje De Schamphelaire Patrick Van Oostveldt Kim Verbeken Korneel Rabaey Willy Verstraete 《Microbial biotechnology》2008,1(6):487-496
In many microbial bioreactors, high shear rates result in strong attachment of microbes and dense biofilms. In this study, high shear rates were applied to enrich an anodophilic microbial consortium in a microbial fuel cell (MFC). Enrichment at a shear rate of about 120 s?1 resulted in the production of a current and power output two to three times higher than those in the case of low shear rates (around 0.3 s?1). Biomass and biofilm analyses showed that the anodic biofilm from the MFC enriched under high shear rate conditions, in comparison with that under low shear rate conditions, had a doubled average thickness and the biomass density increased with a factor 5. The microbial community of the former, as analysed by DGGE, was significantly different from that of the latter. The results showed that enrichment by applying high shear rates in an MFC can result in a specific electrochemically active biofilm that is thicker and denser and attaches better, and hence has a better performance. 相似文献
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M Rahimnejad GD Najafpour AA Ghoreyshi F Talebnia GC Premier G Bakeri JR Kim SE Oh 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2012,50(4):575-580
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been shown to be capable of clean energy production through the oxidation of biodegradable organic waste using various bacterial species as biocatalysts. In this study we found Saccharomyces cerevisiae, previously known electrochemcially inactive or less active species, can be acclimated with an electron mediator thionine for electrogenic biofilm formation in MFC, and electricity production is improved with facilitation of electron transfer. Power generation of MFC was also significantly increased by thionine with both aerated and non-aerated cathode. With electrochemically active biofilm enriched with swine wastewater, MFC power increased more significantly by addition of thionine. The optimum mediator concentration was 500 mM of thionine with S. cerevisae in MFC with the maximum voltage and current generation in the microbial fuel cell were 420 mV and 700 mA/m(2), respectively. Cyclic voltametry shows that thionine improves oxidizing and reducing capability in both pure culture and acclimated biofilm as compared to non-mediated cell. The results obtained indicated that thionine has great potential to enhance power generation from unmediated yeast or electrochemically active biofilm in MFC. 相似文献
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Glycerol degradation in single-chamber microbial fuel cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nimje VR Chen CY Chen CC Chen HR Tseng MJ Jean JS Chang YF 《Bioresource technology》2011,102(3):2629-2634
Glycerol degradation with electricity production by a pure culture of Bacillus subtilis in a single-chamber air cathode of microbial fuel cell (MFC) has been demonstrated. Steady state polarization curves indicated a maximum power density of 0.06 mW/cm2 with an optimal external resistance of 390Ω. Analysis of the effect of pH on MFC performance demonstrated that electricity generation was sustained over a long period of time under neutral to alkaline conditions. Cyclic voltammetry exhibited the increasing electrochemical activity with the increase of pH of 7, 8 and 9. Voltammetric studies also demonstrated that a two-electron transfer mechanism was occurring in the reactor. The low Coulombic efficiency of 23.08% could be attributed to the loss of electrons for various activities other than electricity generation. This study describes an application of glycerol that could contribute to transformation of the biodiesel industry to a more environmentally friendly microbial fuel cell-based technology. 相似文献
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Orianna Bretschger Jason B. Osterstock William E. Pinchak Shun’ichi Ishii Karen E. Nelson 《Microbial ecology》2010,59(3):415-427
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) systems employ the catalytic activity of microbes to produce electricity from the oxidation of organic,
and in some cases inorganic, substrates. MFC systems have been primarily explored for their use in bioremediation and bioenergy
applications; however, these systems also offer a unique strategy for the cultivation of synergistic microbial communities.
It has been hypothesized that the mechanism(s) of microbial electron transfer that enable electricity production in MFCs may
be a cooperative strategy within mixed microbial consortia that is associated with, or is an alternative to, interspecies
hydrogen (H2) transfer. Microbial fermentation processes and methanogenesis in ruminant animals are highly dependent on the consumption
and production of H2in the rumen. Given the crucial role that H2 plays in ruminant digestion, it is desirable to understand the microbial relationships that control H2 partial pressures within the rumen; MFCs may serve as unique tools for studying this complex ecological system. Further,
MFC systems offer a novel approach to studying biofilms that form under different redox conditions and may be applied to achieve
a greater understanding of how microbial biofilms impact animal health. Here, we present a brief summary of the efforts made
towards understanding rumen microbial ecology, microbial biofilms related to animal health, and how MFCs may be further applied
in ruminant research. 相似文献
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Liu XW Wang YP Huang YX Sun XF Sheng GP Zeng RJ Li F Dong F Wang SG Tong ZH Yu HQ 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2011,108(6):1260-1267
In the research and application of microbial fuel cell (MFC), how to incorporate MFCs into current wastewater infrastructure is an importance issue. Here, we report a novel strategy of integrating an MFC into a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) to test the energy production and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. The membrane-less biocathode MFC is integrated with the SBR to recover energy from the aeration in the form of electricity and thus reduce the SBR operation costs. In a lab-scale integrated SBR-MFC system, the maximum power production of the MFC was 2.34 W/m(3) for one typical cycle and the current density reached up to 14 A/m(3) . As a result, the MFC contributed to the 18.7% COD consumption of the integrated system and also recovered energy from the aeration tank with a volume fraction of only 12% of the SBR. Our strategy provides a feasible and effective energy-saving and -recovering solution to upgrade the existing activated sludge processes. 相似文献
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Continuous electricity production from artificial wastewater using a mediator-less microbial fuel cell 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) was optimized in terms of MFC design factors and operational parameters for continuous electricity production using artificial wastewater (AW). The performance of MFC was analyzed through the polarization curve method under different conditions using a mediator-less MFC. The highest power density of 0.56 W/m2 was achieved with AW of 300 mg/l fed at the rate of 0.53 ml/min at 35 degrees C. The power per unit cell working volume was 102 mW/l, which was over 60 times higher than those reported in the previous mediator-less MFCs which did not use a cathode or an anode mediator. The power could be stably generated over 2 years. 相似文献
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Challenges in microbial fuel cell development and operation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a device that converts chemical energy into electricity through the catalytic activities of
microorganisms. Although there is great potential of MFCs as an alternative energy source, novel wastewater treatment process,
and biosensor for oxygen and pollutants, extensive optimization is required to exploit the maximum microbial potential. In
this article, the main limiting factors of MFC operation are identified and suggestions are made to improve performance. 相似文献