中国具囊壳裸藻类的新种类

本文报道了在我国首次发现的１３个具囊壳裸藻类的新种类,在它们之中隶属于囊裸藻属的有５个新变种;属于陀螺藻属的有８个新变种。     

哈尔滨产几种囊裸藻扫描电镜观察

本文采用扫描电子显微镜对采自哈尔滨市郊的囊裸藻属(Tra-chelomonas)12种5变种进行观察,其中有中国新记录5种3变种,东北新记录5种1变种。文中对每个种进行了形态描述并附有照片,认为应用扫描电子显微镜观察囊壳的表面结构,对此属的系统分类研究有重要意义。     

团藻目新资料

本文报道湖北省武汉市团藻目7个属的5个新种,2个新变种,2个中国新记录。     

中国黑龙江省产新裸藻

本文论述了采自黑龙江省哈尔滨市和尚志县帽儿山附近污水沟和水塘内的裸藻,发现 8个新种、2新变种。新种为哈尔滨裸藻Euglena harbinica sp.nov,帽儿山裸藻E.maorshanica sp.nov,美丽裸藻E.pulchera sp.nov,匍匐裸藻E.repens sp.nov,点纹裸藻E.punctulata sp.nov,变形裸藻E.amoeboides sp.nov,龙江裸藻E.lonjianica sp.nov,梨形裸藻E.pyriformis sp.nov.;2新变种均为三棱裸藻E.tripteris(Duj.)Klebs的变种,即复合三棱裸藻var.complexa var.nov.和单粒三棱裸藻vnr.simplexa var.nov.。     

中国囊裸藻属的新种类

1．旋转囊探藻网纹变种新变种图1：1TrachelomonasvolvocinaEhrenbergvarreticulataShi,var．nov．囊壳圆球形;表面具不规则的网纹。鞭毛孔无加厚环,具一低领。囊壳直径约16μm湖北：武汉,采于鱼池中,197310,31,李尧英采,图1：1（模式图,Iconotypus）本变种与原变种的     

中国眼裸藻属(Euglenaria)分类学研究

为对眼裸藻属Euglenaria Karnkowska, Linton&Kwiatowski进行分类学修订,研究以采自中国的12株3种眼裸藻属物种为材料,基于形态学和分子生物学手段对眼裸藻属进行系统发育研究,鉴定了3种眼裸藻属物种,分别是尾眼裸藻Euglenaria caudata (Hubner) Karnkowska et Linton、项圈眼裸藻Euglenaria anabaena(Mainx) Karnkowska et Linton和棒形眼裸藻Euglenaria clavata (Skuja) Karnkowska et Linton,提供了它们的形态特征及分子数据。基于最大似然法和贝叶斯法构建了系统发育树,以亲缘关系较近的双鞭藻科Eutreptiaceae Hollande物种为外类群,其余的裸藻类分为扁裸藻科Phacaceae Kim, Triemer&Shin和裸藻科Euglenaceae Dujardin物种两大支,眼裸藻属位于裸藻科分支(0.84/-),共包含28株眼裸藻属物种,主要分为3个小分支,每个小支的支持率均高达99%以上,项圈眼裸藻和尾...     

鄂西地区裸藻的初步研究

在鄂西的五峰、宜都、宜昌、当阳及神农架林区一带,采集到裸藻门植物16属140种(包括变种和变型)。属于绿色裸藻类的有116种,无色裸藻类的有24种,其中有5个新种,7个新变种,3个新变型,有20种是我国新记录。在采集区域内的地形大体上可以分成三种不同的类型,即:山岳地区(采得裸藻5种),河谷盆地地区(采得裸藻40种)和沿长江丘陵地区(采得裸藻128种)。静止水体由于地形的差异,体积的大小和水质的肥沃程度不同,都对裸藻门植物的生长有重要的影响。       

囊裸藻属与陀螺藻属囊壳微细结构及元素组成比较

对采自自然水体中囊裸藻属(Trachelomonas)的8种和陀螺藻属(Strombomonas)的两种藻类的囊壳微细结构和元素组成进行了比较分析,并探讨了这两个属的系统演化关系。结果表明：组成囊壳的矿质元素主要是铁和硅,在陀螺藻和表面粗糙的囊裸藻中,硅的含量较高,铁的含量相对较低;在大多数囊裸藻中,尤其是表面致密、光滑的种类中,铁的含量较高,硅的含量较低,矿质元素的组成与囊壳的颜色无直接关系。建议将陀螺藻属(Strombomonas)撤消,原陀螺藻属的种作为囊裸藻属(Trachelomonas)中的一个种组(Group),它们是裸藻科中最原始的具囊壳的类群。     

囊裸藻属一新种?适

Species nova cum T. granulatopsi Shi congruens, sed a qua lorica ovata e fronte visa, obovata e latere visa, poro flagelli collo instructo distincta. Lorica ovata a fronte visa, antice angusta, postice late rotundata et plerumque inspissta, interdum caudato-papillata, obovata a latere visa, antice lata, postice angusta, brunnea vel fulva. Superficies loricae scabrosa, tuberculis irregularibus et punctis sparsis instructa (lorica per microscopum electronicum visa e granis composita). Porus flagelli collo recto vel paulo obliquo antice paulo angusto margine planiusculo instructus. Flagellum longitudine loricam aequans vel ea paulo longius. Lorica 23.5～24 μm longa, 16～18 μm lata, 12～14 μm crassa; collum 3～4 μm altum, parte angusta circa 3 μm latum, parte basilari 4～4.5 μm latum, poro colli circa 3 μm diam.     

湖北省裸藻门植物的新种类

湖北省地处长江中游,气候温暖,雨量充沛,湖沼众多,沟塘密布,适宜裸藻类植物繁殖生长。作者自1974年起即从事本省裸藻类植物的标本采集和研究,已经鉴定的有200多种。在本文中,仅对其中的15个新种、3个新变种和1个新变型作一报道。在这些新发现的种类中,计有裸藻属(Euglena)3种,鳞孔藻属(Lepocinclis)2变种,扁裸藻属(Phacus)1种及1变型,囊裸藻属(Trachelomonas)1种及1变种,陀螺藻属(Strombomonas)1种,卡克藻属(Khawkinea)2种,变胞藻属(Astasia)2种,辦胞藻属(Petalomonas)1种,异丝藻属(Heteronema)3种和袋鞭藻属(Peranema)1种。这些种类的模式标本均保存在中国科学院水生生物研究所藻类标本室。       

Angiopteris sparsisora Ching,sp. nov.—a putative bigeneric hybrid

Angiopteris sparsisora Ching, sp. nov. Species nova ab omnibus affinibus adhuc cognitis recedit rhizomate repente, dorsiventrali, habitu minore stipite tenui, levi, paleis brunneis lineari-lanceolatis margine irregulariter fimbriatis peltati-fixis, pinnulis basi cuneatis vel late cuneatis, distincte breviterque petiolulatis, soris longitudine variis, inter se separatis a margine magis remotis, paraphysibus rudimentalibus brevibus sparse praesentibus. Tota planta 1—1.2 m alata, rhizomate repente, carnoso, cylindrico, dorsiventrali, 5—6 cm diametro, radicoso, apice frondes 2—3 emittente, stipite 35—70 cm longo, 4—8 mm crasso, levi viridi, supra medium uni-geniculato (in frondibus pinnatis usque subbipinnatis), paleis brunneis lineari-lanceolatis basi rotunda peltati-fixis margine varie fimbriatis sparse vestito; lamina stipite longiore, bipinnata aut subb ipinnata raro superne simpliciter pinnata; pinnis 2—3(—7)-jugis, ,alternis vel suboppositis, oblongis, 45—55 cm longis, 18—23 cm latis, petiolo 4—16 cm longo suffultis, basi tumidis, pinnatis vel interdum simplicibus vel basi pinnatifidis; pinnulis plerumque 8—12-jugis, alternis vel suboppositis, patentibus, 8—18 cm longis, medio 1.5—3cm latis, lanceolatis, acuminatis, basin versus cuneatis vel late cuneatis, breviter petiolatis, pinnula terminali confomi paulo majore, petiolulata, hasi baud in alas decurrente, margine serrulatis; venis utrinquo distinctis, patentibus, simplicibus vel furcatis, prope marginem curvatis; pagina frondis textura in sicco virescente, chartacea, rachi, costis, costulis venisque subtus sparsim minuteque paleaceis. Soris breviter linearibus, 2—4 mm longis, 10—32-sporangiatis, inter se separatis, a margine 2—3 mm, remotis; paraphysibus sparsis brevibusrudimentalibus. Sporis globulosis, suparficie dense tubuculatis. Yunnan austro-orientalis: Xichou Xian, Fadou, S. K. Wu 4203 (typus, PE), 4198, 8, October, 1962; ibidem, Z. R. Wang 566-1, 566-2, 566-3, 566-4, 566-5, 15, January, 1978; ibidem V. M. Chu 8212, 15, January, 1978. in valley under evergreen broadleaved forests, alt. 1500—1550m. In the tropical rain forest in southeastern Yunnan, China, the members of Angiopteris Hoffm. and Archangiopteris Christ et Gies. are often growing side by side in great abundance. In January 1978 the second writer made a botantical trip there and collected in one locality ample herbarium material of an Angiopteris, which is identical with A. sparsisora Ching (ined.), based upon type specimens gathered by Mr. S. K. Wu from the same locality in 1962. To our great surprise, however, this distinct taxon reveals a number of important morphological characteristics intermediate between Angiopteris and Archangiopteris as diagnosed above. The present species resembles Archangiopteris in small build with creeping dorsiventral rhizome, unigeniculate, thin, smooth stipe in pinnate to bipinnatifid fronds, sparingly clad in linear-lanceolate peltately affixed scales with variously fimbriate margin, lamina 1—2 pinnate or subbipinnate, pinnules distinctly and shortly stipitate, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, sori of different length separated from each other by broad spaces, and rather far away (2—3 mm) from the margin, paraphyses few, rudimentary and short, but, on the other hand, it also similar to Angiopteris in usually bipinnate fronds, the petiole of pinnae with swollen base (blackish upon drying), short (2—4 mm long) linear sori consisting of 5—16 pairs of sporangia and globulax spores with densely tubucular sporoderms. All the above characteristics combined clearly indicate the species is in all likelihood a natural hybrid between Angiopteris and Archangiopteris, pending cytological investigation and the reason for presently placing it in Angiopteris rather than in Archangiopteris is because of the fact that in overall impression the newtaxon appears more like the former than the latter.     

中国旌节花科植物的研究

旌节花科（Stachyuraceae）最早由P．F．Siebold和 J.G.Zuccrini根据日本植物Stahyurus Praecox Sieb．et Zucc.（Fl．Jap．1:43. 1835）建立旌节花属（Stachyurus Sieb.et Zucc.）,放在海桐花科（Pittosporaceae）中,G．Bentham于1861年将它移人山茶科Ternstroemiaceae中,但由于与这两个科的差别太大,E.Gilg于1893年又从山茶科Ternstroemiaceae中移出,建立了单属科旌节花科（Stachyuraceae）,直到这次整理之前仅有14种4变种,经整理又增加2新种4变种,共计16种8变种。我国有11种7变种。     

云南黄檀属一新种

乔木高sin;／J’枝具皮孔,被短柔毛．羽状复叶长10一14cm;托叶早落;小叶3一4对,厚纸质,椭圆形或倒卵形,长1．3—5．5cm,宽0．7—3．5cm,先端微缺,稀圆钝并有小尖头,基部圆形或楔形,稀浅心形,两面被伏贴短柔毛,下面中脉上毛较密。圆锥花序顶生,长5—7cm,被...     

Echinocodon Hong,a New Genus of Campanulaceae and Its Systematic Position

Echicocodon Hong (Wahlenbergieae); Gen. nov. Calyx 2-5-saepe 4-fidus; lobis utrinque 2-4-lobulis spiniformibus praeditis. Corolla tubulosa; ad medium parterm (3-) 4 (-5)-lobata. Stamina (3-) 4 (-5); libera; sed inter se eonniventia; filamentis basi parum expansis. Ovarium fere inferum; 3-5-1oculare; stigmata 3-5; demum recurva; linearia; ovula ∞. Capsula globosa; 3-5-locularis; spice loculicide dehiscens; valvis calycis lobis alternantibus. Semina ∞ ; minima; ellipsoidea; obtuse triquetra.——Herbae perennes; lactesentes; radicibus palaribus crassiusculis. Folia alterna; pinnatipartita. Flores solitarii terminalesque vel 2-3 in cymam conferti. Genus monotypicum; in provincia Hubei Sinae cresens. Typus generis: Echinocodon lobophyllus Hong. Echinocodon lobophyllus Hong; sp. nov. plate 1 Herbae diffusae; omnino glabrae; radicibus palaribus ad 5 mm crassis. Caulis ad 40 cm longus; ramosissimus. Folia alterna; petiolis 5-10 mm longis; laminis ellipticis; 5-20 mm longis; 3-15 mm latis; basi anguste cuneatis; apice obtusis; pinnatisectis vel ad medium pinnatipartitis. Flores solitarii terminales vel 2-3 in cymam conferti; pedicellis 1-5 cm longis. Calycis lobi ovato-lanceolati; 2-6 mm longi; lobulis spiniformibus exclusis 1-3 mm lati. Corolla purpureo-caerulea; tubulosa; 3-4.5 mm longa; ad medium (3-)4(-5)-lobata; lobis late ovato-diltoideis; ad 3 mm latis. Stamina inter se conniventia; filamentis liberis; 1.5 mm longis; basi expansis; ciliatis; antheris oblongis; 1 mm longis. Stylus 1 mm longus; stigmata linearia; demum recurva. Capsula globosa; 3-5 mm diam.; sed parte supera conica et 2 mm longa. Semina minima; luteo-fusca; ellipsoidea; obtuse triquetra; 0.3 mm longa. China: Hubei Province; Yunxi County; near the town; 300 m alt.; 1 Jul. 1983. Ma Yuan-jun and Hong De-yuan PB83006 (holotype; PE); the same locality; 11 Jul. 1978; Ma Yuan-jun 3921. The new genus; Echinocodon Hong; shows its systematic position in the tribe Wahlenbergieae by the inferior ovary and capsule which loculicidally dehisces above the calyx and is closely related to the genera Codonopsis; Platycodon and Wahlenbergia; from all of which it differs in having the calyx lobes with spinelike lobules and the pinnatisect or pinnatipartite leaves. From Codonopsis it differs also in having the linear stigma lobes; from Platycodon also in the capsule valves alternate with the calyx lobes and from Wahlenhergia also in having the 4(5)-colpate pollen grains. Meiosis in pollen mother cells was examined and; 8 bivalents in MI and 8 chromosomes in MII were always observed (Plate 2: 1-2). The chromosomt number is thus determined to be n=8. The pollen grains taken from the flowers which were fixed in the fields with Carnoy II fixative (6:3:1 absolute alcohol/chloroform/glacial acetic acid) were examined without further treatment under SEM; and under LM after acetolysis. The result shows that they are oblate; 4(5)-colpate (Plate 2: 3-4); with colpi 10.5μm long and 2.5μm wide and with a smooth colpus membrane (Plate 2: 5). The exine is 2-layered; with a distinct baculate layer (Plate 2:7-8). The sexine surface is covered with spinules almost regularly spaced; 0.6μm high and basally divided. The sexine between spinules consists of short ridges (Plate 2: 6). The new genus is closely related to the genera Codonopsis; Wahlenbergia and Platycodon from gross morphological point of view; but its pollen grains differ markedly from all of them. The pollen grains in Codonopsis are longly 5-colpate; and with the sexine consisting of a low relief reticulum; those in Platycodon longly 5-colporate and those in Wahlenbergia 3-porate. The pollen type of the new genus Echinocodon with short colpi is therefore probably derived from the longly colpate type of pollen like that of Codonopsis or directly from longly colporate type like that of Platycodon; and is likely more primitive than thatin Wahlenbergia.     

云南锡叶藤属一新种

勐腊锡叶藤　新种　图１ＴｅｔｒａｃｅｒａｘｕｉＨ－ＺｈｕｅｔＨ－Ｗａｎｇ,ｓｐ－ｎｏｖ－ｐｌ－ＡｆｆｉｎｉｓＴ－ｓｃａｎｄｅｎｔｉ（Ｌｉｎｎ－）Ｍｅｒｒ－ｓｅｄｉｎｆｌｏｒｅｓｃｅｎｔｉｉｓｍｉｎｏｒｉｂｕｓ,ｐａｕｃｉｆｌｏｒｉｓ,ｓｅｐａｌｉｓｍａｊｏｒｉｂｕｓ１－５ｃｍｌｏｎｇｉｓｉｎｓｔａｔｕｆｒｕｃｔｕｅｘｔｕｓｄｅｎｓｅｖｉｌｌｏｓｉｓ,ｓｔａｍｉｎｉｂｕｓ１ｃｍｌｏｎｇｉｓ,ｃａｐｓｕｌｉｓｍａｊｏｒｉｂｕｓｈｉｒｓｕｔｉｓ,１－５～２ｃｍｌｏｎｇｉｓ,１－２～１－５ｃｍｌａｔｉ…     

云南异颖草一新变种

本变种和原变种的区别在于:秆高30-50cm,具4-6节,叶舌长1-2mm,顶端齿裂,叶片长2-10cm,宽2-4mm,圆锥花序稍疏松,长8-15cm,宽1.5-3cm,分枝每节1-5枚簇生,小穗长2.5mm,绿紫色,第二颖长2.3mm,外稃长2.4-2.5mm,内稃长约为外稃的2/3。     

Paphiopedilum angustifolium,A New Species of Orchidaceae from Vietnam

Paphiopedilum angustifolium R.F.Guo et Z.J.Liu,sp.nov.Fig.1:1-8.Species nova Paphiopedilo puberulo S.P.Lei et J.Y.Zhang affinis,a quo differt staminodio ovato-cordato glabro viridulo praeter centrum vitta una lata alba et ab ejus latere alterutro alia viridi-fusca praeditum.     

越南茜草科粗叶木属新植物

1　ＬａｓｉａｎｔｈｕｓｌａｒｓｅｎｉｉＨ .Ｚｈｕ ,ｓｐ .ｎｏｖ .Ｆｉｇ .1ＰｒｏｘｉｍａＬ .ｃｈｅｖａｌｉｅｒｉＰｉｔａｒｄ ,ｓｅｄｆｏｌｉｉｓｍｉｎｏｒｉｂｕｓ ;ｆｌｏｒｉｂｕｓｍｉｎｏｒｉｂｕｓ ;ｃａｌｙｃｉｂｕｓ 3～ 4ｍｍｌｏｇ ｎｉｓ ,ｌｏｂｉｓ 2ｍｍｌｏｎｇｉｓｄｉｆｆｅｒｔ.ＡＬ .ｋｅｒｒｉｉＣｒａｉｂｆｏｌｉｉｓｌａｎｃｅｏｌａｔｉｓａｐｉｃｅａｃｕｍｉｎａｔｉｓｂａｓｉｃｕｎｅａｔｉｓ ,ｎｅｒｖｉｓｌａｔｅｒａｌｉｂｕｓｕｔｒｉｎｓｅｃｕｓ 9～ 1 0 ;ｂｒａｃｔｅｉｓｉｎｃｏｎｓｐｉ…     

国产合欢属分类研究

合欢属是豆科,含羞草亚科,Ingeae族的一个中等大的属,全世界不下150种,分布于热带、亚热带地区,以南半球热带,亚热带为主。国产合欢属27种,主要分布在南部和西南部。