HPLC-ELSD测定抗宫炎片中盐酸水苏碱的含量

目的 建立HPLC-ELSD法测定抗宫炎片中盐酸水苏碱的含量.方法采用Lichrospher 5-NH2色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-水（86∶14）,流速1.0 ml/min,柱温30℃;检测器参数：雾化室温度60℃,漂移管温度80℃,载气体积流量1.2 ml/min.结果盐酸水苏碱在2.654~13.270 μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9994,平均回收率为97.7%,RSD=1.9%（n=6）.结论 该法简便可行,结果准确可靠,可用于抗宫炎片中盐酸水苏碱的含量测定.     

鳖甲消痔胶囊中中药化学成分的测定

采用薄层色谱法(thin-layer chromatography,TLC)对药方中的土大黄、地榆、槐角和栀子进行定性鉴别,并用高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)测定胶囊中盐酸小檗碱的含量。结果表明,TLC法可用于土大黄、地榆、槐角和栀子的定性鉴别;盐酸小檗碱对照品在0.1～1.0μg范围内呈线性关系,r=0.999 4;加样回收率为97.80%,RSD为1.40%。本方法结果准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,能够有效地控制鳖甲消痔胶囊的质量。     

HPLC法同时测定黄柏中盐酸药根碱、盐酸巴马汀及盐酸小檗碱的含量

分离并测定黄柏中盐酸药根碱、盐酸巴马汀、盐酸小檗碱的含量.方法:Shim-Pack型C18柱,0.5% w/v SDS-Britton-Robinson缓冲液 pH2.5 -乙腈-三乙胺 0.5∶56∶34∶0.5 为流动相,检测波长:345nm;柱温:40℃;流速1mL·min-1.盐酸药根碱回归方程为Y=38315164.0X-1897.7,r=0.9991 n=6 ,线性范围0.05～0.30μg,平均回收率为95.90%,RSD=3.10%;盐酸巴马汀回归方程为Y=1982872.0X-2471.1,r=0.9998 n=6 ,线性范围0.09～0.54μg,平均回收率100.2%,RSD=2.01%;盐酸小檗碱回归方程为Y=9450164.2X-3456.9,r=0.9999 n=6 ,线性范围0.50～3.00μg,平均回收率103.1%,RSD=1.12%;结果表明:在以上条件下,盐酸药根碱、盐酸巴马汀、盐酸小檗碱成分可以完全分离,并测定了黄柏药材含量.本法可用于黄柏药材、饮片、含黄柏中成药的质量控制.     

LC-MS/MS 法测定人血浆中伊伐布雷定浓度及药动学

目的:建立人血浆中伊伐布雷定的液相色谱-质谱-质谱联用测定方法,研究健康人体药代动力学.方法:以地西泮为内标物,采用液相色谱-质谱-质谱联用法,电喷雾电离源选择性正离子峰检测.测30名健康志愿者单剂量口服盐酸伊伐布雷定片的体内血药浓度,获得药动学参数.结果:伊伐布雷定在0.101-101 ng·mL-1浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.998),最低检测浓度为0.101 ng·mL-1.高、中、低浓度的方法提取回收率分别为93.2%、86.6%、87.5%,日内、日间精密度RSD均小于15%.结论:LC-MS/MS方法灵敏度高,专属性强,准确,简便,适用于盐酸伊伐布雷定片的人体药代动力学研究.     

万氏牛黄清心缓释胶囊在比格犬体内药动学研究

目的:研究比格犬单剂量交叉口服万氏牛黄清心缓释胶囊和市售普通丸给药的药动学.方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定10只比格犬单剂量口服万氏牛黄清心pH-依赖型梯度释药胶囊和市售丸后血浆中盐酸小檗碱的血药浓度.血浆样品采用碱化后乙醚萃取浓缩方法制备.以青藤碱为内标物质,流动相采用乙腈-0.1 mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾溶液-磷酸(30:70:0.01),检测波长为262nm,流速为1.0mL·min-1.结果:血浆中内源性物质对盐酸小檗碱及青藤碱的测定无干扰;最低检出限为1.25ng·mL-1;盐酸小檗碱在1.25～250ng·mL-1浓度范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9990;绝对回收率为82.94%～88.36%,方法回收率为89.28%～92.29%;日内精密度RSD≤4.87%、日间精密度RSD≤7.03%.缓释胶囊和普通丸药动学参数AUC0∞分别为668.02和809.95 h·ng·ml-1,MRT分别为5.27和4.34h,缓释胶囊相对于普通丸的生物利用度为84.6%.结论:建立的测定方法处理简单,无干扰,灵敏度高,适合测定中药缓释制剂的药物动力学研究.万氏牛黄清心缓释胶囊具有明显的缓释作用,药物在体内呈梯度释放.     

肾衰康复胶囊质量标准研究

目的:建立肾衰康复胶囊定性鉴别和含量测定方法,为今后质量控制工作提供理论依据。方法:经薄层色谱法对肾衰康复胶囊中苍术和木香进行定性鉴别,采取高效液相色谱法对苍术中苍术素含量进行测定。结果:苍术素浓度80.28-803.19ug之间,浓度与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系,r=0.9998,平均回收率99.60%,RSD值为0.49%。结论:试验中建立的定性与定量方法具有操作简单、结果准确可靠等优势,可作为肾衰康复胶囊质量控制方法。     

蛇伤药酒的质量控制

目的　建立蛇伤药酒的质量控制方法。　方法　用薄层色谱法对蛇伤药酒制剂中黄连、黄柏、大黄进行定性鉴别 ;用紫外分光光度法测定黄连、黄柏中有效成分小檗碱的含量。测定波长为 ( 2 64± 1 ) nm。　结果　定性鉴别色谱特征明显 ,易于区别 ;盐酸小檗碱的含量测定线性范围在 1 .42～ 7.1 0 μg,r=0 .9996,平均回收率为 99.1 4% ,RSD为 1 .3 4%。　结论　该方法可有效的控制蛇伤药酒的质量。     

盐酸右美托咪定对预防剖宫产患者椎管内麻醉期间寒战反应的效果分析

目的：通过观察盐酸右美托咪定在预防剖宫产患者椎管内麻醉期间寒战反应的临床效果,评价其疗效,探讨其临床适用性。方法：选择2012年9月至2013年3月在我院接受椎管内麻醉行剖宫产的患者120例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。观察组患者在胎儿剖出后采取静脉注射盐酸右美托咪定,对照组患者则采取静脉注射生理盐水。分别观察并比较两组患者麻醉前、腰麻后5min、胎儿剖出时、盐酸右美托咪定静脉注射后10min、手术结束时的心血管循环系统变化情况,Ramsay镇静评分情况,寒战等不良反应的发生情况。结果：两组产妇的血压在腰麻后5min较麻醉前降低,在胎儿剖出后开始逐渐回升,手术结束时均恢复基础水平,但组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。观察组产妇心率在注射盐酸右美托咪定后较麻醉前明显降低（P〈0．05）,较对照组也明显减慢（P〈O．05）;观察组产妇Ramsay镇静评分在注射盐酸右美托咪定后较麻醉前明显升高,较对照组也明显升高（P〈0．05）,但均未发生镇静过度;观察组寒战的发生率为8．33％,明显低于对照组的发生率,差异有统计学意义（X^2=4．18,P〈0．05）;观察组用药后不良反应发生率为15．00％,与对照组的发生率相当,差异无统计学意义（X^2=0．24,P〉0．05）。结论：盐酸右美托咪定对于预防剖宫产患者椎管内麻醉期间寒战反应有一定的临床效果,适合临床长期推广应用。     

高效液相色谱法测定经舒胶囊中丹皮酚的含量

目的:建立以高效液相色谱法测定经舒胶囊中丹皮酚含量的方法。方法:采用Platisil ODS色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm 5μm);以甲醇-水(45:55)为流动相;柱温:40℃;流速:1.0ml.min-1;检测波长:274nm。结果:在建立的色谱条件下,丹皮酚进样量在0.08487~0.50922μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率(n=6)为98.75%(RSD=1.74%)。结论:方法简便可靠,分离度好,可用于经舒胶囊的质量控制。     

蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊的质量标准研究

目的:建立蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊的质量标准.方法:采用薄层色谱法对蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊中黄芪进行定性鉴别;采用HPLC-ELSD法对君药黄芪中的黄芪甲苷进行含量测定.结果:蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊中的黄芪薄层色谱中,在与对照品相应的位置上,显相同颜色的斑点;黄芪甲苷在0.0236mg/ml～0.236mg/ml间呈良好的线性关系,r2=0.9998,样品平均回收率为99.02%(n=6),RSD为1.02%.结论:所建立的鉴别法专属性强,定量方法操作简单,精密度、重现性好,可以作为控制活血蛭龙通瘀胶囊的有效方法.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.