富贵榕的离体快繁

1植物名称富贵榕(Ficus elastica Roxb.‘Schryveriana'). 2材料类别茎尖、带节茎段.     

楔叶铁线蕨的离体快繁

1植物名称楔叶铁线蕨(Adiantum raddianum Presl.). 2材料类别叶背成熟孢子.     

星果藤的离体快速繁殖

1植物名称星果藤(Tristellateia australasiae A.Richard),别名蔓生金虎尾,也叫三星果藤。2材料类别茎尖、带节茎段。3培养条件不定芽萌动、丛生芽诱导及增殖培     

球根鸢尾的离体培养和试管成球

Inco侄ircCultureofIr诓Sholland丘caandBulbFormationinTubeYUANMeiFang,GUWei（Shil？larez。n：）lllarvzr（a’,,m－rreltawzrcn,wtitllle,Sfuz7lmezzz00z3z）1植物名称荷兰鸯尾（Ir。）,品种Symphonyo2材料类别球茎茎尖。3培养条件培养基民为MS无机盐十IAAI．5mg／L（单位下同）＋6－BA2十肌醇120＋VB;0．4十腺瞟吟2776十磷酸二氯钠192＋3％蔗糖十0．8％琼脂,PH58;M。中蔗糖为6％,未加IAA和6－BA,余同M;。培养温度25”C士2,光照度1000～2000IX,10～16h／d。4生长与分化情况Symphony球茎3月份开花后,…     

红润楠的离体培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称 红润楠（MachilusthunbergiiSieb．etZucc．）,别名红楠、小楠木、猪脚楠。 2材料类别 顶芽和带腋芽的茎段。     

云南火焰兰的离体快速繁殖

1 植物名称 云南火焰兰（Renanthera imschootiana Rolfe）。     

火焰草的离体快速繁殖

1 植物名称 火焰草（Manettia inflata T．Sprague）。     

单花吊钟花的离体培养与植株再生

1植物名称单花吊钟花（Enkianthus pauciflorusWils.）,别名少花灯笼花。2材料类别枝段。     

独蒜兰的离体快速繁殖

1植物名称独蒜兰[Pleione bulbocodioides(Ranch.)Ro1fe]. 2材料类别假鳞茎. 3培养条件芽诱导培养基:(1)VW 6-BA 0.2 mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.1;增殖培养基:(2)MS 6-BA 3 NAA 0.2 活性碳(AC)1 g·L-1;生根培养基:(3)1/2 MS IBA 1.0 AC 1 g·L-1.以上培养基蔗糖浓度(1)、(2)为3.0%,(3)为2.0%;琼脂6.5 g·L-1;pH 5.2～5.4.培养温度为(25±2)℃,连续光照12 h·d-1,光照度为2000 1x.     

银带虾脊兰的离体繁殖

1 植物名称 银带虾脊兰（Calanthe argenteo-striata C．Z．Tanget S．J．Cheng）。     

In vitro cormlet development in Crocus sativus

An improved protocol for generation of viable cormlets from tissue culture derived shoots of saffron has been developed. Multiple shoots were generated from apical buds, small corms and in vitro developed single shoots. Bunches of two to three shoots when cultured on half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 3 mg dm⁻³ benzyladenine (BA) and 80 g dm⁻³ sucrose developed 1.89 cormlets per shoot bunch with an average fresh mass of 1.18 g. It took nine months from culture of apical buds to the harvest of cormlets but under field conditions 22 months. Sucrose appeared to be essential for cormlet induction as no cormlets were developed in the medium devoid of sucrose and only 0.29 per shoot in medium containing mannitol. In vitro derived cormlets sprouted from apical and axillary buds on MS medium containing 12 mg dm⁻³ BA, 3 mg dm⁻³ indolebutyric acid and 30 g dm⁻³ sucrose. Daughter cormlet formation from in vitro derived cormlets was also observed.     

In vitro development of parthenocarpic fruits of Crocus sativus L.

In vitro development of parthenocarpic fruits of Crocus sativus L. was induced by culturing ovaries on MS agar medium supplemented with growth-regulators (2,4-D, GA₃ and BAP). Amongh these, 2,4-D was the most effective in promoting fructification. The fructigenic activity was independent of both the stage at which the ovaries were excised (before, during or after anthesis) and pollination of the stigmas. Unlike the above compounds, abscisic acid inhibited fructification.     

In vitro proliferation of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) stigma

Excised young intact stigmas plus ovaries of Crocus sativus L. were cultured on Linsmaier-Skoog media supplemented with either a cytokinin or an auxin alone or in combinations. Benzyladenine and kinetin at concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 5 mgl^-1 supported growth, and crocin was biosynthesized in the stigmas in vitro. Auxins had little effect. Young excised single stigmas or half ovaries were also cultured so as to form stigma-like structures in order to explore a possible new approach to industrial production of the spice, saffron. On Linsmaier-Skoog and Nitsch media supplemented with kinetin at concentration of 1 or 5 mgl^-1 and alpha-naphthalene acetic acid or indole-butyric acid at concentration of 0.1 or 10 mgl^-1 in combinations, stigma-like structures appeared directly and indirectly (through meristematic tissue), grew and matured. The maximum number of structures were 75 per half ovary. Three kinds of yellow pigments including crocin were tentatively identified by TLC in the stigma-like structures as was the case for the in vivo grown natural stigma, although the contents were lower.Abbreviations BA benzyladenine - 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid - IAA indole-acetic acid - IBA indole-butyric acid - NAA alpha-naphthalene-acetic acid - TLC thin layer chromatography     

In vitro corm production in the saffron crocus (Crocus sativus L.)

Means to increase the reproductive capacity of Crocus sativus L., in vitro, are described. Cytokinins and auxin were found to be essential for development of bud explants. Ethylene and ethaphon pretreatments inhibited leaf development but induced corm production. Microsurgery of the apical bud combined with ethylene pretreatment increased both sprouting and corm production.     

In vitro development of microcorms and stigma like structures in saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

Saffron is an important spice derived from the stigmas of Crocus sativus, a species belonging to the family Iridaceae. Due to its triploid nature it is sterile and is not able to set seeds, so it is propagated only by corms. The natural propagation rate of most geophytes including saffron is relatively low. An in vitro multiplication technique like micropropagation has been used for the propagation of saffron. In the present study, various explants were cultured on different nutrient media supplemented with various concentrations of plant growth regulators to standardize the best media combination for obtaining optimum response with respect to corm production and development of Stigma Like Structures (SLS). Highest response (60 %) was observed with half ovaries on G-5 media supplemented with 27 μM NAA and 44.4 μM BA followed by 55 % on LS media with 27 μM NAA and 44.4 μM BA. Maximum size (1.3 g) of microcorms were obtained from apical buds on the LS media supplemented with 21.6 μM NAA and 22.2 μM. Stigma Like Structures were developed from half ovary explants both directly and indirectly. Maximum number (120 indirectly and 20 directly) and size (5.2 cm) of SLS were obtained in G-5 medium supplemented with 27 μM NAA and 44.4 μM BA followed by 100 indirectly and 20 directly and 4.5 cm long on LS medium supplemented with 27 μM NAA and 44.4 μM BA.     

In Vitro Regeneration of Style-stigma-like Structure from Stamens of Crocus sativus

Style-stigma-like structures were regenerated from stamens of Crocus sativus L. The age of the stamen explant has an obvious effect on the induction rate. Auxin NAA has larger effect on the induction of filament style-stigma-like structure. Auxin NAA of higher concentration can lead to higher induction rate. Temperature and light have different effects on the induction of style-stigma-like structure from anther's filament of C． sativus with exogenous hormones at different levels. Ultraviolet tests show that style-stigma-like structure from anther's filament of C． sativus contains crocin, safranal and picrocrocin, contents of which are obviously more than those contained in the style-stigma-like from style. Floral reversion was observed in the induction of style-stigma-like structure from petals, ovaries and styles.     

番红花雄蕊柱头状物的离体再生

以番红花（Crocus sativus L.)雄蕊为材料诱导培养出花柱柱状结构,诱导率可达30％,起源于花丝基部。影响雄蕊柱头状物诱导的主要因素为外植体的发育期和生长素NAA的使用浓度。幼嫩浅黄色雄蕊适于诱导柱头状物。温度和光照在不同激素水平下对雄蕊柱头状物诱导的影响不同。紫外检测表明,由雄蕊诱导出的柱头状物含有番红花甙、番红花醛和番红花苦甙。其含量明显高于由药柱诱导出的柱头状结构。在诱导花魔王、子房、花瓣的柱头状物的过程中,观察到成药逆转现象。     

In vitro cormlet production of saffron (Crocus sativus L. Kashmirianus) and their flowering response under greenhouse

A complete protocol for the saffron cormlet production under in vitro conditions and subsequent flowering under greenhouse conditions is described. Highest number of cormlets (70.0 ± 0.30) per corm slice (explant) could be regenerated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) half strength medium supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ) (20 μM), Indole acetic acid (IAA) (10 μM), and sucrose (40 g/l). Maximum germination (90%) of these cormlets could be achieved on MS medium containing 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) (20 μM) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (15 μM). In order to increase the size of the in vitro raised cormlets, these were cultured on MS medium containing TDZ (15 μM) and IAA in the range of 1.5-30 μM. Maximum increase in cormlet size could be attained on TDZ (15 μM) + IAA (12.5 μM) + sucrose (30 g/l), and the average size of cormlets was 2.5g. In another experiment, apical vegetative buds of actively growing corms were cultured for cormlet development, and corms of size 2.5g could be developed on MS medium with NAA (15 μM), BAP (20 μM), and sucrose (30 g/l). The in vitro developed cormlets were dried under shade at 25 ± 2°C for 7 d. These were then planted in small cups containing clay loam soil and kept in green house at 20 ± 2°C. In vitro developed cormlets with mean weight 2.5 g showed maximum flowering (25%) as well as vegetative growth (55%), while only 19% cormlets of 2.0 g flowered. To our knowledge this is the first report on successful flowering from in vitro raised cormlets under greenhouse.     

Callus Induction from Explants of Crocus sativus

Saffron calli were induced from ovary explants on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with beyzyladenine (BA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) as growth factors. MS medium with 5 mg l^?1 BA and 10 mg l^?1 NAA was selected for calli induction and undifferentiated calli growth, while MS medium with 1 mg l^?1 BA and 1 mg l^?1 NAA was the most appropriate for stigma differentiation. On this medium, stigma-like structures measuring 0.5–1.5 cm were obtained. Initially they were colourless, but yellow pigmentation, due to the presence of crocin, progressively increased with calli growth. Extracts of stigma-like structures were analysed by HPLC and the presence of saffron secondary metabolites was demonstrated. In addition, calli also showed yellow pigmentation.