Hymenobacter negativus sp. nov., bacteria isolated from mountain soil collected in South Korea

Two novel Gram-negative bacterial strains BT442^T and BT584 were isolated from dry soil collected in mountains Busan and Guri, Korea during wintertime. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains BT442^T and BT584 both belong to a distinct lineage within the genus Hymenobacter (family Hymenobacteraceae, order Cytophagales, class Cytophagia). Strain BT442^T was closely related to Hymenobacter soli PB17^T (98.0% 16S rRNA gene similarity) and Hymenobacter terrae POA9^T (97.6%). No other recognized bacterial species showed more than 97% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strains BT442^T. The genome size of strain BT442^T was 5,143,362 bp. Bacterial growth was observed at 10–30 °C (optimum 25 °C), pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum pH 6.0) in R2A agar and in the presence up to 1% NaCl. The major cellular fatty acids of strains BT442^T and BT584 were iso-C_15:0, anteiso-C_15:0 and summed feature 3 (C_16:1 ω6c / C_16:1 ω7c). In addition, their predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. The major polar lipids of strains BT442^T and BT584 were identified to be phosphatidylethanolamine, aminophospholipid, and aminolipid. Based on the biochemical, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic analyses, strains BT442^T and BT584 are novel bacterial species within the genus Hymenobacter, and the proposed name is Hymenobacter negativus. The strain type of Hymenobacter negativus is BT442^T (=?KCTC 72902^T?=?NBRC XXXX^T).

     

Spirosoma profusum sp. nov., and Spirosoma validum sp. nov., radiation-resistant bacteria isolated from soil in South Korea

Two novel Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterial strains BT702^T and BT704^T were isolated from soil collected in Jeongseon (37° 22′ 45″ N, 128° 39′ 53″ E), Gangwon province, South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains BT702^T and BT704^T belong to distinct lineage within the genus Spirosoma (family Cytophagaceae, order Cytophagales, class Cytophagia and phylum Bacteroidetes). The strain BT702^T was closely related to Spirosoma flavus 15J11-2^T (96.7% 16S rRNA gene similarity) and Spirosoma metallilatum TX0405^T (93.3%). The strain BT704^T was closely related to Spirosoma koreense 15J8-5^T (94.6%), Spirosoma endophyticum DSM 26130^T (93.8%) and Spirosoma humi S7-4-1^T (93.8%). The genome sizes of type strains BT702^T and BT704^T are 8,731,341 bp and 8,221,062 bp, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids of strains BT702^T and BT704^T were C_16:1 ω5c and summed feature 3 (C_16:1 ω6c/C_16:1 ω7c). The strains were found to have the same quinone system, with MK-7 as the major respiratory quinone. The major polar lipids of strain BT702^T was identified to be phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), aminophospholipid (APL) and aminolipid (AL), while that of strain BT704^T consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and aminophospholipid (APL). Based on the polyphasic analysis (phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and biochemical), strains BT702^T and BT704^T can be suggested as two new bacterial species within the genus Spirosoma and the proposed names are Spirosoma profusum and Spirosoma validum, respectively. The type strain of Spirosoma profusum is BT702^T (=?KACC 22028^T?=?NBRC 114859^T) and type strain of Spirosoma validum is BT704^T (=?KACC 22030^T?=?NBRC 114966^T).

     

Roseomonas aestuarii sp. nov., a bacteriochlorophyll-a containing alphaproteobacterium isolated from an estuarine habitat of India

Two strains (JC17^T and JC19a) of orange pigmented bacteria were isolated from an estuarine sample. Cells of both the strains were Gram-negative coccobacilli, non-motile, non-spore forming and strictly aerobic. Chemo-organoheterotrophy was the growth mode for both strains and was possible on a wide range of organic compounds. Strains were non-hemolytic and contained low levels of BChl-a and carotenoids. The fatty acids (>1.0%) comprised C_18:1ω7c, C_16:1ω7c/iso-C_15:02OH, C_16:0, C_16:0 3-OH, C_18:12OH, C_16:1ω5c, and C_19:0 cycloω8c. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC17^T was 66.2 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16 S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strains JC17^T and JC19a had the highest similarity to members of the genus Roseomonas and were closely related to Roseomonas cervicalis CIP104027^T (96.4%) and Roseomonas ludipueritiae CIP107418^T (96.3%) of the family Acetobacteraceae within the class Alphaproteobacteria. Strains JC17^T and JC19a shared 100% 16 S rRNA gene sequence similarity, were phenotypically (morphological, physiological, biochemical characters) identical and had closely related genomes (85% DDH). Based on polyphasic taxonomic data, strain JC17^T is classified as a novel species of the genus Roseomonas for which the name Roseomonas aestuarii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JC17^T (=CCUG 57456^T =KCTC 22692^T =NBRC105654^T).     

Genome mining revealed polyhydroxybutyrate biosynthesis by Ramlibacter agri sp. nov., isolated from agriculture soil in Korea

A white-colony-forming, facultative anaerobic, motile and Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated G-1-2-2 ^T was isolated from soil of agriculture field near Kyonggi University, Republic of Korea. Strain G-1-2-2 ^T synthesized the polyhydroxybutyrate and could grow at 10–35 °C. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that, strain G-1-2-2 ^T formed a lineage within the family Comamonadaceae and clustered as a member of the genus Ramlibacter. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain G-1-2-2 ^T showed high sequence similarities with Ramlibacter ginsenosidimutans BXN5-27 ^T (97.9%), Ramlibacter monticola G-3-2 ^T (97.9%) and Ramlibacter alkalitolerans CJ661^T (97.5%). The sole respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and an unidentified phospholipid. The principal cellular fatty acids were C_16:0, cyclo-C_17:0, summed feature 3 (C_16:1ω7c and/or C_16:1ω6c) and summed feature 8 (C_18:1ω7c and/or C_18:1ω6c). The genome of strain G-1-2-2 ^T was 7,200,642 bp long with 13 contigs, 6,647 protein-coding genes, and DNA G?+?C content of 68.9%. The average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain G-1-2-2 ^T and close members were?≤?81.2 and 24.1%, respectively. The genome of strain G-1-2-2 ^T showed eight putative biosynthetic gene clusters responsible for various secondary metabolites. Genome mining revealed the presence of atoB, atoB2, phaS, phbB, phbC, and bhbD genes in the genome which are responsible for polyhydroxybutyrate biosynthesis. Based on these data, strain G-1-2-2 ^T represents a novel species in the genus Ramlibacter, for which the name Ramlibacter agri sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is G-1-2-2 ^T (=?KACC 21616 ^T?=?NBRC 114389 ^T).

     

Altererythrobacter flava sp. nov., a new member of the family Erythrobacteraceae,isolated from a surface seawater sample

A Gram-stain-negative, light yellow pigmented, non-motile and aerobic bacterial strain, designated HHU E2-1 ^T, was isolated from a surface seawater sample. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that HHU E2-1 ^T shared the highest sequence similarity to the type strain Qipengyuania gaetbuli DSM 16225 ^T (96.90%), which belongs to the family Erythrobacteraceae. Combined phylogeny of 288 single-copy orthologous gene clusters, analysis of average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), average amino acid identity (AAI) and evolutionary distances suggested that HHU E2-1 ^T can be considered as a member of the genus Altererythrobacter based on the recently proposed standard for defining genera of Erythrobacteraceae. Strain HHU E2-1 ^T grew at 15–35 °C and pH 5.0–8.0, with optimum growth at 28 °C and pH 7.0. Tolerance to NaCl was up to 4% (w/v) with optimum growth in 2–3% NaCl. The major fatty acids (>?10%) were C_18:1ω7c11-methyl, summed feature 3 (C_16:1ω7c and/or C_16:1ω6c), and summed feature 8 (C_18:1ω7c and/or C_18:1ω6c). The predominant isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-10. The genomic G?+?C content was 57.40%. On the basis of the phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characterizations, HHU E2-1 ^T represents a novel species of the genus Altererythrobacter, for which the name Altererythrobacter flava sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HHU E2-1 ^T (=?CGMCC 1.17394 ^T?=?KCTC 72835 ^T?=?MCCC 1K04226^T).

     

Pseudomonas petrae sp. nov. isolated from regolith samples in Antarctica

A polyphasic taxonomic approach was used to characterize the four strains P2653^T, P2652, P2498, and P2647, isolated from Antarctic regolith samples. Initial genotype screening performed by PCR fingerprinting based on repetitive sequences showed that the isolates studied formed a coherent cluster separated from the other Pseudomonas species. Identification results based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed the highest sequence similarity with Pseudomonas graminis (99.7%), which was confirmed by multilocus sequence analysis using the rpoB, rpoD, and gyrB genes. Genome sequence comparison of P2653^T with the most related P. graminis type strain DSM 11363^T revealed an average nucleotide identity of 92.1% and a digital DNA-DNA hybridization value of 46.6%. The major fatty acids for all Antarctic strains were C_16:0, Summed Feature 3 (C_16:1 ω7c/C_16:1 ω6c) and Summed Feature 8 (C_18:1 ω7c/C_18:1 ω6c). The predominant respiratory quinone was Q-9, and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylglycerol. The regolith strains could be differentiated from related species by the absence of arginine dihydrolase, ornithine and lysine decarboxylase and by negative tyrosine hydrolysis. The results of this polyphasic study allowed the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of four analysed strains from the closest related species, which confirmed that the strains represent a novel species within the genus Pseudomonas, for which the name Pseudomonas petrae sp. nov. is proposed with P2653^T (CCM 8850^T = DSM 112068^T = LMG 30619^T) as the type strain.     

Shinella oryzae sp. nov., a novel zearalenone-resistant bacterium isolated from rice paddy soil

A novel bacterium, designated Z-25 ^T, was isolated from a rice paddy rhizosphere soil sample from Wuchang County, China. The Z-25 ^T strain is gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, aerobic, motile by unipolar flagella and straw white in color. A phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain Z-25 belongs to the genus Shinella, and the closest members are Shinella zoogloeoides ATCC 19623 ^T with 98.58% similarity, S. kummerowiae CCBAU 25,048 T (98.03%) and S. granuli Ch06 ^T (97.37%). The average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain Z-25 ^T and the closest members were less than 85.29% and 28.70%, respectively. The predominant fatty acids were the sums of features comprising C_18:1 ω7c and/or C_18:1 ω6c (34.62%), C_18:1 ω7c -11-methyl (20.48%), and C_19:0 cyclo ω8c (18.19%). The only respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10, and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Additionally, a genome analysis showed that Z-25 ^T presented potential functional genes related to the degradation of zearalenone (ZEN). An HPLC analysis indicated that Z-25 ^T could remove 74.13% of 10 mg/L ZEN after 144 h at 30 °C. Therefore, based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and genotypic analyses, strain Z-25 ^T represents a novel species in the genus Shinella, for which the name Shinella oryzae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Z-25 ^T (=?GDMCC 1.2424 ^T?=?KCTC 82660 ^T).

     

Pedobacter aquae sp. nov., a multi-drug resistant bacterium isolated from fresh water

A novel bacterial strain designated CJ43^T was isolated from fresh water located in Gangwon-do, South Korea, displaying multi-drug resistance. The isolate was Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, orange-pigmented, and rod-shaped. Strain CJ43^T grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 7 on R2A agar in the absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CJ43^T belonged to the genus Pedobacter in the family Sphingobacteriaceae and was most closely related to Pedobacter puniceum HX-22-1 ^T and P. glucosidilyticus 1-2 ^T (98.3 and 98.1% sequence similarity). The genome size of strain CJ43^T was 3.9 Mb in a single contig with DNA G?+?C content of 34.9%. The genome included 3144 predicted protein-coding genes, as well as 55 tRNA, 9 rRNA and 3 ncRNA genes. The genome also contained 128 putative antibiotic resistance genes, reflecting its phenotypes. The average nucleotide identity values between strain CJ43^T and two closely related strains P. puniceum HX-22-1 ^T and P. glucosidilyticus 1-2 ^T were 91.0 and 88.7%, respectively. In silico digital DNA-DNA hybridization results between strain CJ43^T and the related strains were 42.8 and 38.6%, respectively. The major fatty acids of strain CJ43^T were iso-C_15:0, iso-C_17:0 3-OH, and summed feature 3 (C_16:1 ω6c and/or C_16:1 ω7c). Strain CJ43^T contained phosphatidylethanolamine as the major polar lipid and menaquinone-7 as the sole respiratory quinone. Based on the polyphasic taxonomy data, strain CJ43^T represents a novel species of the genus Pedobacter, for which the name Pedobacter aquae sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain CJ43^T (=?KACC 21350 ^T?=?JCM 33709 ^T).

     

Hymenobacter taeanensis sp. nov., radiation resistant bacterium isolated from coastal sand dune

An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, and light pink-colored bacterial strain, designated TS19^T, was isolated from a sand sample obtained from a coastal sand dune after exposure to 3 kGy of gamma radiation. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the isolate was a member of the genus Hymenobacter and was most closely related to H. wooponensis WM78^T (98.3% similarity). Strain TS19^T and H. wooponensis showed resistance to gamma radiation with D₁₀ values (i.e., the dose required to reduce the bacterial population by tenfold) of 7.3 kGy and 3.5 kGy, respectively. The genome of strain TS19^T consists of one contig with 4,879,662 bp and has a G?+?C content of 56.2%. The genome contains 3,955 protein coding sequences, 44 tRNAs, and 12 rRNAs. The predominant fatty acids of strain TS19^T were iso-C_15:0, summed feature 4 (iso-C_17:1 I and/or anteiso-C_17:1 B), summed feature 3 (C_16:1 ω6c and/or C_16:1 ω7c), and C_16:1 ω5c. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, and one unidentified aminophospholipid. The main respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7. Based on the phylogenetic, physiological, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain TS19^T represents a novel species, for which the name Hymenobacter taeanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TS19^T (=?KCTC 72897^T?=?JCM 34023^T).

     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Marinobacter zhanjiangensis</Emphasis> sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from sea water of a tidal flat of the South China Sea

A novel Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, non-sporulating, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated strain JSM 078120^T, was isolated from sea water collected from a tidal flat of Naozhou Island, South China Sea. Growth occurred with 1–15% (w/v) total salts (optimum, 2–4%), at pH 6.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 4–35°C (optimum, 25–30°C). The major cellular fatty acids were C_18:1 ω9c, C_16:0, C_12:0 3-OH and C_16:1 ω7c. The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-9, and the genomic DNA G + C content was 60.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JSM 078120^T should be assigned to the genus Marinobacter, being related most closely to the type strains of Marinobacter segnicrescens (sequence similarity 98.2%), Marinobacter bryozoorum (97.9%) and Marinobacter gudaonensis (97.6%). The sequence similarities between the novel isolate and the type strains of other recognized Marinobacter species ranged from 96.7 (with Marinobacter salsuginis) to 93.3% (with Marinobacter litoralis). The levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain JSM 078120^T and the type strains of M. segnicrescens, M. bryozoorum and M. gudaonensis were 25.3, 20.6 and 18.8%, respectively. The combination of phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA relatedness, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data supported the view that strain JSM 078120^T represents a novel species of the genus Marinobacter, for which the name Marinobacter zhanjiangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JSM 078120^T (= CCTCC AB 208029^T = DSM 21077^T = KCTC 22280^T). The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain JSM 078120^T is FJ425903.     

Taxonomic description of Pseudomonas rhizovicinus sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of a desert shrub Haloxylon ammodendron

A Gram-negative aerobic bacterium, strain M30-35 ^T, was isolated from the rhizosphere of Haloxylon ammodendron in Tengger desert, Gansu province, northwest China. Our previous research indicated that strain M30-35 ^T can promote the growth of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). In this study, strain M30-35 ^T was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and two other housekeeping genes (gyrB, rpoD) showed that strain M30-35 ^T is a member of Pseudomonas anguilliseptica group. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) scores for strains KMM 3042 ^T and FR1439^T were 76.5% and 83.7%, respectively, and DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) were 21.6% and 26.6%, respectively, and the rates were less than the threshold range for species determination. The dominant cellular fatty acids of strain M30-35 ^T were C_16:0 (22.7%), summed feature 3 (C_16:1ω7c and/or C_16:1ω6c; 18.5%), summed feature 8 (C_18:1ω7c and/or C_18:1ω6c; 23.1%). The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phospholipid and aminophospholipid and the predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone (Q9). On the basis of above data, it can be concluded that strain M30-35 ^T represents a novel species in the genus Pseudomonas, for which the name Pseudomonas rhizovicinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is M30-35 ^T (=?MCCC 1K03247^T?=?KCTC 52664 ^T).

     

Thalassomonas fusca sp. nov., a novel gammaproteobacterium isolated from tidal flat sediment

A Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, dark brown-coloured and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated G-MB1^T, was isolated from a tidal flat sediment of the South Sea, South Korea. Strain G-MB1^T was found to grow optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 2.0 % (w/v) NaCl. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain G-MB1^T fell within the clade comprising Thalassomonas species, clustering with the type strains of Thalassomonas agarivorans, Thalassomonas loyana, Thalassomonas ganghwensis and Thalassomonas agariperforans, with which it exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 96.0–96.9 %. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values between strain G-MB1^T and the type strains of the other Thalassomonas species were 94.6–95.1 %. Strain G-MB1^T was found to contain Q-8 as the predominant ubiquinone and C_16:0, C_17:1 ω8c, C_16:1 ω9c, C_12:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C_16:1 ω7c and/or C_16:1 ω6c) as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain G-MB1^T were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified aminolipid. The DNA G+C content of strain G-MB1^T was determined to be 42.4 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain G-MB1^T is separated from other Thalassomonas species. On the basis of the data presented, strain G-MB1^T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Thalassomonas, for which the name Thalassomonas fusca sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is G-MB1^T (=KCTC 32499^T = NBRC 109830^T).     

Nisaea sediminum sp. nov., a heavy metal resistant bacterium isolated from marine sediment in the East China Sea

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile and strictly aerobic bacterium, designated NBU1469^T, was isolated from marine sediment sampled on Meishan Island located in the East China Sea. Strain NBU1469^T grew optimally at temperature of 40 °C, NaCl concentration of 2.0% (w/v) and pH 7.5. Catalase and oxidase activities, H₂S production, nitrate reduction and hydrolysis of Tween 20 were positive. Indole, methyl red reaction, urease, hydrolysis of gelatin, starch, casein, Tweens 40, 60 and 80 were negative. The major cellular fatty acids were C_16:0, C_19:0 cyclo ω8c and summed feature 8 (C_18:1 ω7c and/or C_18:1 ω6c). The only respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10 (Q-10). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified amino-phospholipids and two unidentified phospholipids. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed highest similarities to the species with validated name Nisaea nitritireducens DR41_18^T (98.1%) and Nisaea denitrificans DR41_21^T (97.6%). Phylogenetic analyses indicated that strain NBU1469^T formed a distinct lineage with strains Nisaea nitritireducens DR41_18^T and Nisaea denitrificans DR41_21^T within the genus Nisaea. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain NBU1469^T and related species of genus Nisaea were well below the threshold limit for prokaryotic species delineation. The DNA G?+?C content was 63.6%. Based on its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, strain NBU1469^T is considered to be a representative of a novel species in the genus Nisaea, for which the name Nisaea sediminum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NBU1469^T (=KCTC 82224 ^T?=MCCC 1K04763^T).

     

Hyphomonas sediminis sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment

A Gram-staining-negative, aerobic and pear-shaped bacterial strain, designated WL0036^T, was isolated from coastal sediment sample collected in Nantong city, Jiangsu province of China (120° 51′ 13″ E, 32° 6′ 26″ N) in October 2020. Strain WL0036^T was found to grow at 20–37 °C (optimum, 28 °C) with 0–9.0% NaCl (optimum, 2.5–4.0%) and displayed alkaliphilic growth with the pH range of pH 6.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 7.0–8.0). The polar lipids profile of strain WL0036^T included phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, glycolipid and an unidentified lipid. The major isoprenoid quinone was determined to be Q-11 and the major fatty acids were C_16:0, 11-methyl-C_18:1ω7c, and summed features 8 (C_18:1ω6c and/or C_18:1ω7c). The G?+?C content of genomic DNA was 61.8%. Phylogenetic trees constructed based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and bac120 gene set (a collection of 120 single-copy protein sequences prevalent in bacteria) indicted that strain WL0036^T clustered with strains Hyphomonas neptunium ATCC 15444^T and H. polymorpha PS728^T. The average nucleotide identities between strain WL0036^T and strains H. neptunium ATCC 15444^T and H. polymorpha PS728^T were 80.7% and 81.2%, respectively. Strain WL0036^T showed 22.8% and 23.2% of digital DNA-DNA hybridization identities with H. neptunium ATCC 15444^T and H. polymorpha PS728^T, respectively. As inferred from the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and the phylogenetic trees, strain WL0036^T ought to be recognized as a novel species in genus Hyphomonas, for which the name Hyphomonas sediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WL0036^T (=?MCCC 1K05843^T?=?JCM 34658^T?=?GDMCC 1.2413^T).

     

Halomonas cibimaris sp. nov., isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood

Two moderately halophilic, facultatively aerobic, motile bacteria with flagella, designated strains 10-C-3^T and 30-C-3, were isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Cells of the strains were observed to be ovoid-rods showing catalase- and oxidase-positive reactions and production of creamy-pink pigments. Growth of strain 10-C-3^T was observed at 15–35 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C), at pH 5.5–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0–7.5), and in the presence of 3–15 % (w/v) salts (optimum: 5–10 %). The two strains were found to contain C_18:1 ω7c, C_16:0, summed feature 3 (as defined by the MIDI system, comprising C_16:1 ω7c and/or C_16:1 ω6c), and C_12:0 3-OH as the major cellular fatty acids. The G+C contents of the genomic DNA of strains 10-C-3^T and 30-C-3 were determined to be 63.2 and 63.1 mol%, respectively and the respiratory quinone detected was ubiquinone 9 (Q-9) only. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains 10-C-3^Tand 30-C-3 formed a distinct phyletic lineage within the genus Halomonas and are most closely related to Halomonas fontilapidosi 5CR^T with 95.2 % of 16S rRNA sequence similarity. Strains 10-C-3^Tand 30-C-3 shared 99.2 % of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and their DNA–DNA relatedness value was 96.6 ± 0.9 %. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular features, strains 10-C-3^Tand 30-C-3 represent a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas cibimaris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 10-C-3^T (= KACC 14932^T = JCM 16914^T).     

Photobacterium marinum sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from a sediment sample from Palk Bay,India

The novel, cream colored, Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacteria, designated strains AK15^T and AK18, were isolated from sediment samples collected from Palk Bay, India. Both strains were positive for arginine dihydrolase, lysine decarboxylase, oxidase, nitrate reduction and methyl red test. The major fatty acids were C_16:0, C_{18:1 ω7c}, C_{16:1 ω7c} and/or C_{16:1 ω6c} and/or iso-C_15:0 2-OH (summed feature 3). Polar lipids content of strains AK15^T and AK18 were found to bephosphatidylethanolamine (PE), two unidentified phospholipids (PL1 and PL2) and three unidentified lipids (L1-L3). The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated strains AK15^T and AK18 as the members of the genus Photobacterium and closely related to the type strain Photobacterium jeanii with pair-wise sequence similarity of 96.7%. DNA–DNA hybridization between strain AK15^T and AK18 showed a relatedness of 87%. Based on data from the current polyphasic study, strains AK15^T and AK18 are proposed as novel species of the genus Photobacterium, for which the name Photobacterium marinum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Photobacterium marinum is AK15^T (=MTCC 11066^T = DSM 25368^T).     

Hymenobacter amundsenii sp. nov. resistant to ultraviolet radiation,isolated from regoliths in Antarctica

A group of thirteen bacterial strains was isolated from rock samples collected in a deglaciated northern part of James Ross Island, Antarctica. The cells were rod-shaped, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, catalase positive, and produced moderately slimy, ultraviolet light (UVC)-irradiation-resistant and red–pink pigmented colonies on R2A agar. A polyphasic taxonomic approach based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, extensive biotyping, fatty acid profile, chemotaxonomy analyses, and whole genome sequencing were applied in order to clarify the taxonomic position of these isolates. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene indicated that all isolates constituted a coherent group belonging to the genus Hymenobacter. The closest relatives to the representative isolate P5136^T were Hymenobacter psychrophilus BZ33r^T and Hymenobacter rubripertinctus CCM 8852^T, exhibiting 97.53% and 97.47% 16S rRNA pairwise similarity, respectively. Average nucleotide identity calculated from the whole-genome sequencing data supported the finding that P5136^T represents a distinct Hymenobacter species. The major components in fatty acid profiles were Summed Feature 3 (C_16:1 ω7c/C_16:1 ω6c), C_16:1 ω5c, C_15:0 iso and C_15:0 anteiso. The cellular quinone content contained unanimously menaquinone MK-6 and MK-7 (ratio 1:5.1). The predominant polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine, and moderate to minor amounts of two unknown polar lipids, two unknown aminolipids, one unknown glycolipid and two unknown glycophospholipids were present. The G + C content of genomic DNAs is 60.31 mol%. Based on all the obtained results, we propose a novel species for which the name Hymenobacter amundsenii sp. nov. is suggested, with the type strain P5136^T (= CCM 8682^T = LMG 29687^T).     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Halomonas tibetensis</Emphasis> sp. nov., isolated from saline lakes on Tibetan Plateau

Strains pyc13^T and ZGT13 were isolated from Lake Pengyan and Lake Zigetang on Tibetan Plateau, respectively. Both strains were Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, nonmotile, and nonflagellated bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains pyc13^T and ZGT13 belong to the genus Halomonas, with Halomonas alkalicola 56-L4-10aEn^T as their closest neighbor, showing 97.4% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The predominant respiratory quinone of both strains was Q-9, with Q-8 as a minor component. The major fatty acids of both strains were C_18:1ω6c/C_18:1ω7c, C_16:1ω6c/C_16:1ω7c, C_16:0, and C_12:0 3OH. The polar lipids of both strains consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, glycolipid, phospholipids of unknown structure containing glucosamine, and unidentified phospholipids. The DNA G + C content of pyc13^T and ZGT13 were 62.6 and 63.4 mol%, respectively. The DNA-DNA hybridization values of strain pyc13^T were 34, 41, 61, 35, and 35% with the reference strains H. alkalicola 56-L4-10aEn^T, H. sediminicola CPS11^T, H. mongoliensis Z-7009^T, H. ventosae Al12^T, and H. fontilapidosi 5CR^T, respectively. Phenotypic, biochemical, genotypic, and DNA-DNA hybridization data showed that strains pyc13^T and ZGT13 represent a new species within the genus Halomonas, for which the name H. tibetensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is pyc13^T (= CGMCC 1.15949^T = KCTC 52660^T).     

Deinococcus aestuarii sp. nov. and Deinococcus aquaedulcis sp. nov., two novel resistant bacteria isolated from pearl river estuary

Two novel species of the genus Deinococcus, designated SYSU M49105^T and SYSU M42101^T, were isolated from freshwater samples of the Pearl River estuary in Guangdong, China. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strains SYSU M49105^T and SYSU M42101^T showed the highest sequence similarities to Deinococcus aetherius JCM 11751 ^T (93.6%) and Deinococcus multiflagellatus NBRC 112888 ^T (97.3%), respectively. Cells of both strains were Gram-staining positive, aerobic, coccus-shaped, oxidase-negative and non-motile. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as their diagnostic diamino acid. MK-8 was the predominant respiratory quinone for both strains. The polar lipid profile of SYSU M49105^T contained two unidentified phosphoglycolipids, nine unidentified glycolipids, and five unidentified polar lipids. SYSU M42101^T had one unidentified phosphoglycolipid, nine unidentified glycolipids, one unidentified aminophospholipid and four unidentified polar lipids. The major fatty acids of strains SYSU M49105^T and SYSU M42101^T were summed feature 3 (C_16:1 ω7c and/ or C_16:1 ω6c) and C_16:0. The G?+?C contents of the novel isolates based on genomic DNAs were 69.6% and 67.4%, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic data, strains SYSU M49105^T and SYSU M42101^T should be considered to represent two novel species in the genus Deinococcus, for which the names Deinococcus aestuarii sp. nov. and Deinococcus aquaedulcis sp. nov. were proposed with the type strains SYSU M49105^T (=?KCTC 43258 ^T?=?CGMCC 1.18609 ^T) and SYSU M42101^T (=?KCTC 43257 ^T?=?CGMCC 1.18614 ^T), respectively.

     

Ottowia shaoguanensis sp. nov., Isolated From Coking Wastewater

A Gram-negative, short rod-shaped, floc-forming bacterial strain J5-66^T without any flagellum was isolated from coking wastewater collected from Shaoguan, Guangdong, China. It was capable of optimal growth at pH 7, 30 °C, and 1–2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that this strain belonged to the genus Ottowia in Comamonadaceae, and the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity was 96.2 % with Ottowia pentelensis DSM 21699^T. The major cellular fatty acids of strain J5-66^T were C_16:1 ω7c/C_16:1 ω6c (45.0 %), C_16:0 (21.1 %), C_18:1 ω7c or/and C_18:1 ω6c (19.2 %). The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, glycolipid and two unidentified phospholipids (PL1 and PL2). The predominant ubiquinone was Q-8, and the G+C content of the genome DNA was 64.4 mol%. On the basis of genetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain J5-66^T represents a novel species of the genus Ottowia for which the name Ottowia shaoguanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is J5-66^T (=CGMCC 1.12431^T =LMG 27408^T).