Determination of the plumbagin content in the stems of Plumbago zeylanica during different months in Guilin

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),对桂林产的白花丹茎中不同月份的白花丹醌含量进行了测定.结果表明:在流动相为甲醇-水(70∶30),检测波长为254 nm的条件下,白花丹醌在0.00048～0.0240 mg·mL-1之间线性关系良好;回收率为96.9％～100.0％,白花丹茎中白花丹醌含量10月份最高,这时也是白花丹茎生物产量的高峰期,说明10月份是白花丹茎的最佳采收期.     

白花丹素抗肿瘤作用机制的研究进展

恶性肿瘤一直是生物医学中的难题，利用放射疗法或化学疗法治疗肿瘤常会引发如呕吐、恶心等不良反应。因此，寻找安全有效治疗肿瘤的替代药物源非常重要。白花丹素(plumbagin, PLB)是从中草药白花丹根部提取出来的一种生物活性化合物，在肿瘤治疗中具有重要作用，并且有较好的抗癌活性。因此，本文将从肿瘤细胞的增殖、凋亡、转移和侵袭、血管生成、铁死亡过程以及化疗敏感性等六个方面对白花丹素的抗肿瘤作用及相关分子机制的研究进行综述，以期为基于白花丹素的抗肿瘤药物研发和临床应用提供科学参考。     

白花丹素对E.coli藻酸盐合成的抑制作用

细菌分泌的胞外多糖在生物被膜的形成和发展过程中发挥着重要作用。通过测定白花丹素对大肠埃希菌10389菌株(E.coli 10389)藻酸盐合成的影响及其对rse A和rpo E基因表达量的影响,探讨白花丹素对大肠埃希菌生物被膜(biofilm,BF)形成的抑制作用及机制。研究结果显示,白花丹素能抑制E.coli 10389生物被膜的形成,其抑杀E.coli 10389的最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(minimal bactericidal concentration,MBC)分别为16和64μg/mL。白花丹素对成熟BF内的细菌也有抑制和杀灭作用,其抑杀E.coli 10389成熟BF内细菌的MIC和MBC分别为64和128μg/mL。白花丹素能够抑制E.coli 10389藻酸盐的合成,其中1/2MIC的白花丹素作用E.coli 10389 24 h后,与对照组比,藻酸盐的合成量降低了34.83%(P0.01)。白花丹素可显著影响E.coli 10389 rse A和rpo E基因的相对表达量,其中1/2MIC的白花丹素作用E.coli 10389 24 h后,与对照组相比,rse A的表达量上调了17.43%,rpo E的表达量降低了12.8%(P0.05)。结果表明,白花丹素能够抑制E.coli 10389 BF的形成,其作用机制可通过影响rse A和rpo E的基因表达量,进而抑制藻酸盐的合成来抑制大肠埃希菌生物被膜的形成。     

白花丹的研究进展

本文对传统中药白花丹的主要有效成分、药理活性、临床应用等方面的研究情况进行总结,认为白花丹在癌症治疗、抗肝纤维化等方面具有比较广泛的应用前景和开发利用价值.     

不同浓度白花丹素对骨肉瘤细胞MG-63凋亡迁移、基质金属蛋白酶及Bcl-2、Bax、Ezrin蛋白表达的影响

目的:研究不同浓度白花丹素对骨肉瘤细胞MG-63凋亡迁移、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)及Bcl-2、Bax、Ezrin蛋白表达的影响。方法:取对数生长期的骨肉瘤MG-63细胞,传代培养成细胞株后以随机法分成对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组。其中对照组加入到0.1%浓度的DMSO完全培养基中培养,低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组分别加入到浓度为5、10、20μmol/L的白花丹素的有关培养基中培养。培养24 h后,采用Transwell法检测MG-63细胞迁移率、Hoechst33342染色法检测MG-63细胞凋亡率、Western blot法检测四组MG-63细胞的MMP-2、MMP-9、Bcl-2、Bax、Ezrin蛋白表达水平。结果:培养24 h后,低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的骨肉瘤细胞MG-63凋亡率及Bax蛋白表达水平均较对照组升高(P<0.05),且随白花丹素浓度的增加而升高(P<0.05);骨肉瘤细胞MG-63的细胞迁移率、MMP-2、MMP-9、Bcl-2及Ezrin蛋白表达水平较对照组降低(P<0.05),且随白花丹素浓度的增加而降低(P<0.05)。结论:白花丹素对骨肉瘤细胞MG-63凋亡的促进作用以及迁移的抑制作用明显,其作用机制可能与抑制骨肉瘤细胞MG-63中的MMP-2、MMP-9、Bcl-2、Ezrin蛋白表达及促进Bax蛋白表达有关,且浓度越高,抑制或促进作用越明显。     

白花龙胆花抗炎作用研究

为了研究白花龙胆花的抗炎作用,本文对白花龙胆花水提物和70%乙醇提取物的抗炎活性进行了试验,并测定了水提物和70%乙醇提物中龙胆苦苷的含量.试验采用二甲苯所致小鼠急性耳肿胀试验和二甲苯所致小鼠腹部毛细管通透性试验.将昆明种小白鼠分为7组,分别为空白对照组,白花龙胆花水提物高、中、低剂量组和70%乙醇提取物高、中、低剂量组,灌胃(ig)给药14 d后,用二甲苯分别于小鼠右耳及腹部致炎.测定左右耳重量,计算肿胀度及肿胀抑制率,测定吸光值.结果表明:白花龙胆花水提物和乙醇提取物的中、高剂量组对于二甲苯所致的小鼠急性耳肿胀和小鼠腹部毛细管通透性都有显著的抑制作用.从而表明:白花龙胆花具有显著的抗炎疗效.     

栽培与野生化血丹不同部位中两种化学成分含量分析

为探讨并分析栽培与野生化血丹植株中不同部位中两种化学成分的含量差异,该研究采用超声法提取、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定栽培与野生化血丹根、茎、叶、花、混合样等部位中桃叶珊瑚苷和梓醇的含量,并进行比较。结果表明:(1)桃叶珊瑚苷在栽培与野生化血丹植株内均有分布,含量均以根中最高,其在栽培与野生化血丹植株内的含量表现分别为根叶混合样茎花、根混合样茎花叶,栽培化血丹不同部位中桃叶珊瑚苷的含量均高于野生化血丹。(2)梓醇在栽培化血丹的茎中未检出,在栽培与野生化血丹其他部位均有分布,含量均以叶中最高,其在栽培与野生化血丹植株内的含量分别表现为叶花混合样根、叶混合样茎花根,野生化血丹不同部位中梓醇的含量均高于栽培化血丹。(3)桃叶珊瑚苷和梓醇在栽培和野生化血丹植株不同部位中的含量均存在显著差异(P0.05),栽培与野生同一部位间总体上无显著差异,为该濒危药用植物资源药用部位选择和合理开发利用提供实验参考。     

多因素影响白花前胡甲素和乙素含量分析

目的:研究在不同采收期、栽培环境、抽薹前后和组织部位的白花前胡甲素和乙素含量的变化规律.方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定不同采收时期栽培白花前胡甲素及乙素含量.结果:前胡甲素及乙素含量累积规律是根>茎>叶;二年生前胡甲素含量显著高于一年生,南坡前胡甲素显著高于其他坡向;抽薹前后的前胡甲素和乙素含量无显著差异.结论:高效液相...     

白花败酱染色体的核型分析

用去壁低渗染色体制片方法,对白花败酱(Patrinia villosa Juss)茎尖细胞染色体制片,研究其染色体组型.结果表明:白花败酱为二倍体、体细胞染色体数目为22;染色体组型公式为2n=2x=22=10m 4sm 4st 4t,第2、3、4、5、8号染色体为中间着丝点染色体,第6、11号染色体为近中着丝点染色体,第1、10号染色体为近端着丝点染色体,第7、9号染色体为端部着丝点染色体;染色体基数x=11,该染色体组内最长与最短染色体长度比值为3.037,臂比大于2:1的染色体共4条,占总数的36.4%,则白花败酱的核型类型为2B型.     

白花丹科植物名称铨释

<正> 笔者在编写《中国植物志》白花丹科时Plumbaginaceae对白花丹科植物中名进行了考证,本文是对白花丹科植物中名的一些解释。 1.白花丹科Plumbaginaceae 白花丹科(种子植物名称》118.1953)一名是从本科模式属—白花丹属Plumbago L. 而得名。以前,此科曾用日本名,称为矶松科(《植物学大     

Antioxidant properties of Plumbago zeylanica, an Indian medicinal plant and its active ingredient, plumbagin

Plumbago zeylanica (known as "Chitrak") is a useful Indian medicinal plant. The root of the plant and its constituents are credited with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic, cardiotonic, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective properties. To examine possible mechanisms of action of P. zeylanica (Chitrak), in relation to its reported beneficial properties, antioxidant effects of the aqueous/alcoholic extracts of root, corresponding to medicinal preparations, and the active ingredient, plumbagin, were studied. Methods used included: ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), radical scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azobis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), lipid peroxidation in rat liver mitochondria induced by different agents, and estimating phenolic and flavonoid content. In FRAP/DPPH assays, boiled ethanolic extracts were the most effective, while in the ABTS assay boiled aqueous extracts were the most efficient. These extracts also significantly inhibited lipid peroxidation induced by cumene hydroperoxide, ascorbate-Fe(2+) and peroxynitrite and contained high amounts of polyphenols and flavonoids. To examine the mechanisms of action in detail, antioxidant and pulse radiolysis studies with plumbagin were conducted. The hydroxyl (.OH), alkyl peroxyl (CCl(3)OO.), linoleic acid peroxyl (LOO.), and glutathiyl (GS.) radicals generate a phenoxyl radical upon reaction with plumbagin. The bimolecular rate constants were: .OH, 2.03 x 10(9) dm(3)mol(-1)s(-1); CCl(3)OO., 1.1 x 10(9) dm(3)mol(-1)s(-1); LOO., 6.7 x 10(7) dm(3)mol(-1)s(-1); and GS., 8.8 x 10(8) dm(3)mol(-1)s(-1). In conclusion, our studies reveal that extracts of P. zeylanica and its active ingredient plumbagin have significant antioxidant abilities that may possibly explain some of the reported therapeutic effects.     

Cytotoxic naphthoquinones and plumbagic acid glucosides from Plumbago zeylanica

Two plumbagic acid glucosides, 3'-O-beta-glucopyranosyl plumbagic acid and 3'-O-beta-glucopyranosyl plumbagic acid methylester along with five naphthoquinones (plumbagin, chitranone, maritinone, elliptinone and isoshinanolone), and five coumarins (seselin, 5-methoxyseselin, suberosin, xanthyletin and xanthoxyletin) were isolated from the roots of Plumbago zeylanica. All coumarins were not previously found in this plant. Cytotoxicity of these compounds to various tumor cells lines was evaluated, and plumbagin significantly suppressed growth of Raji, Calu-1, HeLa, and Wish tumor cell lines.     

东北红豆杉可再生部位紫杉醇含量时空动态变化规律

利用ODS-C18反相高效液相色谱体系研究了东北红豆杉(Taxus cuspidata)叶、茎、果肉及种子中紫杉醇含量的时空动态变化。结果表明,东北红豆杉的4个部位均有紫杉醇存在,但存在的时间和部位具有较大差异。紫杉醇的含量最大值为0.043mg.g-1(FW)出现在10月份种子中,最小值0.001mg.g-1(FW)出现在11月份果肉中。叶与茎中紫杉醇的含量变化较为一致,叶和茎中紫杉醇含量在7月份达到最高,分别为0.032mg.g-1(FW)和0.029mg.g-1(FW),在8月份降至最低,分别为0.011mg.g-1(FW)和0.010mg.g-1(FW)。在新叶萌发期,老茎叶比新茎叶中紫杉醇的含量高约2.5倍。     

东北红豆杉可再生部位紫杉醇含量时空动态变化规律

利用ODS-C18反相高效液相色谱体系研究了东北红豆杉(Taxus cuspidata)叶、茎、果肉及种子中紫杉醇含量的时空动态变化。结果表明, 东北红豆杉的4个部位均有紫杉醇存在, 但存在的时间和部位具有较大差异。紫杉醇的含量最大值为0.043 mg.g-1 (FW)出现在10月份种子中, 最小值0.001 mg.g-1 (FW)出现在11月份果肉中。叶与茎中紫杉醇的含量变化较为一致, 叶和茎中紫杉醇含量在7月份达到最高, 分别为0.032 mg.g-1 (FW)和0.029 mg.g-1 (FW), 在8月份降至最低, 分别为0.011 mg.g-1 (FW)和0.010 mg.g-1 (FW)。在新叶萌发期, 老茎叶比新茎叶中紫杉醇的含量高约2.5倍。     

不同培养条件对勺叶茅膏菜试管苗矶松素含量的影响

为探讨培养条件对勺叶茅膏菜(Drosera spatulata)试管苗矶松素积累的影响,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定矶松素含量,对不同器官和不同培养条件下的勺叶茅膏菜试管苗矶松素含量变化进行研究。结果表明,勺叶茅膏菜试管苗根的矶松素含量显著高于叶片;光质和有机物含量对勺叶茅膏菜试管苗矶松素含量的影响不显著,但对试管苗的生长具有显著影响,最佳培养光质为白光,其次为红光和蓝光,最后为绿光;适当降低培养基中有机物含量可促进勺叶茅膏菜试管苗的生长发育;植物生长调节剂对矶松素积累的影响效应依次为6-BANAAKTGA3,而对试管苗生长的影响效应依次为6-BAGA3NAAKT。因此,勺叶茅膏菜试管苗的最佳培养条件为:以1/2MS为基本培养基,添加0~0.2 mg L–1 6-BA、0.2 mg L–1 NAA、0.5 mg L–1KT和0.1 mg L–1 GA3,于白光下培养。     

Optical properties and the content of photosynthetic pigments in the stems and leaves of the apple-tree

Optical properties and changes in the content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and total carotenoids) were investigated in the bark and leaves of the apple-tree during a year. Optical properties of stems change with their age. Light reflectance of current year stems equalled 14.2%, while the one for 3-year-old stems decreased to 10.2%, absorption for the current year stems equalled 55.5% and increased up to 66.4% for 3-year-old ones. Light transmittance for the cork of current year stems equalled 30.2%, and decreased with the age of stems reaching 23.4% for the 3-year-old ones. The cork transmitted less than 5% of light of 400 nm, but the transmittance increased with the increase in the wavelength up to 55% at 700 nm. The reflectance of light by the leaf equalled 6.9%, absorption 89.7%, and transmittance 3.4%. In August the highest amount of chlorophyll pigments (6.2 mg·dm⁻²) and carotenoids (1.63 mg·dm⁻²) was detected in the leaves of the apple-tree, however, the ratio of chl a/b reached the highest value 4.12 in June. For the bark of apple-tree stems the content of chlorophyll pigments increased since spring and reached the maximum content of about 2.8 mg(chl)·dm⁻² for 1-3-year-old stems in the summer months, while for the current year stems in October. The ratio chl a/b was at the same level, about 2.2 during the whole year. The content of carotenoids was lower in stems than in leaves and was at the similar level during the year, however, it increased with the age of stems. Minor changes in the optical properties and the content of photosynthetic pigments occurring with the age of stems may be due to the low increment in cork thickness in the studied age groups of plants.     

Using of liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector for determination of naphthoquinones in plants and for investigation of influence of pH of cultivation medium on content of plumbagin in Dionaea muscipula

The interest of many investigators in naphthoquinones is due to their broad-range of biological actions from phytotoxic to fungicidal. The main aim of this work was to investigate the influence of different pH values of cultivation medium on naphthoquinone content in Dionaea muscipula. For this purpose, we optimized the simultaneous analysis of the most commonly occurring naphthoquinones (1,4-naphthoquinone, lawsone, juglone and plumbagin) by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The most suitable chromatographic conditions were as follows: mobile phase: 0.1 mol l-1 acetic acid:methanol in ratio of 33:67 (%, v/v), flow rate: 0.75 ml min-1 and temperature: 42 degrees C. Moreover, we looked for the most suitable technique for preparation of plant samples (D. muscipula, Juglans regia, Paulownia tomentosa, Impatience glandulifera, Impatience parviflora, Drosera rotundifolia, Drosera spathulata and Drosera capensis) due to their consequent analysis by HPLC-DAD. It clearly follows from the results obtained that sonication were the most suitable technique for preparation of J. regia plants. We also checked the recoveries of the determined naphthoquinones, which were from 96 to 104%. Finally, we investigated the changes in content of plumbagin in D. muscipula plants according to different pH of cultivation medium. The content increased with increasing pH up to 5 and, then, changed gradually. The lower content of plumbagin at lower pH values was of interest to us. Therefore, we determined the content of this naphthoquinone in the cultivation medium, what has not been studied before. We discovered that the lower tissue content of plumbagin was due to secretion of this naphthoquinone into the cultivation medium.     

Elicitation of plumbagin by chitin and its release into the medium in Drosophyllum lusitanicum Link. suspension cultures

Polysaccharides (chitin/pectin) that are involved in the interactions between plants and microorganisms were applied to the cultured cells of Drosophyllum lusitanicum. In the case of chitin addition, elicitation and crystallization of plumbagin in the medium were observed. N-Acetylchitooligosaccharides smaller than heptamers [(GlcNAc)n (n<7)] elicited the biosynthesis of plumbagin but did not increase the hypersensitive response (HR). On the other hand, carboxymethylchitin (DP200) led to the accumulation of plumbagin in cells and to HR death as well as to the lysis of the cells and release of plumbagin into the medium. The response of cultured cells to the N-Acetylchitosaccharides varied depending on the chemo/physiological conditions of the cells. Addition of pectin (1g/l) resulted in enhanced HR and decreased biosynthesis of plumbagin. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998     

Production of plumbagin from cell cultures of Plumbago rosea L.

Callus and suspension cultures derived from leaf explants of Plumbago rosea were established and plumbagin, a naphthoquinone, was isolated from them and confirmed by ¹H NMR and electron-ionization mass spectroscopy. Maximum content of plumbagin was obtained in the stationary phase of growth (4.3 mg g^–1 dry cell wt). Media pH, phytohormones and carbon sources were optimized for biomass and plumbagin accumulation. Cell aggregates, measuring 500 m in diam, produced 8.2 g dry cell wt l^–1, but larger aggregates (above 500 m) favored plumbagin accumulation with an yield of 4.5 mg g^–1 dry cell wt.