雌二醇对蒙古绵羊输卵管上皮细胞内β-防御素(sBD-1)表达的影响

为了探索雌二醇与β-防御素(sBD-1)表达量的关系,体外模拟蒙古绵羊(Ovis aries)生理周期.用添加雌二醇浓度10-11、10-10、10-9、10-8、10-7、10-6 mol/L的培养液及不添加雌二醇的培养液(即对照组)分别培养蒙古绵羊输卵管上皮细胞,作用24 h、48 h、72 h后,提取细胞总RNA,应用SYBR Green I荧光定量RT-PCR法进行定量分析.结果显示.添加不同浓度雌二醇培养的输卵管上皮细胞中sBD-1的相对表达量0.000 740～0.001 758,与对照组0.000 190之间差异显著(P＜0.05),且小于10-8 mol/L雌二醇添加浓度与sBD-1基因相对表达量变化基本呈正相关.此结果为进一步研究雌激素参与机体防御功能奠定了基础.     

鸡输卵管上皮细胞体外分离培养的研究

鸡输卵管上皮细胞是卵清蛋白的主要分泌细胞,是研究输卵管特异表达蛋白调控的重要工具。在以往的研究中,多采用普通DMEM培养液对鸡输卵管上皮细胞进行分离与培养,容易造成其自身特性在体外培养过程中的改变。本研究我们优化了细胞分离方法,发现从输卵管漏斗部组织分离的输卵管上皮细胞增殖较快;用鸡输卵管上皮细胞培养基相比DMEM更适合促进细胞生长;与胰酶相比,用Accutase消化酶进行细胞传代,有利于输卵管上皮细胞特性维持。对所获得的输卵管上皮细胞鉴定发现,己烯雌酚能促进卵清蛋白的表达,说明分离培养的细胞保持了鸡输卵管上皮细胞特性。本研究建立的方法为输卵管特异表达蛋白调控以及家禽生物反应器的研究奠定了基础。     

鸡输卵管上皮细胞瞬时表达系统

在开发利用生物反应器生产特定蛋白的研究中,若先用特异组织作原代培养,建立瞬时表达系统,对特定调控元件和融合基因进行分析,可大大缩短研究进程。本文首次报道用鸡输卵管上皮细胞原代培养,建立瞬时表达系统的方法。输卵管细胞体外培养（Fig.1-3),在二,三周时间内仍然保持分泌卵清蛋白的功能,当分泌功能减弱时,若地培液中添加激素,一般一周后大部分细胞又可恢复分泌功能（Fig.4),由于卵清蛋白是一种分泌蛋白,通过斑点免疫渗滤法可迅速简便的从培液中检测到（Fig.4)。为 验证培养细胞能否表达外源基因,在原代培养细胞中转染绿色荧光蛋白基因,可在细胞浆中显示绿色荧光（Fig.5)。说明这是一个有效而又方便的检测调控元件的瞬时表达系统。     

雌二醇和孕酮诱导猪子宫内膜上皮细胞OPN的表达状况

目的探讨雌二醇和孕酮对猪子宫内膜上皮细胞内的骨桥蛋白基因作用效果。方法采用RT-PCR和Western-blot的方法,检测了猪子宫内膜上皮细胞中OPN基因的表达情况;采用半定量RT-PCR法检测添加终浓度为1μmol/L、0.1μmol/L、0.01μmol/L雌二醇和0.1μmol/L、0.01μmol/L、0.001μmol/L孕酮作用24 h和48 h后,OPNmRNA的表达变化情况。结果猪子宫内膜上皮细胞在非孕期转录OPN mRNA,表达70×10^3和45×10^3的OPN蛋白;添加雌二醇24 h后,OPN mRNA的表达水平降低了50%-53%（P〈0.05）,48 h后降低了12%-25%（P〈0.01）,均显著低于对照组;添加孕酮后,OPN mRNA的表达无显著变化（P〉0.05）。结论雌二醇抑制了OPN的表达,推测孕酮本身对OPN的表达不起作用。     

小鼠子宫颈部位输卵管蛋白表达的初步研究

用RT-PCR及免疫印迹法检测证实小鼠子宫颈粘膜上皮细胞具表达输卵管蛋白的能力,宫颈部所获得的输卵管蛋白转录产物, 310到 714的405bp的cDNA片段经序列测定及blast比较表明与输卵管部位表达的输卵管蛋白完全一致(100%)。小鼠子宫颈输卵管蛋白在动情周期的表达波动情况与输卵管粘膜上皮的类似,其表达于小鼠动情期明显增加。Westernblot显示小鼠子宫颈提取物中存在两种不同分子量(60KD,30KD)的输卵管蛋白。原位杂交结果则提示子宫颈粘膜上皮细胞含丰富的输卵管蛋白mRNA信号。通过"原体中风"实验未发现输卵管蛋白在体外对精子活动有影响,其功能尚须进一步分析。     

丹皮酚对PM2.5诱导的支气管上皮细胞IL-8表达的影响

目的:观察丹皮酚对PM2.5诱导支气管上皮细胞(BEAS-2B)分泌IL-8的影响。方法:BEAS-2B细胞传代培养,分别加入丹皮酚(15μmol/L、30μmol/L)预处理1 h,ELISA法检测不同浓度的PM2.5悬液(25μg/m L、50μg/m L、100μg/m L)对BEAS-2B细胞分泌IL-8蛋白的影响。结果:随着PM2.5悬液浓度的升高,BEAS-2B细胞上清液中IL-8水平逐渐增高;丹皮酚干预后能够显著降低BEAS-2B细胞上清液中IL-8水平(P0.05),并呈浓度依赖性。结论:丹皮酚具有抑制PM2.5诱导的BEAS-2B细胞分泌IL-8蛋白表达的作用,并呈浓度依赖性。     

孕酮和米非司酮对蒙古绵羊输卵管上皮细胞β-防御素mRNA表达的影响

β-防御素(β-defensin)在雌性动物生殖道广泛存在,起免疫防御作用.为了研究孕酮与雌性生殖道β-防御素mRNA表达的关系,本实验建立绵羊(Ovis aries)输卵管上皮细胞培养体系,添加不同浓度孕酮(10~(-6),10~(-7),10~(-8),10~(-9)和10~(-10) mol/L)和孕酮拮抗剂米非司酮后提取细胞总RNA,利用实时定量PCR测定β-防御素mRNA的相对表达量.结果显示,一定浓度的孕酮(10~(-6),10~(-7),10~(-8)和10~(-9) mol/L)对培养的输卵管上皮细胞β-defensin mRNA的表达有促进作用,且不同浓度的孕酮对β-defensin mRNA的表达的影响程度不同.米非司酮极显著抑制了孕酮诱导的β-defemin mRNA的表达.结果表明,孕酮通过与孕酮受体结合促进β-defensin mRNA的表达,推断雌性生理周期下孕酮可能通过作用于β-defensin等影响自身免疫.     

牦牛输卵管上皮细胞分离培养和纯化鉴定

为建立牦牛输卵管上皮细胞原代培养及纯化方法,通过选取牦牛输卵管,运用机械刮取法和0.25%胰蛋白酶消化两种方法分离上皮细胞进行体外培养。对不同分离方法的培养效果比较,培养细胞进行形态学观察与传代培养、MTT比色检测细胞活力并制定生长曲线,原代及传代上皮细胞的免疫组织化学鉴定,冷冻解冻后经台盼蓝排斥试验检测活细胞数。结果表明该试验分离出的原代细胞,纯化后传代培养,经鉴定为牦牛输卵管上皮细胞,培养的细胞生长状况良好,建立了一套牦牛输卵管上皮细胞分离培养及纯化鉴定的方法。     

增龄对大鼠输卵管粘膜上皮糖蛋白的影响

目的揭示增龄对大鼠输卵管粘膜上皮糖蛋白的影响.方法分别以5只1月龄、8月龄和18月龄健康雌性SD大鼠作为性成熟前期组(IMG)、性成熟期组(MG)和更年期组(CMG).取输卵管石蜡切片,然后进行PAS及PAS-阿尔新蓝染色.结果①PAS反应显示:峡部粘膜上皮阳性反应明显,三组阳性产物平均光密度值相比,MG与IMG、CMG间差异有高度显著性(P<0.01).②PAS-阿尔新蓝染色显示:峡部粘膜皱襞处上皮细胞游离面有少量淡蓝色阳性产物出现,三组间淡蓝色阳性产物未见明显差异.结论大鼠输卵管峡部粘膜上皮能合成和分泌两种蛋白质:中性糖蛋白和酸性糖蛋白.增龄对大鼠输卵管峡部粘膜上皮中性糖蛋白的合成和分泌有明显的影响,对酸性糖蛋白无明显影响.     

输卵管素(Oviductins)的研究进展

一类具有广泛结构多态性的输卵管特异的糖蛋白———输卵管素,可与卵子的透明带和着床前胚胎相联系。本文综述了这种糖蛋白的合成、分泌、进化上的保守性及其在受精和早期胚胎发育过程中的重要作用。     

Fate of hamster oviductin in the oviduct and uterus during early gestation

Oviductins are a family of glycoproteins which are synthesized and secreted by oviductal secretory cells and which, upon their secretion in the lumen of the oviduct, become associated with postovulatory oocytes and developing embryos. Recently, we showed that hamster oviductin is maximally secreted in the oviduct at the time of ovulation and is later associated with a certain population of uterine epithelial cells, where it is subsequently endocytosed and degraded. In light of these results, this study was conducted to follow the fate of hamster oviductin in the oviduct and uterus during early gestation. Using a monoclonal antibody against hamster oviductin, immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling revealed that during early gestation, immunoreactivity to oviductin in the uterus gradually diminished to an almost total disappearance at time of implantation. However, the strong labeling intensity remained unchanged in the oviduct. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that a degradation of oviductin occurs in the uterus, and a loss of immunoreactivity was also observed as gestation progressed, so that by the time of implantation, immunoreactivity to oviductin was barely detectable. The decrease of oviductin along the uterine epithelium at the time of blastocyst attachment and its final disappearance at implantation suggest that this glycoprotein could be a potential modulator of uterine receptivity. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 46:306–317, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Detection of nascent and/or mature forms of oviductin in the female reproductive tract and post-ovulatory oocytes by use of a polyclonal antibody against recombinant hamster oviductin.

Oviductins belong to a family of glycoproteins that have been suggested to play several roles during the early processes of reproduction. Recently, a polyclonal antibody was raised against recombinant hamster oviductin (rhaOv(m)). Here the anti-rhaOv(m) antibody was used to investigate the sites of localization of oviductin in the female golden hamster. In the hamster oviduct, immunolabeling was restricted to the content of the Golgi saccules and secretory granules of the non-ciliated oviduct cells. After its release into the lumen, oviductin becomes associated with the zona pellucida of post-ovulatory oocytes. In unfertilized oocytes, oviductin was also detected in membrane invaginations along the oolemma and in some vesicles within the ooplasm. Furthermore, oviductin was detected over the microvilli and within multivesicular bodies of uterine epithelial cells. Western blotting analysis revealed the presence of oviductin in the hamster oviduct but not in the uterus or ovary. In the oviduct, the anti-rhaOv(m) antibody detected a polydispersed band corresponding to native oviductin (160-350 kD) and several lower molecular weight bands (<100 kD) corresponding to nascent and partially glycosylated forms of oviductin. The anti-rhaOv(m) antibody provides an additional tool for investigation into the cytochemical and biochemical properties of different forms of hamster oviductin in the female reproductive tract.     

Equine chorionic gonadotropin increases estradiol levels in the bovine oviduct and drives the transcription of genes related to fertilization in superstimulated cows

In the bovine oviduct, estradiol (E2) stimulates secretion and cell proliferation, whereas progesterone (P4) suppresses them. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of two superstimulatory protocols (follicle‐stimulating hormone [FSH] or FSH combined with equine chorionic gonadotropin [eCG]) on the oviductal levels of E2 and P4 and its outcome on oviductal cells. Compared with the control group (a single pre‐ovulatory follicle), we have observed that the cows submitted to FSH/eCG treatment showed a higher concentration of E2 in the oviduct tissue, together with a higher abundance of messenger RNA encoding steroid receptors (ESR1 and progesterone receptor), and genes linked to gamete interactions and regulation of polyspermy (oviduct‐specific glycoprotein 1, heat‐shock protein family A member 5, α‐l ‐fucosidase 1 [FUCA1], and FUCA2) in the infundibulum and ampulla segments of the oviduct. However, we did not observe any modulation of gene expression in the isthmus segment. Even though the FSH protocol upregulated some of the genes analyzed, we may infer that the steady effect of FSH combined with eCG on oviduct regulation might benefit fertilization and may potentially increase pregnancy rates.     

Characterization of an immortalized oviduct cell line from the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

To establish reproductive biological techniques in mammals, it is important to understand the growth environment of the embryo. Oviduct epithelial cells are in close proximity to the embryo during pre-implantation development. We, therefore, established an immortalized oviduct epithelial cell line from the cynomolgus monkey, evaluated the usefulness of these cells as feeder cells for embryo culture, and investigated the gene expression of several growth factors and cytokines in the cells. The immortalized cells were positive for the anti-cytokeratin antibody, as determined by immunocytochemistry, indicating that they are epithelial. They also expressed oviductin, which is specific to oviduct epithelial cells, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (control), leukemia inhibitory factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor 1, transforming growth factor beta-2, and interleukin 4. Mouse embryo development was improved when the immortalized cells were used as feeder cells. This cell line is also useful for studying the factors secreted by oviduct epithelial cells.     

Sequence analysis of feline oviductin and its expression during the estrous cycle in the domestic cat (Felis catus)

Oviductins belong to a family of oviduct-specific glycoproteins believed to play an important role in fertilization and/or early embryonic development. Oviductin cDNA between species is highly conserved and shares 58% to 98% similarity in the deduced amino acid sequences. Our objective in this study was to sequence the full open reading frame of the feline oviductin and to examine its expression during the estrous cycle on both mRNA and protein level. The obtained cDNA containing the full open reading frame was determined to be 1677 nucleotides coding for a deduced protein of 558 amino acids. Identities between species range from 74% (mouse) to 80% (human, baboon, and rhesus) within the N-terminal protein region. Major differences were localized in the carboxy terminal region, which corresponds to exon 11 of the gene. Feline oviductin contained one putative N-linked glycosylation site, six O-linked glycosylation sites, a potential heparin binding site, and two cholesterol recognition and/or interaction amino acid consensus (CRAC) domains. Oviductin expression was analyzed by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. Both approaches revealed an estrous cycle-dependent expression in the ampulla and isthmus. Quantitative PCR showed highest oviductin mRNA copy numbers in the early and late follicular stage and reduced mRNA expression during all other stages. With the exception of the early follicular stage, feline oviductin mRNA abundance was not significantly different in the oviductal segments ampulla and isthmus. A prominent immunolabeling was seen in the early and late follicular stage which disappeared after ovulation, indicating a function of the protein during sperm storage and fertilization.     

植物源物质诱导的斜纹夜蛾细胞凋亡

为了研究植物源物质对斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura离体培养细胞系SL-1的凋亡诱导作用,采用倒置相差显微镜观察了印楝素、喜树碱等9种物质各自对SL-1凋亡小体的浓度效应及时序性。结果表明：印楝素0.1～5.0 μg/mL和喜树碱0.5～20.0 μmol/L处理SL-1,24～48 h后均产生大量典型的凋亡小体;茶皂素、蓖麻碱、黄樟油、丹皮酚、烟碱、苦参碱和博落回碱0.1～20.0 μg/mL处理SL-1后,整个观察期72 h内均无明显凋亡小体出现,凋亡诱导作用不明显。印楝素0.75 μg/mL诱导SL-1 细胞凋亡,从凋亡小体判断,处理后0～36 h属细胞凋亡早期,36～60 h属细胞凋亡中期,60 h后为细胞凋亡晚期。喜树碱 5.0 μmol/L诱导SL-1细胞凋亡,处理后0～24 h属细胞凋亡前期,24～54 h属细胞凋亡中期,54 h后进入细胞凋亡晚期。初步认为印楝素和喜树碱对SL-1有凋亡诱导作用,并具有一定的浓度依赖性和时序性。