低强度微波辐射对人精子非热生物效应的研究

选用频率２４５０ＭＨｚ分别在３、５、７、９ｍＷ／ｃｍ２的功率密度,使用新型宽带横电磁传输室（ＢＴＥＭＣＥＬＬ）辐射人精子１小时,我们发现只有５ｍＷ／ｃｍ２的强度对人射子的活动度、存活率、畸形率又穿卵率有显著的影响,这表明在５ｍＷ／ｃｍ２附近存在明显的功率密度窗效应。同时还发现,７ｍＷ／ｃｍ２组的精子的染色体出现畸变。最后对实验结果进行了讨论。     

不同卵龄小鼠卵母细胞激活和受精的比较研究(英文)

本实验比较了不同卵龄的小鼠卵母细胞受酒精人工刺激后的激活率和体外受精率,以探讨卵母细胞激活和受精的机制。向ＮＩＨ雌鼠腹腔注射孕马血清促性腺激素（ＰＭＳＧ）７．５单位,４８小时后注射人绒毛膜促性激素（ＨＣＧ）７．５单位,于不同时间杀小鼠,取卵母细胞与卵丘细胞的复合体（ＯＣＣ）。从注射ＨＣＧ后到取ＯＣＣ的时间视为卵母细胞的卵龄。将ＯＣＣ置于含８％酒精的Ｍ２中７分钟,再在Ｍ１６中培养５小时后,用０．３ｍｇ／ｍＬ的透明质酸酶去卵丘细胞。卵母细胞形成原核或速即卵裂为激活的标志。将ＯＣＣ加入已获能的精子悬液中,５小时后将从卵丘细胞中释放出来的卵母细胞转移到Ｍ１６中,次日发生卵裂为卵母细胞体外受精和激活的标志。小鼠卵母细胞卵龄为２０ｈ,其激活率为８１．６％,速即卵裂率为４８．０％;而卵龄进一步增加到２４ｈ,激活率和卵裂率转为下降（Ｔａｂｌｅ１）。而卵母细胞受精子激活和受精则不同,卵龄为１５ｈ,卵母细胞的体外受精率为４５．４％;随着卵龄的进一步增加,体外受精率则下降（Ｔａｂｌｅ２）。Ｆｉｇ．１显示：新排出的卵母细胞容易被精子激活而受精;卵龄较大的卵母细胞较易被酒精的人工刺激而激活。可能是卵母细胞从成熟到老化过程中,细胞的结     

4NQO对蚕豆诱变效应的研究

本试验利用４ＮＱＯ为诱变剂处理蚕豆种子,研究其诱变效应。结果表明;４ＮＱＯ对蚕豆Ｍ１的发芽率、苗高及染色体有较强的影响,可诱发蚕豆Ｍ１细胞染色体畸变。畸变类型以微核为主,是一种有效的诱变剂。     

猪精子中与卵透明带糖蛋白ZP3结合的蛋白质

依次经ＰＳＬ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ亲和层析柱和纤维素ＣＭ－５２离子交换层析柱,从猪精子的ＣＨＡＰＳ抽提液分离得４个蛋白质组分。用固相透明带精蛋白结合试验（ＩＺＰＧＢＡ）检测;表明精子蛋白ＳＰ１和ＳＰ２具有结合透明带糖蛋白ＺＰ３的活性,ＳＰ２并显示凝集血球的活性。精子蛋白ＳＰ１与卵预温育明显抑制精卵结合,抑制活性与加入的精子蛋白的浓度呈正相关。用生物素标记的ＺＰ３和蛋白质印迹技术,证明ＳＰ１中的６８ｋＤ精子蛋白与ＺＰ３结合,提示６８ｋＤ精子蛋白参与精卵结合。     

平阳霉素诱发人精子染色体畸变—评价化学物质致断性的一种离体测试系统*

人精子经已知的致断剂平阳霉素处理后与去透明带地鼠卵受精,继而制备人精子染色体进行核型分析。平阳霉素20μg, 40μg, 60μg/ml各剂量组均诱发出了多种类型的染色体结构畸变;其畸变精子率依次为39%、44%, 52.4%,其断裂均数依次为1.90, 2.70, 3.86,与对照组的畸变精子率4%和断裂均数0.07分别进行比较,差异非常显著(P<0.01)并存在明显的剂量依赖关系。本研究为检测化学物质对人精子中染色体的致断作用提供了一种新的离体测试系统。     

平阳霉素诱发人精子染色体畸变——评价化学物质致断性的一种离体测试系统

人精子经已知的致断剂平阳霉素处理后与去透明带地鼠卵受精,继而制备人精子染色体进行核型分析。平阳霉素20μg、40μg、60μg/ml各剂量组均诱发出了多种类型的染色体结构畸变;其畸变精子率依次为39％、44％、52.4％,其断裂均数依次为1.90、2.70、3.86,与对照组的畸变精子率4％和断裂均数0.07分别进行比较,差异非常显著(P<0.01)并存在明显的剂量依赖关系。本研究为检测化学物质对人精子中染色体的致断作用提供了一种新的离体测试系统。     

γ-氨基丁酸诱发人精子顶体反应及其受精能力

本文的目的是为了探讨γ－氨基丁酸是否可激发人精子顶体反应,受主其可能的作用方式。实验采用金霉素荧光染色法,胞内游离Ｃ６２＋测定和精子穿透去透明带仓鼠卵试验,分别评价ＧＡＢＡ诱发人精子ＡＲ及其穿卵能力。结果表明;ＧＡＢＡ可诱发人获能精子发生ＡＲ,且随精子获得进程而显著增加,并存在明显的量效关系,该作用可被Ｐ４加强。     

乳酸脱氢酶C4的精子免疫荧光定位特性

用１４个抗小鼠ＬＤＨ－Ｃ４的单克隆抗体对小鼠、树鼯和人精子的ＬＤＨ－Ｃ４进行了间接免疫荧光定位。结果显示：不同的单抗可以结合到小鼠精子表面不同的位置，其中ＰＡ１（Ｋ０２１）在尾部，ＰＡ２（Ｋ０２２）、ＰＡ４和ＰＡ５（Ｋ０２３）在中段和尾部，ＳＭ１、ＳＭ２和ＰＧ２的中段，ＳＭ３和ＳＭ４在顶体，ＳＭ５在顶体和赤道板。人和树鼯精子表面的ＬＤＨ－Ｃ４也呈现类似的情况。这些研究表明精子表面的ＬＤＨ－Ｃ４呈现     

一种与受精有关的人精子膜蛋白（BS－17）的分离纯化

本文用盐分级分离,ＭｏｎｏＱＦＰＬＣ及ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ）等方法从人精子ＣＨＡＰＳ抽提液中分离纯化出一种与不育病人血清中抗精子抗体发生特异反应的ＢＳ－１７人精子膜蛋白。该蛋白为一糖蛋白,分子量为１７．５５±２．１５ｋＤ,等电点为５．６５,中性己糖含量为１６．６７％。在人精子上主要分布于顶体区域,不同于已有报导的人精子膜蛋白。在体外实验中抗ＢＳ－１７多克隆血清可以显著影响人精子的获能（ｐ＜０．０２５）和对去透明带仓鼠卵的穿透（ｐ＜０．００５）,但不影响人精子运动性及与去透明酯酸带仓鼠卵的结合。小鼠体内被动免疫实验结果证明抗ＢＳ－１７多抗血清具有明显地抑制受精的功能（ｐ＜０．００１）。     

CO_2激光与γ射线辐照花生的效应研究

ＣＯ￣２激光对花生的诱变效应跟￣５０Ｃｏ－γ射线对花生的诱变效应相仿,能诱发花生根尖细胞染色体畸变,且畸变率随辐照剂量的增加而上升;也能使花生的一些生物学特征发生变异,其变异性状能向继代遗传。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.