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1.
Successional changes in the soil microbial community along a vegetation development sequence in a subalpine volcanic desert on Mount Fuji, Japan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shinpei Yoshitake Masaaki Fujiyoshi Kenichi Watanabe Takehiro Masuzawa Takayuki Nakatsubo Hiroshi Koizumi 《Plant and Soil》2013,364(1-2):261-272
Aims
To study the relationship between vegetation development and changes in the soil microbial community during primary succession in a volcanic desert, we examined successional changes in microbial respiration, biomass, and community structure in a volcanic desert on Mount Fuji, Japan.Methods
Soil samples were collected from six successional stages, including isolated island-like plant communities. We measured microbial respiration and performed phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis, and community-level physiological profile (CLPP) analysis using Biolog microplates.Results
Microbial biomass (total PLFA content) increased during plant succession and was positively correlated with soil properties including soil water and soil organic matter (SOM) contents. The microbial respiration rate per unit biomass decreased during succession. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling based on the PLFA, DGGE, and CLPP analyses showed a substantial shift in microbial community structure as a result of initial colonization by the pioneer herb Polygonum cuspidatum and subsequent colonization by Larix kaempferi into central areas of island-like communities. These shifts in microbial community structure probably reflect differences in SOM quality.Conclusions
Microbial succession in the volcanic desert of Mt. Fuji was initially strongly affected by colonization of the pioneer herbaceous plant (P. cuspidatum) associated with substantial changes in the soil environment. Subsequent changes in vegetation, including the invasion of shrubs such as L. kaempferi, also affected the microbial community structure. 相似文献2.
Background and Aims
Ecosystem recovery following disturbance requires the reestablishment of key soil biogeochemical processes. This long-term 7 year study describes effects of organic material, moisture, and vegetation on soil microbial community development in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region of Western Canada.Methods
Phospholipid fatty acid analysis was used to characterize and compare soil microbial community composition and development on reclaimed and natural forest sites. Additionally, we conducted a laboratory moisture manipulation experiment.Results
The use of forest floor material as an organic amendment resulted in a greater percent cover of upland vegetation and placed the soil microbial community on a faster trajectory towards ecosystem recovery than did the use of a peat amendment. The soil microbial composition within the reclaimed sites exhibited a greater response to changes in moisture than did the soil microbial communities from natural sites.Conclusion
Our research shows that the use of native organic amendment (forest floor) on reclaimed sites, and the associated establishment of native vegetation promote the development of soil microbial communities more similar to those found on natural forest sites. Additionally, soil microbial communities from natural sites may be more resistant to changes in soil moisture than those found on reclaimed sites. 相似文献3.
Lin Wang Jiugeng Mao Hejuan Zhao Min Li Qishun Wei Ying Zhou Heping Shao 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2016,43(9):1249-1260
Rice straw (RS) is an important raw material for the preparation of Agaricus bisporus compost in China. In this study, the characterization of composting process from RS and wheat straw (WS) was compared for mushroom production. The results showed that the temperature in RS compost increased rapidly compared with WS compost, and the carbon (C)/nitrogen (N) ratio decreased quickly. The microbial changes during the Phase I and Phase II composting process were monitored using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. Bacteria were the dominant species during the process of composting and the bacterial community structure dramatically changed during heap composting according to the DGGE results. The bacterial community diversity of RS compost was abundant compared with WS compost at stages 4–5, but no distinct difference was observed after the controlled tunnel Phase II process. The total amount of PLFAs of RS compost, as an indicator of microbial biomass, was higher than that of WS. Clustering by DGGE and principal component analysis of the PLFA compositions revealed that there were differences in both the microbial population and community structure between RS- and WS-based composts. Our data indicated that composting of RS resulted in improved degradation and assimilation of breakdown products by A. bisporus, and suggested that the RS compost was effective for sustaining A. bisporus mushroom growth as well as conventional WS compost. 相似文献
4.
Indirect effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination on microbial communities in legume and grass rhizospheres 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Background and aims
Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is accelerated in the presence of plants, due to the stimulation of rhizosphere microbes by plant exudates (nonspecific enhancement). However, plants may also recruit specific microbial groups in response to PAH stress (specific enhancement). In this study, plant effects on the development of rhizosphere microbial communities in heterogeneously contaminated soils were assessed for three grasses (ryegrass, red fescue and Yorkshire fog) and four legumes (white clover, chickpea, subterranean clover and red lentil).Methods
Plants were cultivated using a split-root model with their roots divided between two independent pots containing either uncontaminated soil or PAH-contaminated soil (pyrene or phenanthrene). Microbial community development in the two halves of the rhizosphere was assessed by T-RFLP (bacterial and fungal community) or DGGE (bacterial community), and by 16S rRNA gene tag-pyrosequencing.Results
In legume rhizospheres, the microbial community structure in the uncontaminated part of the split-root model was significantly influenced by the presence of PAH-contamination in the other part of the root system (indirect effect), but this effect was not seen for grasses. In the contaminated rhizospheres, Verrucomicrobia and Actinobacteria showed increased populations, and there was a dramatic increase in Denitratisoma numbers, suggesting that this genus may be important in rhizoremediation processes.Conclusion
Our results show that Trifolium and other legumes respond to PAH-contamination stress in a systemic manner, to influence the microbial diversity in their rhizospheres. 相似文献5.
Aims
We assessed the temporal changes on microbial biomass in relation to changes in soil moisture, dissolved organic carbon and plant biomass during the summer season in a Mediterranean high-mountain grassland.Methods
Temporal variations were tested by two-way ANOVA. The relationships among microbial biomass, plant biomass, soil water content, soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon and total soil nitrogen during the summer season were assessed by means of structural equation modeling.Results
Microbial biomass did not show variation, while dissolved organic carbon and root biomass decreased throughout the summer. Aboveground plant biomass peaked in the middle of the summer, when soil water content was at its minimum. Soil water content directly and negatively affected soil microbial biomass, and positively affected dissolved organic carbon. Moreover soil microbial biomass and dissolved organic carbon were negatively related. Plant biomass effects on soil microbial biomass were driven by root biomass, which indirectly affected soil microbial biomass through effects on soil organic carbon and soil nitrogen.Conclusions
The temporal dynamic of microbial biomass during the summer season appeared to differ from previous observations in temperate alpine communities, and indicated the drought resistance of the microbial community during the summer in Mediterranean high-mountain grasslands. During the dry period, microbial biomass may play an alternative role in soil carbon conservation. 相似文献6.
Merian Skouw Haugwitz Lasse Bergmark Anders Priemé Søren Christensen Claus Beier Anders Michelsen 《Plant and Soil》2014,374(1-2):211-222
Background and aims
Soil microbial responses to global change can affect organic matter turnover and nutrient cycling thereby altering the overall ecosystem functioning. In a large-scale experiment, we investigated the impact of 5 years of climate change and elevated atmospheric CO2 on soil microorganisms and nutrient availability in a temperate heathland.Methods
The future climate was simulated by increased soil temperature (+0.3 °C), extended pre-summer drought (excluding 5–8 % of the annual precipitation) and elevated CO2 (+130 ppm) in a factorial design. Soil organic matter and nutrient pools were analysed and linked to microbial measures by quantitative PCR of bacteria and fungi, chloroform fumigation extraction, and substrate-induced respiration to assess their impact of climate change on nutrient availability.Results
Warming resulted in higher measures of fungi and bacteria, of microbial biomass and of microbial growth potential, however, this did not reduce the availability of nitrogen or phosphorus in the soil. Elevated CO2 did not directly affect the microbial measures or nutrient pools, whereas drought shifted the microbial community towards a higher fungal dominance.Conclusions
Although we were not able to show strong interactive effects of the global change factors, warming and drought changed both nutrient availability and microbial community composition in the heathland soil, which could alter the ecosystem carbon and nutrient flow in the long-term. 相似文献7.
Piva Jonatas Thiago Dieckow Jeferson Bayer Cimélio Zanatta Josiléia Acordi de Moraes Anibal Pauletti Volnei Tomazi Michely Pergher Maico 《Plant and Soil》2012,354(1-2):359-370
Aims
We investigated the link between tree community composition and soil microbial community biomass and structure in central-eastern Spain.Methods
The effects of the forest stand composition on the soil organic matter dynamics and on the structure and activity of the soil microbial community have been determined using phospholipid fatty acid profiles and soil enzymatic activities.Results
The soil and litter N and C contents were higher in Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii and Quercus ilex mixed forest stands (SBHO) and in long-term unmanaged Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii forest stands (SBPC) than in pure Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii forest stands (SBPA) and Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii and Juniperus thurifera mixed forest stands (SBSJ). The bacterial biomass was significantly higher in SBSJ and SBPA than in SBPC and SBHO. The results show an uncoupling of the soil microbial biomass and its activity. pH is related to microbial biomass and its community structure under a Mediterranean humid climate.Conclusions
The tree species seem to affect the biomass of the soil microbial community and its structure. The pH, but not the C/N ratio, is a factor influencing the microbial dynamics, biomass, and community structure. 相似文献8.
Evaluation of apple replant problems based on different soil disinfection treatments—links to soil microbial community structure? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Background and aims
Replant problems or soil sickness are known phenomena but still unsolved. The aims of this study were (i) to set up a test system for detecting replant problems using in vitro propagated apple rootstocks (M26) based on different soil disinfection treatments and (ii) to explore the treatment effects on root morphology and soil microbial community structure.Methods
The bio-test involved soil with apple replant problems (apple sick) and healthy soil from an adjacent plot, both either untreated, or submitted to treatments of 50 and 100 °C, or the chemical soil disinfectant Basamid. Histological analyses of roots and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprints in rhizosphere soil collected at the final evaluation were performed.Results
After 10 weeks, shoot dry mass on apple sick soil was 79, 108 and 124 % higher for soil treated at 50 °C, 100 °C and with Basamid, respectively, compared to the untreated soil. Roots in untreated apple sick soil showed destroyed epidermal and cortical layers. DGGE fingerprints revealed treatment dependent differences in community composition and relative abundance of total bacteria, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and total fungi.Conclusions
The clear differences detected in soil microbial communities are the first steps towards a better understanding of the causes for apple replant problems. 相似文献9.
Antoine Cellier Thierry Gauquelin Virginie Baldy Christine Ballini 《Plant and Soil》2014,376(1-2):211-228
Backgrounds and aims
In Mediterranean frequently burnt areas, the decrease of soil fertility leads to regressive vegetation dynamics. Organic amendments could help to accelerate post-fire ecosystem resilience, by improving soil properties and plant nutrition. This study was conducted to assess the potential of a composted biosolid to restore an early post-fire shrubland.Methods
About 50 Mg.ha?1 of fresh co-composted sewage sludge and green wastes were surface applied 7 months after fire on a silty-clayey soil. We monitored over a 2-year period organic matter and nutrient transfers to soil, nutrient responses of dominant plant species, and ecosystem contamination by potentially toxic trace elements.Results
Over the experimental survey, compost rapidly and durably improved soil P2O5, MgO and K2O content, and temporarily increased N-(NO3 ? + NO2 ?) content. Plant nutrition was improved more or less durably depending species. The most positive compost effect was on plant and soil phosphorus content. Plant nutrient storage was not improved 2 years after amendment, suggesting luxury consumption. No contamination by trace elements was detected in soil and plant.Conclusions
The use of compost after fire could help for rapidly restoring soil fertility and improving plant nutrition. The increase of soil nutrient pools after amendment emphazised the diversity of plant nutritional traits. Eutrophication risk could occur from high compost and soil P2O5 content. 相似文献10.
Aims
Effects of different soil amendments were investigated on methane (CH4) emission, soil quality parameters and rice productivity in irrigated paddy field of Bangladesh.Methods
The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with five treatments and three replications. The experimental treatments were urea (220 kg ha?1) + rice straw compost (2 t ha?1) as a control, urea (170 kg ha?1) + rice straw compost (2 t ha?1) + silicate fertilizer, urea (170 kg ha?1) + sesbania biomass (2 t ha?1 ) + silicate fertilizer, urea (170 kg ha?1) + azolla biomass (2 t ha?1) + cyanobacterial mixture 15 kg ha?1 silicate fertilizer, urea (170 kg ha?1) + cattle manure compost (2 t ha?1) + silicate fertilizer.Results
The average of two growing seasons CH4 flux 132 kg ha?1 was recorded from the conventional urea (220 kg ha?1) with rice straw compost incorporated field plot followed by 126.7 (4 % reduction), 130.7 (1.5 % reduction), 116 (12 % reduction) and 126 (5 % reduction) kg CH4 flux ha?1 respectively, with rice straw compost, sesbania biomass, azolla anabaena and cattle manure compost in combination urea and silicate fertilizer applied plots. Rice grain yield was increased by 15 % and 10 % over the control (4.95 Mg ha?1) with silicate plus composted cattle manure and silicate plus azolla anabaena, respectively. Soil quality parameters such as soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, soil redox status and cations exchange capacity were improved with the added organic materials and azolla biofertilizer amendments with silicate slag and optimum urea application (170 kg ha?1) in paddy field.Conclusion
Integrated application of silicate fertilizer, well composted organic manures and azolla biofertilizer could be an effective strategy to minimize the use of conventional urea fertilizer, reducing CH4 emissions, improving soil quality parameters and increasing rice productivity in subtropical countries like Bangladesh. 相似文献11.
Aims
The main objective was to describe the effects of plant litter on SOC and on soil microbial activity and structure in extensively managed grasslands in Central Germany that vary in biomass production and plant community composition.Methods
The decomposition of shoot and root litter was studied in an incubation experiment. Labile C and N were isolated by hot water extraction (CHWE, NHWE), while functional groups of microbes were identified by PLFA analysis and microbial activity was measured using a set of soil exo-enzymes.Results
The plant community composition, particulary legume species affected SOC dynamics and below-ground microbial processes, especially via roots. This was reflected in about 20% lower decomposition of root litter in low productivity grassland soil. The CHWE soil pool was found to be a key driver of the below-ground food web, controlling soil microbial processes.Conclusions
Below-ground responses appear to be related to the presence of legume species, which affected the microbial communities, as well as the ratio between fungal and bacterial biomass and patterns of soil enzyme activity. Low productivity fungal-dominated grasslands with slow C turnover rates may play an important role in SOC accumulation. The approach used here is of particular importance, since associated biological and biochemical processes are fundamental to ecosystem functioning. 相似文献12.
Hui Li Dandan Ye Xugao Wang Matthew Lee Settles Jun Wang Zhanqing Hao Lisha Zhou Ping Dong Yong Jiang Zhanshan Ma 《Plant and Soil》2014,383(1-2):203-216
Background and aims
The types of natural forests have long been suggested to shape below-ground microbial communities in forest ecosystem. However, detailed information on the impressionable bacterial groups and the potential mechanisms of these influences are still missing. The present study aims to deepen the current understanding on the soil microbial communities under four typical forest types in Northeast Asia, and to reveal the environmental factors driving the abundance, diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities.Methods
Four forest types from Changbai Nature Reserve, representing mixed conifer-broadleaf forest and its natural secondary forest, evergreen coniferous forest, and deciduous coniferous forest were selected for this study. Namely, Broadleaf-Korean pine mixed forest (BLKP), secondary Poplar-Birch forest (PB), Spruce-Fir forest (SF), and Larch forest (LA), respectively. Soil bacterial community was analyzed using bar-coded pyrosequencing. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) was used to illustrate the clustering of different samples based on both Bray-Curtis distances and UniFrac distances. The relationship between environmental variables and the overall community structure was analyzed using the Mantel test.Results
The two mixed conifer-broadleaf forests (BLKP and PB) displayed higher total soil nutrients (organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) and soil pH, but a lower C/N ratio as compared to the two coniferous forests (SF and LA). The mixed conifer-broadleaf forests had higher alpha-diversity and had distinct bacterial communities from the coniferous forests. Soil texture and pH were found as the principle factors for shaping soil bacterial diversity and community composition. The two mixed conifer-broadleaf forests were associated with higher proportion of Acidobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi. While the SF and LA forests were dominated by Proteobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes.Conclusions
Different natural forest type each selects for distinct microbial communities beneath them, with mixed conifer-broadleaf forests being associated with the low-activity bacterial groups, and the coniferous forests being dominated by the so-called high-activity members. The differentiation of soil bacterial communities in natural forests are presumably mediated by the differentiation in terms of soil properties, and could be partially explained by the copiotroph/oligotroph ecological classification model and non-random co-occurrence patterns. 相似文献13.
Mechanisms linking plant community properties to soil aggregate stability in an experimental grassland plant diversity gradient 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
G. Pérès D. Cluzeau S. Menasseri J. F. Soussana H. Bessler C. Engels M. Habekost G. Gleixner A. Weigelt W. W. Weisser S. Scheu N. Eisenhauer 《Plant and Soil》2013,367(1-2):285-299
Background and aims
Soil aggregate stability depends on plant community properties, such as functional group composition, diversity and biomass production. However, little is known about the relative importance of these drivers and the role of soil organisms in mediating plant community effects.Methods
We studied soil aggregate stability in an experimental grassland plant diversity gradient and considered several explanatory variables to mechanistically explain effects of plant diversity and plant functional group composition. Three soil aggregate stability measures (slaking, mechanical breakdown and microcracking) were considered in path analyses.Results
Soil aggregate stability increased significantly from monocultures to plant species mixtures and in the presence of grasses, while it decreased in the presence of legumes, though effects differed somewhat between soil aggregate stability measures. Using path analysis plant community effects could be explained by variations in root biomass, soil microbial biomass, soil organic carbon concentrations (all positive relationships), and earthworm biomass (negative relationship with mechanical breakdown).Conclusions
The present study identified important drivers of plant community effects on soil aggregate stability. The effects of root biomass, soil microbial biomass, and soil organic carbon concentrations were largely consistent across plant diversity levels suggesting that the mechanisms identified are of general relevance. 相似文献14.
Effects of disturbance scale on soil microbial communities in the Western Cascades of Oregon 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Stacie A. Kageyama Nancy R. Posavatz Sarah S. Jones Kirk E. Waterstripe Peter J. Bottomley Kermit Cromack Jr. David D. Myrold 《Plant and Soil》2013,372(1-2):459-471
Aims
To gain a better understanding of how rapidly microbial communities respond to different magnitudes of perturbation that mimic minor or catastrophic disturbances.Methods
Two montane sites in the western Cascade Mountains of Oregon with adjacent areas of forest and meadow vegetation were studied. A reciprocal transplant experiment evaluated both minor (soil cores remaining in the same vegetation type) or more severe disturbance (soil cores transferred to a different vegetation type). The biomass and composition of the bacterial and fungal communities were measured for 2 years following the establishment of the experiment.Results
Minor disturbance (coring) had little impact on microbial biomass but transferring between vegetation type showed greater fungal biomass in soil incubated in the forest environment. The composition of bacterial communities was not influenced by coring but responded strongly to transfers between vegetation sites, changing to reflect their new environment after 2 years. Fungal community composition responded somewhat to coring, probably from disrupting mycorrhizal fungal hyphae, but more strongly to being transferred to a new environment.Conclusions
The response of the microbial community to major disturbance was rapid, showing shifts reflective of their new environment within 2 years, suggesting that microbial communities have the capacity to quickly adjust to catastrophic disturbances. 相似文献15.
Yui Osanai Damian S. Bougoure Helen L. Hayden Mark J. Hovenden 《Plant and Soil》2013,368(1-2):419-431
Background and aims
Specific associations exist between plant species and the soil microbial community and these associations vary between habitat types and different plant groups. However, there is evidence that the associations are highly specific. Hence, we aimed to determine the specificity of plant-microbe relationships amongst co-occurring grass species in a temperate grassland.Methods and results
We examined the broad microbial groups of bacteria and fungi as well as a specific fungal group, the arbuscular mycorrhizal community amongst two dominant C3 and C4 species and one sub-dominant C3 species using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. We found that the two dominant species were more similar to each other in their bacterial and arbuscular mycorrhizal community composition than either was to the sub-dominant species, but not in their fungal community composition. We also found no clear evidence that those differences were directly linked to soil chemical properties.Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that co-occurring grass species have a distinct soil microbial community and T-RFLP analysis is able to detect plant species effect on the microbial community composition on an extremely local scale, providing an insight into the differences in the response of bacterial, fungal and arbuscular mycorrhizal communities to different, but similar and co-occurring, plant species. 相似文献16.
Chunzhang Zhao Liying Zhu Jin Liang Huajun Yin Chunying Yin Dandan Li Nannan Zhang Qing Liu 《Plant and Soil》2014,382(1-2):189-201
Aim
This study aimed at predicting how sub-alpine coniferous ecosystems respond to global changes in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau by understanding soil microbial communities and activities, as well as variation in the quality and quantity of soil organic matter.Methods
An experiment was conducted to examine soil microbial communities and their related soil processes in rhizospheric soil of two coniferous species that were exposed to two levels of temperature (unwarmed and infrared heater warming) and two levels of nitrogen (unfertilized and 25 g N m?2 a?1) from April 2007.Results
Four-year night warming alone slightly affected the phospholipid fatty acid contents of the microbial community. However, the combination of nitrogen addition and soil warming significantly affected soil microbial composition while reducing the biomass of major microbial groups and the activities of most enzymes, especially in Abies faxoniana plots. The combination of warming and nitrogen addition increased soil labile C and N pools in Picea asperata plots and was beneficial for soil recalcitrant C, as well as for labile and total C and N pools in A. faxoniana plots.Conclusion
Results indicated that future warming will slightly affect soil microbial communities and their related soil processes. However, warming combined with high nitrogen deposition will significantly constrain soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities, consequently increasing soil C and N pools in sub-alpine coniferous forests of this region. 相似文献17.
18.
Background and aims
Phosphorus and nitrogen availability and forms are affected by soil properties as well as by plant species and further modulated by soil microbes. Additionally, close contact of the roots of two plant species may affect concentrations and forms of N and P. The aim of this study was to assess properties related to N and P cycling in the rhizosphere of wheat and legumes grown in monoculture or in wheat/legume mixtures in three soils differing in pH.Methods
Faba bean, white lupin and wheat were grown in three soils differing in pH (4.8, 7.5 and 8.8) in monoculture or in mixed culture of wheat and legumes. Rhizosphere soil was collected at flowering and analyzed for P pools by sequential fractionation, available N as well as community structure of bacteria, fungi, ammonia oxidizers, N2-fixers and P mobilizers by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)—denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE).Results
Soil type was the major factor determining plant growth, rhizosphere nutrient dynamics and microbial community structure. Among the crop species, only faba bean had a significant effect on nitrification potential activity (PNA) in all three soils with lower activity compared to the unplanted soil. Soil type and plant spieces affected the community composition of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOB), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), N2-fixers (nifH), P mobilizers (ALP gene) and fungi, but not that of bacteria. Among the microbial groups, the AOA and nifH community composition were most strongly affected by crop species, cropping system and soil type, suggesting that these groups are quite sensitive to environmental conditions. All plants depleted some labile as well as non-labile P pools whereas the less labile organic P pools (NaOH extractable P pools, acid extractable P pools) accumulated in the rhizosphere of legumes. The pattern of depletion and accumulation of some P pools differed between monoculture and mixed culture as well as among soils.Conclusions
Plant growth and rhizosphere properties were mainly affected by soil type, but also by crop species whereas cropping system had the least effect. Wheat and the legumes depleted less labile inorganic P pools in some soils whereas less labile organic P pools (NaOH extractable P, acid extractable P) accumulated in the rhizosphere of legumes. 相似文献19.
Gema Bárcenas-Moreno Fuensanta García-Orenes Jorge Mataix-Beneyto Erland Bååth 《Plant and Soil》2014,374(1-2):701-713
Aims
Plant species can influence fire intensity and severity causing different immediate and long-term responses on the soil microbial community. The main objective of this work was to determine the role of two representative Mediterranean plant species as soil organic matter sources, and to identify their influence on microbial response before and after heat exposure.Methods
A laboratory heating experiment (300 °C for 20 min) was performed using soil collected under Pinus hallepensis (PIN) and Quercus coccifera (KER). Dried plant material was added before heating for a total of six different treatments: non-heated control samples amended with the original plant material (PIN0 and KER0); PIN samples heated with pine (PINp) or kermes oak litter (PINk); KER samples heated with kermes oak (KERk) or pine litter (KERp). Heated soils were inoculated with the original fresh soil and different microbial parameters related to abundance, activity and possible changes in microbial community composition and chemical soil parameters that could be conditioning microbial response were measured for 28 days after inoculation.Results
The effect of heating on the soil microbial parameters studied was influenced to a small extent by the plant species providing fuel, being evident in soil samples taken under pine influence. Nevertheless heating effect showed marked differences when plant species influence on soil origin was analyzed.Conclusions
In general, samples taken under pine appear to be more negatively affected by heating treatment than samples collected under kermes oak, highlighting the importance of vegetation as a fresh organic matter source in soil ecosystems before and after fire. 相似文献20.
Rafael G. Tonucci Vimala D. Nair P. K. Ramachandran Nair Rasmo Garcia 《Plant and Soil》2017,414(1-2):281-294