中国长白山蚋属一新种(双翅目,蚋科)

记述长白山蚋属蚋亚属Simulium(Simulium)土根蚋组tuberosum-group 1新种.模式标本存放于贵阳医学院生物学教研室.皱板蚋,新种Simulium(Simulium) rugosum sp.nov.(图1～14)隶属于蚋科蚋属蚋亚属土根蚋组,主要特征是雄虫生殖腹板马鞍形,侧突中凹,具半圆形腹中突,板体具众多皱纹,与报告自西伯利亚的S.(S.)gugatum (Boldarueva)近似,但后者(根据Yankovsky,2002的描述和附图)仅知雄虫和蛹,其雄虫足色,中骨形状,阳基侧突钩数以及蛹呼吸丝形状和茧编织疏松等特征与新种有明显差异.正模♀,吉林长白山(42° 10′N,100°20′E;海拔2 051 m).副模:6♀♀,3♂♂,12蛹,6幼虫,同正模,吴慧、黄若洋采.词源:新种种名以其雄性生殖腹板具众多皱纹而命名.     

中国贵州宽阔水自然保护区蚋相初报及三新种描述(双翅目,蚋科)(英文)

首次记载贵州省宽阔水自然保护区蚋科Simuliidae14种,并记述其中3新种,包括遵义蚋Simulium(Simulium)zunyiense sp.nov.和新尖板蚋Simulium(Simulium)neoacontum sp.nov.以及隶属于山蚋亚属Simulium(Montisimulium)的离板山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)separatum sp.nov.。模式标本存放于贵阳医学院生物学教研室。遵义蚋,新种S.(S.)zunyiense sp.nov.(图1～13)隶属于蚋亚属杂色蚋组variegatum group,与本组已知近缘种主要区别在雄尾结构,如生殖肢端节,生殖腹板和中骨的形状特殊。正模♂,贵州遵义市宽阔水自然保护区(28°12’N,107°18’E;海拔1483m),2010-09-20,修江帆,陈黔采。词源:新种种名源自模式产地。新尖板蚋,新种S.(S.)neoacontum sp.nov.(图14～19)隶属于蚋亚属淡足蚋组malyschevi group,与尖板蚋S.(S.)acontum Clen et al.,近似,但雄虫生殖肢端节,生殖腹板和中骨的形状迥异,此外,其呼吸丝排列方式也有明显差异。正模♂,贵州宽阔水自然保护区让水(28°17’N,107°08’E;海拔682m),2010-08-13,修江帆采。词源:新种种名源自其形态极似尖板蚋S.(S.)acontum,冠以"neo"以示区别。离板山蚋,新种S.(Montisimulium)separatum sp.nov.(图20～28)隶属于山蚋亚属Subgenus Montimulium与绒丝山蚋S.(M.)nemoriragum(Datta,1973)近似,主要区别是雌虫生殖板内缘远离,蛹呼吸丝背对具短茎。此外,幼虫头扇毛和肛鳃次生叶数目也有明显差异。正模♀,贵州宽阔水自然保护区大洞(28°12’N,107°18’E;海拔1483m),2010-08-20,修江帆,陈黔采。词源:新种种名源自其雌虫生殖板内缘分离。     

黑龙江省蚋科一新种(双翅目,蚋科)

描述黑龙江省蚋属Simulium纺蚋亚属Nevermannia宽足蚋组vernum 1新种,即饶河纺蚋S.(N.)raohense sp.nov..该蚋与宽足纺蚋S.(N.)vernum Macquart,1826,清水纺蚋S.(N.)qingshuiense Chen,2001,内田纺蚋S.(N.)uchidai Takahasi,1950,吉林纺蚋S.(N.)jilinense Chen and Cao,1994,林纺蚋S.(N.)silvestre Rubtsov,1956,新宾纺蚋S.(N.)xinbinense Chen and Cao,1983,S.(N.)tosariense Edwards,1934等蚋种比较相似,但生殖叉突、生殖板、生殖腹板、生殖叉骨和足色均有差异.模式标本保存在军事医学科学院医学昆虫标本馆.     

A SURVEY OF BLACKFLIES WITH THREE NEW SPECIES FROM KUANKUOSHUI, GUIZHOU, CHINA (DIPTERA, SIMULIIDAE)

首次记载贵州省宽阔水自然保护区蚋科Simulüdac 14种,并记述其中3新种,包括遵义蚋Simulium(Simulium)zwunyiense sp.nov.和新尖板蚋Simuium(Simulium)neoacontum sp.nov.以及隶属于山蚋亚属Simulium(Montisimulium)的离板山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium separatum sp.nov..模式标本存放于贵阳医学院生物学教研室.遵义蚋,新种S.(S) zunyiense sp.nov.(图1～13)隶属于蚋亚属杂色蚋组variegatum group,与本组已知近缘种主要区别在雄尾结构,如生殖肢端节,生殖腹板和中骨的形状特殊.正模♂,贵州遵义市宽阔水自然保护区( 28°12′N,107°18′E;海拔l 483 m),2010-09-20,修江帆,陈黔采.词源:新种种名源自模式产地.新尖板蚋,新种S.(S.) neoacontum sp.nov.(图14 ～19)隶属于蚋亚属淡足蚋组malyschevi group,与尖板蚋S.(S.) acontum Clen et al.,近似,但雄虫生殖肢端节,生殖腹板和中骨的形状迥异,此外,其呼吸丝排列方式也有明显差异.正模♂,贵州宽阔水自然保护区让水( 28°17＇N,107°08′E;海拔682 m),2010 08-13,修江帆采.词源:新种种名源自其形态极似尖板蚋S.(S.) acontum,冠以“neo”以示区别.离板山蚋,新种S.(Montisimulium)separatum sp.nov.(图20 ～28)隶属于山蚋亚属Subgenus M.ontinulium与绒丝山蚋S.(M.)nemoriragum(Datta,1973)近似,主要区别是雌虫生殖板内缘远离,蛹呼吸丝背对具短茎.此外,幼虫头扇毛和肛鳃次生叶数目也有明显差异.正模♀,贵州宽阔水自然保护区大洞( 28°12＇N,107°18＇E;海拔1 483 m),2010-08-20,修江帆,陈黔采.词源:新种种名源自其雌虫生殖板内缘分离.     

江西省蚋属一新种(双翅目,蚋科)

首次记述江西省蚋科1新种,庐山蚋Simulium(Simuliun)hushanense sp.nov..新种依其雄性生殖腹板光裸,蛹具6条呼吸丝,似应隶属于蚋亚属的灰额蚋组griseifronsgroup.与报告自马来西亚的显丝蚋S.(S.)grossifilum Takaoka et Davies近似,但后者的雄性尾器与本种迥异,蛹的头毛树状,茧具前侧窗等特征,可资鉴别.     

中国四川碧峰峡蚋属一新种(双翅目,蚋科)

记述碧峰峡蚋属蚋亚属Simulium(Simulium)多条蚋组multistritum-group 1新种.模式标本存放于贵阳医学院生物学教研室.碧峰峡蚋,新种S.(S.) bifengxiaense sp. nov.（图1～16）隶属于蚋属蚋亚属多条蚋组.主要特征是雄虫生殖腹板梨形, 后缘钝圆,具舌状腹突和众多细毛.根据这一独具特征结合其它虫态的综合特征可与该组已知近缘种相区别.正模♀;副模：5♀♀,7 ♂ ♂,21蛹,9幼虫.四川碧峰峡（30°09′N,102°99′E;海拔1 150m）,2003-09-10,黄丽、张春林采.词源：新种种名源自模式标本产地地名.     

湖北省神农架蚋属一新种(双翅目,蚋科)

记述采自神农架自然保护区蚋科昆虫1新种.根据雌虫盾片无斑纹,爪简单,雄虫生殖肢端节具基突,生殖腹板无齿,蛹具3对呼吸丝等特征,新种隶属于蚋属蚋亚属Simulium(Simulium)的块根蚋组tuberosum-group.新种依其雄虫生殖腹板呈亚箭形的特殊性状,雌虫食窦弓具中突及蛹头胸毛多分支呈刷状等综合特征,可与蚋属已知种包括该组的近缘种相区别.正模♀,副模,1♀,1♂,9蛹,4幼虫,均采自神农架山溪急流的石块上.模式标本存放于贵阳医学院生物学教研室.     

四川省蚋属纺蚋亚属一新种记述(双翅目,蚋科)

泸定纺蚋,新种Simulium(Nevermannia)ludingense sp.nov.(Figs.1-17)根据雄虫尾器和蛹呼吸丝特征,新种应隶属于纺蚋亚属的宽足蚋组uernum-group.新种的主要特征是幼虫后腹节具附骨,这一特征在该组见于报告者仅有5种,即产自我国台湾的S.(N.)yushangense、湖南的S.(N.)zhangjiajiense和贵州的S.(N.)qinshuiense、菲律宾的S.(N.)aberrans以及马来西亚的S.(N.)caudisclerum.但新种蛹茧无前背突可与S.(N.)yushangense、S.(N.)qingshuiense、S.(N.)zhangjiajiense和S.(N.)caudisclerum相区别;其雄性生殖腹板呈半圆形以及幼虫上颚缘齿无附齿列可与S.(N.)caudisclerum相区别.正模♀,副模7♀♀,5♂♂,12蛹,5幼虫,2003-09-19,采自泸定县药王庙小溪水草.模式标本存放于贵阳医学院生物学教研室.     

四川山蚋亚属一新种(双翅目,蚋科)

记述采自四川黑水县卡龙沟蚋科1新种,新种与泰山山蚋S.(M.)taishanense、林芝山蚋S.(M.)finzhiense、线丝山蚋s.(M.)nemorivagum和塔吉克山蚋s.(M.)kirgisorum近似,均具简单的蛹茧和12条呼吸丝,排列为2,3,3,4,但可依其蛹呼吸丝具极短的初级茎和次级茎,雄性生殖腹板侧缘具亚中突起等特征加以区别.     

海南岛纺蚋亚属和蚋亚属二新种记述(双翅目,蚋科)

记述海南岛蚋属2新种。琼州纺蚋Simulium(Nev—ermannia) qiongzhouense sp．nov．和天池蚋Simulium(Simulium) tianchi sp．nov．。琼州纺蚋与其近缘种的主要区别是生殖腹板后缘具明显的中突和中骨骨化部末端分叉;天池蚋的主要特征是蛹鳃器基部具坑状器,与其近缘种的主要区别是雌虫足的颜色,雄虫生殖腹板和中骨的形状,蛹腹节7～9背板具栉刺列和幼虫肛鳃每叶分5个副叶。     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Competitive inhibition and selectivity enhancement by Ca in the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, Hf) by carrot (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun)

We investigated the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, and Hf) and the effect of Ca on their uptake in carrots (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun) by the radioactive multitracer technique. The experimental results suggested that Na, Mg, K, and Rb competed for the functional groups outside the cells in roots with Ca but not for the transporter-binding sites on the plasma membrrane of the root cortex cells. In contrast, Y, Ce, Pm, and Gd competed with Ca for the transporters on the plasma membrane. The selectivity, which was defined as the value obtained by dividing the concentration ratio of an elemental pair, K/Na, Rb/Na, Be/Sr, and Mg/Sr, in the presence of 0.2 and 2 ppm Ca by that of the corresponding elemental pair in the absence of Ca in the solution was estimated. The selectivity of K and Rb in roots was increased in the presence of Ca. The selectivity of Be in roots was not affected, whereas the selectivity of Mg was increased by Ca. These observations suggest that the presence of Ca in the uptake solution enhances the selectivity in the uptake of metabolically important elements against unwanted elements.     

Reliability of Analyses of Hg,Fe, Ca,K, P,pH, Alkalinity,Conductivity, Hardness and Colour from Lakes

The aim of this report has been to present results concerning analytical quality controls of Hg analysis of fish and sediment, analyses of Fe, Ca, total-P, K, pH, alkalinity, conductivity, colour and hardness (Ca + Mg) of lake water samples. Despite the fact that these are standard parameters in many regular water control programs, there are major differences in the reliability with which these parameters can be determined. The focus here is on an overall inter-laboratory comparison between the parameters. Six laboratories have been involved in the analysis. Selected results: pH gives the lowest (average) relative standard deviation (error), about 2 %; conductivity gives an error of about 5–7 %; alkalinity yields an average error of as much as 13–25 %, which is the largest among the parameters studied here; colour also gives a high error, 9–15 %; hardness gives a relative standard deviation of about 6–7 %. Of the other parameters (i. e., Hg, Fe, Ca and P), Hg gives the best reliability and Fe and P the lowest. To have knowledge of the reliability of the analytical data is of paramount importance in most control programs and research projects.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.     

Caprine blood groups. 2. The C,G, H,I, J,K, L,N, and Q systems

Nine blood group systems of goats were identified using 12 caprine reagents produced by absorption of alloimmune antisera. The caprine C blood group system, possibly homologous to the ovine C blood group system, was characterized by two reagents and shown to be controlled by three alleles,C ¹²,C ²⁵, andC ⁻. A more complex blood group system of goats, designated G, was identified using three reagents and shown to be controlled by six codominant alleles (G ^10.19.20,G ^10.19,G ^10.20,G ¹⁰,G ¹⁹,G ²⁰) and a recessive allele (G ⁻). A further seven one-factor two-allelic systems were identified by seven reagents. The nine genetic systems provided exclusion probabilities of 0.479, 0.492, 0.548, and 0.572 in Australian Angora, Dairy, Cashmere, and Texan Angora goat breeds, respectively. This work was supported by a grant from the Australian Stud Book, Alison Road, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Australia.