多层螺旋CT对肺结核合并肺癌患者的诊断价值

目的:研究多层螺旋CT对肺结核合并肺癌的鉴别诊断价值。方法:选择2013年3月至2015年9月在我院确诊的肺结核合并肺癌患者32例和单纯肺结核患者39例应用多层螺旋CT扫描患者肺部病变情况。结果:肺结核合并肺癌组:陈旧性肺结核28例、活动性肺结核4例;病灶位置经典部位29例、非经典部位3例,合并鳞癌11例、腺癌13例、小细胞癌5例、未分化癌3例;10例结核病灶与肺癌病灶不同侧、13例结核病灶与肺癌病灶同侧不同叶、9例结核病灶于肺癌病灶同侧同叶。单纯性肺结核组胨旧性肺结核36例、活动性肺结核3例;病灶位置经典部位34例(上叶尖段11例、后段9例、下叶背段14例)、非经典部位5例。肺结核合并肺癌组患者分叶征、毛刺征、胸膜凹陷征、阻塞性肺炎及肺不张以及棘状突起比例高于单纯肺结核组,而空泡影比例低于单纯肺结核组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组钙化、斑片条索影、结节影以及空洞或空腔比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:多层螺旋CT对肺结核合并肺癌具有较高的临床鉴别诊断价值。     

Infertility induced in rats by immunization with synthetic peptide segments of a sperm protein.

Three peptide segments (YAL-198, YAL-201 and YAL-212) corresponding to the extracellular domain of a human sperm protein designated as YWK-II antigen were synthesized as multiple antigen peptide (MAP). Male and female rats were immunized with the YWK-II-MAPs and fertility determined. In a group of 12 female rats immunized with YAL-198, seven animals were infertile and two animals were subfertile. When immunized with YAL-201 and YAL-212, 4 and 2 animals were infertile, respectively. In a group of 15 males immunized with YAL-198, 2 animals were infertile and 6 were subfertile. Two animals immunized with YAL-201 were subfertile. All control male and female rats immunized with bovine serum albumin and adjuvant were fertile. Sera obtained from infertile rats immunized with YAL-198 contained higher titers of antibodies compared to those obtained from fertile animals. The present study shows that immunization with synthetic peptide segments of a sperm protein can effectively reduce fertility.     

Compartmentation of glucose 6-phosphate in hepatocytes.

Rat hepatocytes were incubated with 14C-labelled hexoses, and the specific radioactivities of glucose 6-phosphate, glucose 1-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate were determined. (1) When suspensions of freshly isolated hepatocytes were incubated with [14C]glucose, the specific radioactivities of glucose 1-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate were severalfold higher than that of glucose 6-phosphate. The ratios of the specific radioactivities decreased with time of incubation. These relationships were also found when incubations were carried out with primary cultures of rat hepatocytes or with crude homogenates of hepatocytes, but not with isolated nuclei. (2) When cells were incubated with [14C]fructose, the ratios of the specific radioactivities were higher than with [14C]glucose, and also decreased with time. (3) Paired incubations were carried out with a mixture of galactose and fructose, with one or other sugar being labelled with 14C. The specific radioactivity of glucose released into the medium was greater than that of glucose 6-phosphate when fructose was labelled, but not when galactose was labelled. Furthermore, glucose 6-phosphate and glucose in the medium differed with regard to the distribution of 14C between C-1 and C-6. These results are interpreted as evidence that glucose 6-phosphate in hepatocytes does not exist as a homogeneous pool, but that subcompartments exist which are associated with glucose phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.     

胃复安与雷莫司琼对全麻腹腔镜胆囊摘除术患者呕吐及躁动的影响

目的:探讨胃复安与雷莫司琼对全麻下腹腔镜胆囊摘除术患者术后呕吐及躁动的影响。方法:选取我院收治的全麻下腹腔镜胆囊摘除术者86例,根据术后治疗方法不同,分为两组,其中对照组予以雷莫司琼治疗,实验组在对照组基础上予以胃复安治疗。观察并比较两组患者的临床疗效、呕吐、躁动及不良反应发生情况。结果:与对照组比较,实验组临床疗效明显,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);实验组患者呕吐次数明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);实验组患者躁动明显改善,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);实验组不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:胃复安与雷莫司琼能够有效治疗全麻下腹腔镜胆囊摘除术患者术后呕吐及躁动情况,提高临床疗效。     

色素内镜联合CRP和TRF在青海地区早期食管癌患者的诊断价值

摘要 目的：探讨色素内镜联合C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)和转铁蛋白(Transferrin,TRF)在青海地区早期食管癌患者的诊断价值。方法：2018年6月至2020年3月选择在本院进行食管癌筛查的青海地区患者250例,所有患者都给予色素内镜检查,同时给予血浆CRP和TRF检查并判断诊断价值。结果：在250例患者中,病理诊断为原位癌28例,高级别上皮内瘤变10例,低级别上皮内瘤变12例,慢性炎症200例;其中早期食管癌38例。卢戈液色素内镜显示不染色47例,淡染色95例,浓染色108例。早期食管癌患者的血浆CRP值都高于非早期食管癌患者,TRF值低于(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示早期食管癌与色素内镜卢戈液不染色、CRP、TRF值存在相关性(P<0.05)。色素内镜联合CRP和TRF在青海地区早期食管癌的诊断敏感性与特异性分别为97.4 %和100.0 %。结论：色素内镜联合CRP和TRF在青海地区早期食管癌患者诊断中的应用具有很好的敏感性与特异性,能有效预测早期食管癌发生情况,对早期诊治早期食管癌具有一定的指导意义。     

胃溃疡患者血清多肽类激素及胃粘膜中单胺类神经递质的水平及其临床意义

目的:分析胃溃疡患者血清多肽类激素及单胺类神经递质的水平变化及其临床意义。方法:选取2014年8月-2015年8月在我院经胃镜检查确诊为胃溃疡的患者103例作为研究组,另选取54例健康志愿者作为对照组。检测两组血清中胃动素(MTL)、肾上腺髓质素(AM)、胃肠激素胃泌素(Gas)、生长抑素(SS)及降钙素基因相关肽水平(CGRP),以及胃黏膜中血管活性肠肽(VIP)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、P物质(SP)水平。结果:胃溃疡患者血清Gas,AM及MTL明显高于对照组,而SS及CGRP明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。胃溃疡活动期患者血清Gas,AM及MTL明显高于愈合期及瘢痕期患者,而SS及CGRP低于愈合期及瘢痕期患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);胃溃疡愈合期患者血清Gas,AM及MTL高于瘢痕期患者,而SS及CGRP低于瘢痕期患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。胃溃疡患者胃粘膜内5-HT,SP及NE明显低于对照组,而VIP明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。胃溃疡活动期患者胃粘膜5-HT,SP及NE明显低于愈合期及瘢痕期患者,而VIP明显高于愈合期及瘢痕期患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);胃溃疡愈合期患者胃粘膜5-HT,SP及NE明显低于瘢痕期患者,而VIP明显高于瘢痕期患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:胃溃疡患者血清多肽类激素及胃黏膜中单胺类神经递质的水平变化与疾病进展密切相关,对胃溃疡的诊断及疗效评价具有指导意义。     

奥沙利铂联合参芪扶正注射液对原发性肝癌患者AFP与GP73 水平的影 响及临床疗效

目的:探讨奥沙利铂联合参芪扶正注射液对原发性肝癌患者AFP,GP73及临床疗效的影响。方法:收集我院收治的原发性肝癌患者80例,随机分为对照组和实验组,每组各40例,对照组患者给予奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨化疗,实验组患者在此基础上给予参芪扶正注射液静脉滴注。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清AFP及GP73水平、生活质量以及临床疗效。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者的AFP、GP73水平均下降,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者的AFP、GP73水平较高,生活质量提高率较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),临床治疗总有效率以及总稳定率较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:奥沙利铂联合参芪扶正注射液能够降低原发性肝癌患者AFP,GP73水平,提高患者生活质量,临床疗效较好。     

Cytologic features of endometrial papillary serous carcinoma

Endometrial papillary serous carcinoma (EPSC) is an uncommon variant of endometrial carcinoma that histologically resembles ovarian serous carcinoma and has an aggressive clinical course. The cytomorphologic features of 17 patients with histologically confirmed EPSC of the endometrium were reviewed and compared with those of 20 patients with histologically typical endometrial adenocarcinoma (TEC). Preoperative cervicovaginal Papanicolaou smear results were available from 14 of the 17 patients with EPSC; 10 (71%) were positive, 1 (7%) was suspicious and 3 (21%) were negative for malignancy. Initial cervicovaginal smear results were available from all 20 patients with TEC; 7 (35%) were positive, 4 (20%) were atypical or suspicious and 9 (45%) were negative for malignancy. Twelve patients with EPSC had peritoneal washings or fluids examined; seven were positive and five negative. Twelve patients with TEC had peritoneal washings or fluids examined; two (17%) were positive and ten (83%) were negative. The cervicovaginal smears from patients with EPSC revealed numerous large tumor cells (with prominent nucleoli) frequently arranged in papillary clusters with background necrosis and, in two cases, amorphous material suggestive of psammoma bodies. In contrast, the smears of patients with TEC showed small to medium-sized cells with extensive phagocytosis and many background histiocytes. The diagnosis of EPSC should be considered when the cervicovaginal smear contains numerous papillary groups of large tumor cells with macronucleoli but without prominent phagocytosis, especially when structures suggestive of psammoma bodies are present. The peritoneal fluids in these patients are more often positive than in patients with TEC, a finding consistent with the propensity of EPSC to involve peritoneal surfaces.     

应用RD-PCR技术制备HIV基因芯片探针

利用限制性显示 (RD PCR)技术快速分离HIV 1基因片段制备DNA芯片探针 .以Sau3AⅠ酶切HIV基因 ,得到许多大小适合芯片的限制性酶切片段 .然后在片段两端接上接头 ,根据酶切位点、接头的序列设计通用引物 .在该通用引物的 3′端分别延伸一个碱基后 ,通过引物间的两两组合 ,将PCR反应分成 10个亚组 .纯化各组PCR产物 ,克隆到T载体上 .阳性克隆经鉴定、扩大培养后提取质粒 .以质粒为模板扩增靶片段并进行序列分析 .每个亚型得到了十几个 10 0～ 10 0 0bp的HIV基因片段 .研究表明 ,RD PCR技术是一种有效的快速制备基因芯片探针的方法     

Listeriosis at Vancouver General Hospital, 1965-79.

The records were reviewed of all patients treated at the Vancouver General Hospital over the 15 years from 1965 through 1979 for infections proved by culture to have been caused by Listeria monocytogenes. Although listeriosis is not common in humans, certain groups seem to be susceptible - immunocompromised patients, pregnant women, neonates and the elderly. All these groups were represented among the 22 cases reviewed. There were 17 adults, 3 of whom were pregnant women who had only a mild influenza-like illness. Of the remaining 14 adults 9 were immunocompromised and 5 apparently immunocompetent; 7 presented with meningitis and 7 with bacteremia only. Of the five infants with neonatal listeriosis, two had early-onset disease (bacteremia) and three had the late-onset form (meningitis). Seven patients were treated with penicillin alone, seven with ampicillin alone and eight with penicillin or ampicillin combined with kanamycin, gentamicin or chloramphenicol. There were eight deaths: several were directly attributable to the listeriosis, but in others the severity of the underlying illness was an important factor. Serotypes 1 and 4b were equally common among the 16 specimens of L. monocytogenes that were typed.     

THE TAXONOMY OF THE PSYCHROPHILIC MEAT-SPOILAGE BACTERIA: A REASSESSMENT

SUMMARY: A study was made of selected properties of 189 psychrophilic bacteria isolated from chilled beef and associated sources. Of these, 182 were Gram-negative and 7 were Gram-positive. Of the former, 128 were typical pseudomonads with polar flagella. They were resistant to penicillin and oxidized glucose to acid. There were 52 non-motile Gram-negative bacteria of which 42 were judged to be pseudomonads on the basis of penicillin resistance and the oxidation of glucose to acid. Flagellar characters were associated with the production of green pigment, with the production of acid from lactose and with resistance to several antibiotics.     

缬沙坦联合通心络胶囊对糖尿病心肌病患者血清肌钙蛋白及SOD水平的影响

目的:探讨缬沙坦联合通心络胶囊对糖尿病心肌病患者血清肌钙蛋白,SOD及生活质量的影响。方法:收集我院就诊或住院治疗的60例糖尿病心肌病患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组30例。对照组患者给予缬沙坦口服治疗,实验组患者在此基础上给予通心络治疗。检测并比较两组患者治疗前后血清cTnI、生活质量、SOD、运动耐量的变化情况。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后血清cTnI和生活质量评分均下降,而SOD和运动耐量水平均升高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后血清cTnI和生活质量评分较低,而SOD和运动耐量水平较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:缬沙坦联合通心络胶囊能够降低糖尿病心肌病患者cTnI、生活质量评分,升高其SOD以及运动耐量水平,对临床具有指导意义。     

榄香烯联合GP 化疗方案治疗晚期肺腺癌脑转移的临床观察

目的:观察中药制剂榄香烯联合GP化疗方案治疗晚期肺腺癌脑转移的疗效。方法:选取2009年6月28日至2011年5月30日就诊于我院的晚期肺腺癌脑转移患者34例,将34例晚期肺腺癌脑转移患者随机分为两组(A组和B组),A组:治疗组,17例,并给予患者榄香烯静脉滴注和GP化疗方案;B组:对照组,17例,给予患者GP化疗方案;观察两组疗效和安全性,并记录治疗前后相关的指标变化。结果:2个疗程的化疗结束后,A组:10例患者复查脑核磁发现脑转移瘤较前缩小,病灶部分缓解(P R);6例脑转移瘤病灶稳定(SD);1例疾病进展(PD);B组:5例患者复查脑核磁发现脑转移瘤较前缩小,病灶部分缓解(P R);9例脑转移瘤病灶稳定(SD);3例疾病进展(PD)。结论:采用榄香烯联合GP化疗方案治疗晚期肺腺癌脑转移,能有效地改善患者生活质量,疗效满意。     

重组bFGF滴眼液联合杞菊地黄丸对绝经后干眼症女性血清与泪液中 MMP-2及性激素水平的影响

目的:探讨重组b FGF滴眼液联合杞菊地黄丸对绝经后干眼症女性血清与泪液中MMP-2及性激素水平的影响。方法:收集我院收治的绝经后干眼症女性患者76例,随机分为对照组和实验组,每组38例。对照组患者给予重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子滴眼液治疗,实验组在对照组基础上给予杞菊地黄丸治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清以及泪液中E2、MMP-2水平。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后血清以及泪液中E2水平均升高,而MMP-2水平均下降,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后血清以及泪液中E2水平较高,而MMP-2水平较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:重组b FGF滴眼液联合杞菊地黄丸能够升高绝经后干眼症女性血清与泪液中E2水平,降低MMP-2水平,对临床具有指导意义。     

氯沙坦对慢性肾功能不全患者血红蛋白、电解质及NO水平的影响

目的:探讨氯沙坦对慢性肾脏功能不全患者血红蛋白、电解质及NO水平的影响。方法:收集我院收治的慢性肾功能不全患者140例,根据用药不同分为对照组和实验组,每组各70例,对照组给予洛汀新口服治疗,实验组给予氯沙坦口服治疗。分别于治疗前后检测两组患者血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞压积(HCT)、血钙、血磷、血钾、内皮素(ET)及一氧化氮(NO)的水平。结果:与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后Hb、HCT、血钙及NO水平升高,而血钾、血磷及ET水平降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,实验组患者治疗后Hb、HCT、血钙及NO水平较高,而血钾、血磷及ET水平较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:氯沙坦能够明显升高慢性肾功能不全患者血红蛋白及NO水平,恢复电解质平衡,改善预后,对临床具有指导意义。     

骨化三醇联合补气口服液对慢性肾功能衰竭患者血清瘦素及睾酮水平的影响

目的:探究骨化三醇联合补气口服液对慢性肾功能衰竭患者血清瘦素及睾酮水平的影响。方法:选取我院诊治慢性肾功能衰竭患者116例为研究对象,根据随机数字对照表分为对照组(58例)与试验组(58例)。两组患者均常规给予血管紧张素酶抑制剂或β受体阻滞剂,对照组给予口服骨化三醇胶丸,试验组在对照组的基础上联合给予补气口服液。治疗结束后,比较两组患者肾功能指标、血清瘦素及睾酮水平、营养生化指标。结果:治疗结束后,两组患者血清肌酐(Cr)、血尿素氮(BUN)及瘦素水平均较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),睾酮、血钙水平较治疗前升高(P0.05),血磷水平降低(P0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组血Cr、BUN及瘦素水平较低(P0.05),而血清睾酮、血钙水平较高,血磷水平较低(P0.05)。结论:骨化三醇联合补气口服液能够更有效改善慢性肾功能衰竭患者的肾功能,纠正患者体内电解质紊乱,改善患者食欲不振营养不良症状,推测其与降低血清瘦素水平及升高睾酮水平有关。     

Imparting the diagnosis of life threatening illness in children.

The parents of children with life threatening or terminal illnesses were interviewed about their experiences of the way in which they were told the diagnosis. The interview was piloted on 25 families and then administered in a semistandardised manner to a further 45 families. Parents were asked how satisfied they were with the initial discussion about the diagnosis: 23 families were satisfied with how much information they were given; 22 with the information concerning prognosis; 20 with the pacing of the information; 33 with who was present; 32 with arrangements for follow up; and 26 were satisfied overall with the initial discussion. Clear patterns emerged about which elements of the discussion parents appreciated or resented. For example, they valued an open, sympathetic, direct, and uninterrupted discussion of the diagnosis in private that allowed sufficient time for them to take the news in and for doctors to repeat and clarify information. They disliked evasive or unsympathetic brief interviews. All parents remembered vividly the manner in which the diagnosis was imparted, and some were still preoccupied with this many years later. Analyses were carried out to test the possibility that reports of satisfaction and dissatisfaction were a function of current depression and anxiety, but no evidence was found for this.     

Toxoplasma Gondii: scanning electron microscope studies on the small intestine of infected and uninfected cats

The mucosal surfaces of villi from the small intestine of cats infected with Toxoplasma gondii were studied with the scanning electron microscope and compared with those from uninfected control cats. In uninfected cats villi were predominantly leaf shaped and were lined with ridges; goblet cell openings could be seen. The enterocytes had a hexagonal surface outline and were dome-shaped. Infected cats had both normal and abnormal villi. Injured villi were shortened and attained a broad leaf shape, often with blunt edges. Enterocytes containing oocysts were enlarged, and microvilli were resolvable only on these surfaces. Ruptured cells from which parasite discharge had occurred were seen. Oocysts were observed and possessed a smooth coat.     

顺铂化疗联合氟尿嘧啶对食管癌患者血清CEA水平的影响

目的:探讨顺铂联合氟尿嘧啶化疗对食管癌患者血清癌胚抗原(CEA)及角蛋白19片段(Cyfa21-1)浓度的影响及其临床疗效。方法:选择我院收治的食管癌患者60例,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组30例。对照组患者给予氟尿嘧啶,实验组患者在对照组的基础上联合使用顺铂。比较治疗前后两组患者血清CEA及Cyfa21-1浓度的变化,应用KPS评分表评价两组患者治疗前后的生活质量,并对比分析两组患者治疗后的临床疗效及不良反应。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者血清CEA及Cyfa21-1浓度均较低,KPS评分较高(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者血清CEA及Cyfa21-1浓度较低,KPS评分较高(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者临床有效率较高,不良反应发生率较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:顺铂联合氟尿嘧啶能较单用氟尿嘧啶有效改善食管癌患者的生活质量,提高临床疗效。     

Shifts in the psychophysical function in rats

The primary goal was to compare results from a free-operant procedure with pigeons [Machado, A., Guilhardi, P., 2000. Shifts in the psychometric function and their implications for models of timing. J. Exp. Anal. Behav. 74, 25-54, Experiment 2] with new results obtained with rats. The secondary goal was to compare the results of both experiments with dependent variables that were not used in the original publication. As in the original study with pigeons, rats were trained on a two-alternative free-operant psychophysical procedure in which left lever press responses were reinforced during the first and second quarters of a 60-s trial, and right lever press responses were reinforced during the third and fourth quarters of the trial. The quarters were reinforced according to four independent variable interval (VI) schedules of reinforcement. The VI duration was manipulated in each quarter, and shifts in the psychophysical functions that relate response rate with time since trial onset were measured. The results obtained with rats were consistent with those previously obtained with pigeons. In addition, results not originally reported were also consistent between rats and pigeons, and provided insights into the perception, memory, and decision processes in Scalar Expectancy Theory and Learning-to-Time Theory.