Areas covered: We review the medical literature, discuss MS-based technologies with respect to chemoresistant ovarian cancer and summarize the promising chemoresistant biomarkers identified. In addition, the challenges and future perspectives of biomarker discovery research are explored. With the employment of mass spectrometry-based (MS-based) proteomics, biomarker discovery of ovarian cancer has made great progress in the last decade. Many potential biomarkers were identified by MS-based proteomics technologies, some of which have been validated for further extensive studies in clinical settings.
Expert commentary: The discovery of chemoresistant biomarkers is a newly developing area and may provide a clue for predicting chemotherapeutic response and discover therapeutic targets for paving the way of personalized medicine. Multiple complementary MS-based proteomics approaches hold promise for finding novel therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer treatment. 相似文献
Areas covered: To understand the molecular mechanisms of lung cancer and its subtypes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and others, great efforts have been taken to identify numerous relevant proteins by MS-based clinical proteomic approaches. Since lung cancer is a multifactorial disease that is biologically associated with asthma and COPD among various lung diseases, this study focused on proteomic studies on biomarker discovery using various clinical specimens for lung cancer, COPD, and asthma.
Expert commentary: MS-based exploratory proteomics utilizing clinical specimens, which can incorporate both experimental and bioinformatic analysis of protein-protein interaction and also can adopt proteogenomic approaches, makes it possible to reveal molecular networks that are relevant to a disease subgroup and that could differentiate between drug responders and non-responders, good and poor prognoses, drug resistance, and so on. 相似文献
Objective: Ascertain the utility of measurements of single-strand breaks (SSB) in DNA for assessment of breast cancer risk.
Methods: Fine-needle aspirates of the breast, SSB by nick translation, percent breast density (PBD), Gail model risk, cumulative methylation index (CMI), enzymes of DNA repair and tissue antioxidants.
Results: DNA repair enzymes and 4-hydroxyestradiol were negatively associated with SSB; CMI and PBD were positively associated.
Conclusions: Quantitative measurement of SSBs by this procedure indicates the relative number of SSBs and is related to promoter methylation, antioxidant availability and percent breast density. 相似文献
Objective: To explore protein markers of stress in saliva of eight medical residents who performed emergency medicine simulations.
Materials and methods: Saliva was collected before the simulations, after the simulations, and following morning upon waking. Proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), identified by mass spectrometry (MS), and relatively quantified by densitometry.
Results: Salivary alpha-amylase and S–type cystatins significantly increased, while the ~26?kDa and low-molecular weight (MW) (<10?kDa) SDS-PAGE bands exhibited changes after stress.
Discussion and conclusion: Alpha-amylase and cystatins are potential salivary markers of acute stress, but further validation should be performed using larger sample populations. 相似文献
Objective: This review has focused on the most recent investigations, which has suggested potential epigenetic biomarkers in colorectal cancer.
Methods: Evidences were achieved by searching online medical databases including Google scholar, Pubmed, Scopus and Science Direct.
Results: Extensive studies have indicated that aberrant epigenetic modifications could serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of colorectal cancer.
Conclusion: Advances in aberrant epigenetic modifications can open new avenues for exploration of reliable and robust biomarkers to improve the management of CRC patients. 相似文献
Objective: To establish a panel of protein biomarkers incorporated in a multiplexed microarray (BCa chip) and a classifier for diagnosing recurrent NMIBC.
Materials and methods: Urine samples from 45 patients were tested. Diagnostic performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
Results: A multi biomarker panel (ECadh, IL8, MMP9, EN2, VEGF, past recurrences, BCG therapies and stage at diagnosis) was identified yielding an area under the curve of 0.96.
Discussion and conclusion: This biomarker panel represents a potential diagnostic tool for noninvasive diagnosis of recurrent NMIBC. 相似文献
Areas covered: Summarized are the key immunology findings obtained with MS-based proteomics in the past five years, with a focus on inflammasome activation, global protein secretion, mucosal immunology, immunopeptidome and T cells. Special focus is on extracellular vesicle-mediated protein secretion and its role in immune responses.
Expert commentary: Proteomics is an essential part of modern omics-scale immunology research. To date, MS-based proteomics has been used in immunology to study protein expression levels, their subcellular localization, secretion, post-translational modifications, and interactions in immune cells upon activation by different stimuli. These studies have made major contributions to understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in innate and adaptive immune responses. New developments in proteomics offer constantly novel possibilities for exploring the immune system. Examples of these techniques include mass cytometry and different MS-based imaging approaches which can be widely used in immunology. 相似文献
Methods: We present the development and characterization of mass spectrometric immunoassay (MSIA) for quantitative determination of serum amyloid A (SAA) proteoforms.
Results: Intra- and inter-day precision revealed CVs <10%. Against existing SAA ELISA, the developed MSIA showed good correlation according to the Altman–Bland plot. Individual concentrations of the SAA proteoforms across a cohort of 170 samples revealed 7 diverse SAA polymorphic types and 12 different proteoforms.
Conclusion: The new SAA MSIA enables parallel analysis of SAA polymorphisms and quantification of all expressed SAA proteoforms, in a high-throughput and time-efficient manner. 相似文献
Objective: To create panel of antigens that can differentiate breast cancer patients and healthy individuals.
Methods: SEREX (serological analysis of cDNA expression libraries) method, ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction).
Results: In large-scale screening of 16 SEREX-antigens by sera of breast cancer patients and healthy donors, a combination of six antigens (RAD50, PARD3, SPP1, SAP30BP, NY-BR-62 and NY-CO-58) was identified, which can differentiate breast cancer patients and healthy donors with 70% sensitivity and 91% specificity. Elevated mRNA expression of SPP1 gene was revealed in breast tumors (2–7-fold) that correlated with SPP1 antigen immunoreactivity in autologous patients’ sera.
Conclusions: The new panel of six SEREX-antigens was proposed, which enables creation of serological assay for breast cancer diagnostics and/or prognosis. 相似文献
Objective: The aim of this paper is the discovery of new non-invasive biomarker for the monitoring of VHLD patients.
Materials and methods: We compared the urinary proteome of VHLD patients, ccRCC patients and healthy volunteers.
Results: Among all differentially expressed proteins, alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) and APOH (beta-2-glycoprotein-1) are strongly over-abundant only in the urine of VHLD patients with a history of ccRCC.
Discussion and conclusion: A1AT and APOH could be promising non-invasive biomarkers. 相似文献
Materials and methods: Cases and controls (68 each) were matched for sex, age and radon exposure. Chromosomal damage was quantified as frequency of micronucleus-containing cells and proportion of centromere-free micronuclei.
Results: Individuals not reporting cancer in their families showed lower values of both the frequency of micronucleus-containing cells (n.s.) and the proportion of centromere-free micronuclei (p?<?0.05) in some subgroups, but not in all.
Conclusion: The chromosomal damage observed may be due to inheritable genomic instability, but environmental influences cannot be excluded. 相似文献
Objective: To assess oral riboflavin is an adherence marker.
Methods: Riboflavin was incorporated into active treatment and placebo pills for a clinical trial lasting for 2 years.
Results: The accuracy (area under the receiver operating curve) of urinary riboflavin was 0.91 as a binary classifier of adherence, and was similar or better than for two active study ingredients daidzein (0.92) and genistein (0.87) (all p?<?0.0001). Decreased adherence over time was similar in the two study groups.
Conclusion: Riboflavin is an accurate and useful biomarker for study pill ingestion. 相似文献
Objective: To evaluate circulatory apoptotic markers and oxidative stress in patients with PCOS.
Materials and methods: Forty-four women with PCOS, and 44 healthy women as controls were enrolled in the study. Oxidative stress parameters and caspases levels were measured in serum.
Results: The caspase 9 level was significantly lower and related with oxidant status in patients with PCOS, while the circulating levels of caspases 3 and 7 were statistically similar in both groups.
Discussion: This study is the first report demonstrating the circulating levels of apoptotic markers and their relationship with oxidant status in PCOS.
Conclusion: The circulating caspase 9 and oxidant status might contribute to apoptotic dysregulation in PCOS. 相似文献
Areas covered: This review describes recent developments in MS-based biotherapeutic analysis including sequence determination, post-translational modifications (PTMs) and higher order structure (HOS) analysis along with improvements in ionization and dissociation methods. An outlook of emerging applications of MS in the lifecycle of product development such as comparability, biosimilarity and quality control practices is also presented.
Expert commentary: MS-based methods have established their utility in the analysis of new biotechnology products and their lifecycle appropriate implementation. In the future, MS will likely continue to grow as one of the leading protein identification and characterization techniques in the biopharmaceutical industry landscape. 相似文献
Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the association between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) – a source of oxidative stress – and CML.
Materials and methods: About 1002 participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) were studied.
Results: Women with SDB had significantly higher CML concentration compared with those without SDB (OR?=?1.63, 95%CI?=?1.03–2.58, p?=?0.04). The association was not significant among men.
Discussion: SDB was associated with CML concentration among elderly women but not men in the Cardiovascular Health Study.
Conclusion: Accumulation of CML may be an adverse health consequence of SDB 相似文献
Areas covered: We review candidate glycoprotein biomarkers, including their aberrant glycosylation discovered by MS-based proteomics techniques and their diagnostic strategies using human blood samples. Finally, we discuss the limitations and prospects of MS-based approaches for clinical applications.
Expert commentary: The development of biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity is essential for optimizing the management of HCC. Various glycoprotein biomarkers of HCC have been identified using MS-based techniques. MS-based assays will continue to play an important role in clinical applications for discovery and verification of biomarkers. Furthermore, combination of multibiomarker, improvements in sample enrichment and the development of highly sensitive MS methods will facilitate more rapid adoption of MS for the diagnosis of HCC. 相似文献
Objective: To evaluate H19 RNA in urine cells as diagnostic tool for UC.
Materials and methods: RT-PCR analysis of urine samples from healthy volunteers and UC patients.
Results: H19 RNA was unequivocally detected in the urine of 90.5% of patients and 25.9% of controls. H19 copies were three orders of magnitude higher in patients. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.933.
Conclusions: This pilot study shows that urinary cell H19 is a highly sensitive test for UC and pending verification could transform patient management. 相似文献
Objective: To evaluate the risk of pneumonia-induced sepsis by examining its linkage with polymorphisms of IL-6 and IL-10.
Materials and methods: Samples were obtained from 188 pneumonia-induced sepsis patients, 162 pneumonia patients and 200 healthy controls.
Results: Subjects with IL-10 -1082 AA genotypes and IL-6 -174?CC genotype had a higher risk of sepsis and increased mRNA levels.
Conclusion: The variants of IL-10 -1082 A allele and IL-6 -174 C allele contributed to an increased risk of pneumonia-induced sepsis. 相似文献
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between sCD40l and survival, CVE and mortality in HD patients on long-term follow-up.
Methods: We registered 46?HD patients’ baseline characteristics, mortality and CVE for 108 months.
Results: SCD40l correlated positively with C-reactive protein, was higher in survivors, but had no impact on survival and was not predictive for CVE or CV mortality.
Conclusion: The levels of sCD40l have no influence on survival or CVE and mortality in HD patients in a long-term follow-up. 相似文献