静脉注射吸毒人群HIV／AIDS数学模型分析

建立了四川省西昌市静脉注射吸毒人群HIV／AIDS传播的数学模型,给出了模型的理论分析和数值模拟结果．通过必要的分析,给出了各类平衡点的存在性和稳定性,系统的一致持续生存,以及基本再生数的数学表达式和具体取值．揭示了该静注人群中的HIV／AIDS有进一步蔓延的趋势,但如果采取适当的干预措施,该静注人群中HIV／AIDS流行可得到有效的控制．     

一类总人口在变化的HIV/AIDS传播的动力学模型

建立了HIV/AIDS传播的具有常数移民和指数出生的SI型模型,其中易感人群按照有无不良行为被分为两组.分别对具双线性传染率和具标准传染率的模型讨论了其无病平衡点和地方病平衡点的存在性,并就某些重要的特殊情况进行了平衡点和稳定性的分析.     

HIV/AIDS的细胞治疗

获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）是由人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染引起的危险性极高的慢性传染病。高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）能够阻断正在进行的病毒复制而不能清除潜伏的病毒,目前尚无有效根治AIDS方法。免疫细胞在HIV/AIDS发展过程的不同阶段发挥着十分复杂的作用。细胞治疗是通过筛选表达抗HIV基因型的细胞或转染抗HIV基因、受体基因等方法获得抗HIV免疫细胞,并在体外进行扩增,将其转输给HIV/AIDS患者。细胞疗法与HAART等疗法有协同作用,促进HIV/AIDS的治疗。本文综述抗HIV-CAR T细胞、aTCR T细胞、负载HIV抗原的树突状细胞等在HIV/AIDS治疗中的应用及其疗效。     

HIV/AIDS患者CD4水平对甲状腺功能影响的比较研究

目的观察HIV/AIDS患者甲状腺功能的变化,了解HIV对内分泌的影响。方法检测168例HIV/AIDS患者TT4、TT3、FT4、FT3、TSH,并分析不同CD4水平对甲状腺功能影响。结果HIV/AIDS患者甲状腺功能可保持正常,但低CD4组的FT3、TSH水平低于高CD4组。结论HIV/AIDS患者甲状腺功能可保持正常,但HIV感染不同阶段会对内分泌系统有一定影响。HIV感染对甲状腺影响的具体机制尚不十分清楚,利用动物模型进行进一步研究非常必要。     

HIV感染者/AIDS病人高迁移率族蛋白1的表达及其临床意义

通过检测74例处于不同病期的HIV感染者/AIDS患者和10例健康对照者PBMCs中HMGB1 mRNA的表达水平及其外周血浆HMGB1、TNF-a和IL-2水平,比较各组之间表达水平的差异及其与CD4＋T淋巴细胞的关系.发现HMGB1 mRNA的表达水平及血浆HMGB1含量在AIDS病人组明显高于感染者组和正常对照组（P〈0.05）;AIDS患者经HAART治疗后疗效差组HMGB1 mRNA的表达水平及血浆HMGB1含量也明显高于疗效好组（P〈0.05）;而经HAART治疗后效果好且免疫功能恢复的患者HMGB1 mRNA的表达及血浆HMGB1含量均较治疗前明显下降（P〈0.05）;当CD4＋T细胞数低于200/μL时,血浆HMGB1含量以及PBMCs中HMGB1 mRNA表达水平与CD4＋T细胞数呈负相关.显示HMGB1在HIV/AIDS发病及病情进展过程中可能起重要作用,HMGB1血浆含量及PBMCs中HMGB1 mRNA的表达水平高低与HIV/AIDS患者病情轻重密切相关.     

接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的 HIV/AIDS患者血浆IL 35及其受体水平的动态变化

目的 检测接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)患者血浆中白介素(IL) 35及其受体IL12rβ2、糖蛋白130(gp130)水平的动态变化及意义。 方法 选择我院2017年1月至2018年3月收治的41例HIV感染者/AIDS患者为研究对象,选择45例同期健康体检者为对照组。分别采集HIV/AIDS患者接受HAART药物0、1、6、12个月时的外周静脉血,检测血浆中的IL 35及其受体IL12rβ2、gp130水平,同时检测血浆HIV 1 RNA载量,分析IL 35与IL12rβ2、gp130、HIV 1 RNA以及IL12rβ2、gp130与HIV 1 RNA病毒载量的相关性。 结果 与对照组相比,接受HAART(0、1、6个月)时患者血浆中IL 35、IL12rβ2、gp130水平降低(均P结论 接受HAART的HIV/AIDS患者血浆IL 35及其受体IL12rβ2、gp130水平随着接受HAART时间的延长而逐渐升高,且与HIV 1 RNA载量关系密切。血浆IL 35及其受体IL12rβ2、gp130在抗HIV感染中可能发挥一定作用。     

52例HIV／AIDS患者口腔念珠菌病的临床表型及病原学鉴定

目的：口腔念珠菌病（ oral candidiasis,OC）是HIV／AIDS患者中最常见的口腔疾病,研究其临床表型及病原学特点对AIDS相关性口腔念珠菌病的诊断和临床用药有重要的指导意义。方法将70例确诊为HIV／AIDS且初步诊断为AIDS相关性口腔念珠菌病患者使用棉拭子在其病损区取材,接种至科玛嘉念珠菌显色培养基检验。结果 HIV／AIDS患者念珠菌感染的病例为52例,临床表型以假膜型和红斑型为主,其中假膜型最为常见（56％）。 HIV／AIDS患者口腔念珠菌病各致病病原菌以白念珠菌的检出率最高（60．32％）,热带念珠菌次之（19．05％）,光滑念珠菌为（12．70％）,克柔念珠菌（7．94％）。有9例HIV／AIDS伴口腔念珠菌病患者,检测出病原菌的混合感染,其中2例为3种病原菌感染。结论 HIV／AIDS患者口腔念珠菌病临床表型复杂且可以伴发,单纯通过临床表现鉴别诊断常不准确,且病原菌的准确分型可以指导临床用药,降低耐药菌的产生。     

CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ 调节性T 细胞与黑龙江省HIV/AIDS 患者病情相关性的研究

目的:比较黑龙江省HIV/AIDS患者与健康对照者(healthy controls,HCs)外周血CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞数量、免疫抑制功能的变化,探讨CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞在HIV/AIDS感染过程中的作用。方法:采用流式细胞仪检测21例HIV/AIDS患者及20例健康对照组的外周血CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞数量的百分比及绝对数量;采用共同培养方法检测HIV/AIDS患者外周血CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞免疫抑制功能的变化;实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-FQ-PCR)检测HIV/AIDS患者外周血CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞中FoxP3mRNA的表达。结果:黑龙江省HIV/AIDS患者外周血CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞比率明显高于HCs(P<0.01),而CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞的绝对计数显著下降,且与CD4+T细胞绝对计数成反比;混合淋巴细胞共同培养结果显示,HIV/AIDS患者外周血CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞的抑制功能无明显变化;HIV/AIDS患者外周血CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞的FoxP3 mRNA相对表达量无显著变化。结论:黑龙江省HIV/AIDS患者CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞的数量变化与病情相关。     

收入增长对城乡居民消费差异化的影响分析—基于拓展LA/AIDS模型

将我国城乡居民收入增长因素引入到 LA/ AIDS模型中,实证检验了消费结构受收入增长影响的显著性水平,并进一步对比消费支出弹性系数和收入增长差异,考察居民收入增长对其消费结构影响的内在作用机制并探索如何采取相应措施控制城乡居民收入增长差距来缩小消费的差距。结果表明：首先,我国各地区城乡居民在消费结构和消费形式上趋于一致;其次,加快农村居民收入增长、控制城乡居民收入差距有助于降低衣着、居住、生活用品、医疗保健和其他类商品的消费差距,而保持农村居民收入增长、缩小城乡居民收入差距有助于降低食品、交通通信、教育文化娱乐的消费差距;最后,收入增长对城乡居民消费差异化的影响具有区域性的特点。     

Injection drug use and HIV/AIDS transmission in China

After nearly three decades of being virtually drug free, use of heroin and other illicit drugs has re-emerged in China as a major public health problem. One result is that drug abuse, particularly heroin injection, has come to play a predominant role in fueling China＇s AIDS epidemic. The first outbreak of HIV among China＇s IDUs was reported in the border area of Yunnan province between China and Myanmar where drug trafficking is heavy. Since then drug-related HIV has spread to all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. This paper provides an overview to HIV/AIDS transmission through injection drug use in China. It begins with a brief history of the illicit drug trade in China, followed by a discussion of the emergence of drug related AIDS, and a profile of drug users and their sexual partners who have contracted the virus or who are vulnerable to infection. It ends by summarizing three national strategies being used by China to address both drug use and AIDS as major health threats.     

Injection drug use and HIV/AIDS transmission in China

INTRODUCTION Although sexual transmission accounts for most of the AIDS epidemic globally, HIV/AIDS among injecting drug users (IDUs) is a growing problem worldwide. First de- tected in China in 1989 among drug abusers on the Yunnan border, HIV/AIDS subse…     

Injection drug use and HIV/AIDS transmission in China

After nearly three decades of being virtually drug free, use of heroin and other illicit drugs has re-emerged in China as a major public health problem. One result is that drug abuse, particularly heroin injection, has come to play a predominant role in fueling China‘s AIDS epidemic. The first outbreak of HIV among China‘s IDUs was reported in the border area of Yunnan province between China and Myanmar where drug trafficking is heavy. Since then drug-related HIV has spread to all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. This paper provides an overview to HIV/AIDS transmission through injection drug use in China. It begins with a brief history of the illicit drug trade in China, followed by a discussion of the emergence of drug related AIDS, and a profile of drug users and their sexual partners who have contracted the virus or who are vulnerable to infection. It ends by summarizing three national strategies being used by China to address both drug use and AIDS as major health threats.     

MSM and HIV/AIDS in China

This article profiles current status of spread and control of HIV/AIDS in China. China has a significant population of MSM （men who have sex with men） and they have been becoming very much alive in many ways since 1990s due to recent social changes. Some surveys indicate that great many of MSM are engaged in high-risk behaviors. In addition, majority of MSM have also experienced sexual encounters with women sometimes in their lives, which possibly contribute to spread of HIV to women. Some reports documented that HIV is becoming rampant among MSM since more than 1% of them are now infected. Political, cultural and custom elements could hinder intervention activities against HIV spread among MSM. Fortunately, many cities in China have seen that MSM were in cooperation with responsible institutions carrying out certain intervention measures. The general situation is promising. The authors forecast that the fast HIV spread among MSM of China could possibly be halted within several years when the authorities become more sensible to this issue, health service institutions offer unswerving efforts toward the MSM community and those who involve in MSM undertakes necessary responsibilities.     

MSM and HIV/AIDS in China

INTRODUCTION The term MSM (men who have sex with men) was introduced into mainland China in 2000. Homosexuals, without identifying gender, were used previously to de- scribe MSM by authorities, the public and even professionals. The first confirmed MSM ca…     

Chinese NGOs in action against HIV/AIDS

Chinese nongovernmental organizations （NGOs） have played a significant role in the battle against AIDS in the People＇s Republic of China. This article provides a brief overview of the structure of these organizations, as well as an analysis of their principle accomplishments. Of great significance in this analysis is the fact that Chinese NGOs have effectively dealt with many sensitive health education areas that government authorities have felt reluctant to handle directly. As such, they have provided an indispensable component in the HIV/AIDS prevention and control calculus on the mainland.     

Chinese NGOs in action against HIV/AIDS

Chinese nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have played a significant role in the battle against AIDS in the People‘s Republic of China. This article provides a brief overview of the structure of these organizations, as well as an analysis of their principle accomplishments. Of great significance in this analysis is the fact that Chinese NGOs have effectively dealt with many sensitive health education areas that government authorities have felt reluctant to handle directly. As such, they have provided an indispensable component in the HIV/AIDS prevention and control calculus on the mainland.     

Chinese NGOs in action against HIV/AIDS

INTRODUCTION The AIDS epidemic continues its seemingly inexorable spread throughout the world. It is now very clear that the virus represents not only a medical problem, but also a challenging and multifaceted social problem. Because of this fact, it is imperative that nongovernmental organiza- tions outside of, or tangential to, the medical arena be- come involved in prevention and control efforts. The Chinese government is supportive of the development of such organizations on the mai…