肝素钠在PICC导管回血堵管再通的应用

目的观察肝素钠在PICC导管回血堵管再通的效果。方法对10例PICC导管体外段凝血的完全堵管患者应用注射器负压吸引肝素钠再通处理。结果 10例患者导管均完全通畅。结论 PICC导管发生回血堵管采用注射器负压吸引肝素钠再通的方法简便,再通效率高,效果良好。     

栀子提取物ZG对单纯疱疹病毒1型细胞吸附的影响

采用负染技术,借助高倍电子显微镜观察栀子提取物ZG作用后,病毒颗粒及其病毒吸附蛋白(virus attach-ment protein,VAP)的变化,考察药物是否直接改变或破坏病毒包膜蛋白的结构,使其失去感染性;采用异硫氰酸荧光素(fluorescein isothiocyanate,FITC)标记病毒,以肝素钠为参照,借助冷却慢扫描电荷耦合器件荧光成象技术,用Aquacomos软件进行图象分析,以探讨栀子提取物ZG不同加药方式对HSV-1吸附量的影响。结果表明栀子提取物ZG对HSV-1包膜表面的VAP无直接破坏作用,不影响病毒对Hep-2细胞的感染性;先加入肝素钠再进行病毒吸附及肝素钠病毒同时加入培养细胞这两种用药方式可明显减少细胞表面病毒的吸附量;栀子提取物ZG各种不同加药方式均能阻止HSV-1对Hep-2细胞表面的吸附,使病毒吸附量减少。     

甘蔗品种主要性状的基因型与环境及其互作效应分析

用AMMI模型双标图对国家第六轮甘蔗品种区域试验5个试点的12个甘蔗品种试验数据进行分析,研究甘蔗区试中不同品种的产量稳定性问题。结果表明,参试品种的6个产量性状在品种间和地点间差异显著,品种与地点的互作效应差异显著;FN30、YG16蔗茎产量和含糖量高,稳定性强,属于高产、稳产性较好的品种。AMMI模型很好地解释了甘蔗品种产量性状的基因型效应、环境效应和GE互作效应。     

Logistic回归分析在厚颌鲂生活史类型研究中的应用

以34种中国淡水鱼类和近海鱼类的生态参数为基础,建立logistic回归模型.利用该模型研究长江上游龙溪河厚颌鲂的生活史类型,然后用平衡产量模型进行验证,并探讨合理开发龙溪河厚颌鲂种群资源的渔业管理措施.结果 表明:logistic回归模型估算出厚颌鲂属于k选择鱼类的概率为13%,判别标准为29%,因此厚颌鲂应该属于r选择鱼类;Beverton-Holt产量模型分析结果显示厚颌鲂平衡产量曲线与典型的r选择鱼类尖头塘鳢极为类似;捕捞死亡系数和起捕年龄的变化对产量曲线有显著影响,因此限制捕捞量和网目大小是控制过度捕捞,合理开发和保护种群资源的有效措施.     

江苏省冬小麦湿渍害的风险区划

选取能较好反映冬小麦春季湿渍害特征的3个气象因子:旬降雨量、旬日照时数和旬雨日,计算了江苏省1960—2008期间历年3—5月这3个因子的逐旬统计值,分析了这些因子与冬小麦气候产量的关系,研究结果表明:(1)春季旬降雨量、旬雨日和旬日照时数对江苏省冬小麦气候产量有显著影响;(2)通径分析显示,旬降雨量和旬日照对气候产量有直接影响,而旬雨日对气候产量有间接影响;(3)构建了一个湿渍害判别指数Q用来判别湿渍害发生年份,并结合江苏省各地湿渍害年发生频率和冬小麦气候减产率,建立了冬小麦湿渍害风险指数模型;(4)利用所建风险指数模型对江苏省冬小麦的湿渍害风险进行了区划和评估,并提出了各风险区的防御对策。     

冬小麦单产的光谱数据估测模型研究

 本文在分析冬小麦群体经济产量与叶面积系数关系的基础上,以地面实测冬小麦反射光谱数据为依据,提出了一种新的动态VI-产量模型,即LAD-产量模型。该模型具有冬小麦生育后期(抽穗一灌浆末期)光合面积和光合时间等信息,其冬小麦单位面积产量(简称单产)估测精度为98%。另外,本文根据常用的某一特定生育期VI-产量模型,用冬小麦各生育期的VI值分别估测小麦单产,确定山东省禹城市冬小麦的灌浆中期为最佳估产时间。此时期．小麦单产估测精度为96%。     

再生稻褐飞虱为害损失测定和防治指标的研究

在福建,褐飞虱是再生稻的重要害虫,中进行了再生稻褐飞虱为害损失的测定,并对褐飞虱为害再生稻造成的产量损失结构进行了通径分析。根据虫量和产量损失的关系,结合现行稻谷价格,产量水平,防治费用等因素。确定允许为害损失率,同时建立了再生稻褐飞虱防治指标模型,按照防治指标模型,制定出不同产量水平的防治指标。     

武汉东湖鱼产量时间序列模型及回归分析

随着城市人口的增长和经济的快速发展,武汉东湖的水体富营养化日益严重。80年代以来,东湖通过实施滤食性鱼类治理水华取得了一定成效。利用统计学软件SPSS,应用时间序列模型和回归分析对东湖44年鱼产量数据进行运算,对东湖鱼产量变化进行了分析和预测:东湖最高鱼产量在1700～1850t之间,比较合理的鱼产量应维持在1150t左右。     

运用双重组合设计建立黑龙江省玉米降水产量模型

本文运用旋转设计进一步发展的双重组合试验设计,建立黑龙江省关于降水、有机质、氮、磷、钾肥及有机肥的玉米产量模型,探讨了双重组合试验设计在建模时用可控因素去挂接不可控因素的应用,对模型进行了检验和频数分析,提出玉米产量大子3000公斤的高产在艺措施．     

亚洲棉纤维品质和产量性状的主基因与多基因遗传分析

利用亚洲棉农家品种中长纤维、高强度的江陵中棉和短纤维、低强度的浙江萧山绿树构建的F2：3家系,利用主基因与多基因混合遗传模型分析方法,对主要纤维品质和产量性状进行4世代联合分析,得到有关纤维品质和产量性状的最适遗传模型。除伸长率之外,长度、马克隆值、比强度、整齐度、短纤维指数均没有检测到主基因;产量性状中铃重和单株铃数最适遗传模型为两对加性-显性-上位性主基因＋加性-显性多基因混合遗传模型（E-1）,衣分的最适遗传模型为两对主基因的加性模型（B-3）,子指的最适遗传模型为无主基因的加性-显性-上位性多基因模型（C）,单株皮棉产量的最适遗传模型为两对加性-显性-上位性主基因＋加性-显性一上位性多基因混合遗传模型（E）。利用主基因与多基因混合遗传模型分析方法对亚洲棉纤维品质和产量性状进行遗传分析,有助于阐明棉花品质和产量性状的遗传规律。     

Ion binding or condensation to polyelectrolytes?: A detailed comparison,on the example of sodium heparinate

A modified Poisson-Boltzmann treatment is applied to aqueous solutions of sodium heparinate, in the presence of added salts (NaCl, LiCl, KCl, CaCl2). The results show that 23Na-NMR line widths for the counterions are determined nearly exclusively by Na+ in the immediate vicinity of the linear polyelectrolyte. Hence, two-state treatments, despite their crude character, can reproduce such experimental data rather well.     

Action of heparin on protein fractions of isolated nuclei and on their DNA content.

Isolated nuclei of rat hepatocytes were incubated with 0.05% sodium heparinate for 2 to 10 min. Alterations in the nuclei were controlled biochemically, determining the amounts of DNA and histones, and by cytophotometric methods determining the amounts of total and nonhistone proteins and DNA. Under the selected experimental conditions 95% of histones are bound already after 5-min incubation with heparin; nonhistone proteins of cell nuclei remain unchanged. The blockade of histones is followed by DNA diffusion into the incubation medium. Experiments with nuclear staining with alcian blue proved the specificity of heparin binding with histones and showed that heparin-histone complex remains in the nuclei, and its histones lose their extractability with 0.25 n HCl.     

Action of heparin on protein fractions of isolated nuclei and on their DNA content

Summary Isolated nuclei of rat hepatocytes were incubated with 0.05% sodium heparinate for 2 to 10 min. Alterations in the nuclei were controlled biochemically, determining the amounts of DNA and histones, and by cytophotometric methods determining the amounts of total and nonhistone proteins and DNA. Under the selected experimental conditions 95% of histones are bound already after 5-min incubation with heparin; nonhistone proteins of cell nuclei remain unchanged. The blockade of histones is followed by DNA diffusion into the incubation medium. Experiments with nuclear staining with alcian blue proved the specificity of heparin binding with histones and showed that heparin-histone complex remains in the nuclei, and its histones lose their extractability with 0.25 n HCl.     

一类灰色项时间序列模型及其应用

利用灰色系统理论与时间序列分析,提出了带灰色项的时间序列模型,对这类模型进行了分析,给出了建模与预报方法,并将其应用于我国农业产值问题的预报与研究之中,模型的正确性得到了检验．     

Separate hemodynamic roles for chloride and sodium in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertension

It has been reported that both sodium and chloride ions must be ingested to induce the elevated blood pressure of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt-sensitive hypertension. This study was designed to determine the separate roles of the sodium and chloride ions in the altered hemodynamics underlying the high blood pressure. DOCA pellets (75 mg) were implanted in uninephrectomized rats and the animals were then fed one of four diets: (i) high sodium chloride, (ii) high sodium-low chloride, (iii) high chloride-low sodium, or (iv) low sodium chloride. Blood pressures were measured weekly by tail-cuff plethysmography for 5 weeks and the animals were then subjected to a terminal experiment to measure cardiac output by thermodilution technique, renal blood flow by electromagnetic flow probe, and direct arterial pressure. Blood pressure in the DOCA-high NaCl group was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) compared with that of the DOCA-low NaCl group (160 +/- 3 mm Hg vs 124 +/- 2 mm Hg, respectively) at 5 weeks after treatment; all other groups were not significantly different from the DOCA-low NaCl group. Cardiac output was significantly greater in DOCA-treated rats consuming diets high in sodium (44 +/- 2 ml/min/100 g) or sodium chloride (40 +/- 2 ml/min/100 g) compared with animals consuming low sodium chloride (31 +/- 2 ml/min/100 g; P less than 0.01 for each comparison). Direct intraarterial blood pressure and renal blood flow were used to calculate renal vascular resistance. Renal vascular resistance was increased in those DOCA-treated rats consuming diets high in chloride (42 +/- 3 mm Hg/ml/min/100 g) and high sodium chloride (54 +/- 3 mm Hg/ml/min/100 g) compared with rats consuming low sodium chloride (30 +/- 3 mm Hg/ml/min/100 g; P less than 0.01 for each). It appears that elevations in cardiac output are associated with increased dietary sodium and act in synergy with the elevations in renal vascular resistance associated with increased dietary chloride. Increases in both cardiac output and renal vascular resistance are involved in the maintenance of elevated blood pressure in the DOCA-salt-sensitive model of hypertension.     

心阻抗图的弹性腔-边值问题理论模型

分析了造成Ｎｙｂｏｅｒ－Ｋｕｂｉｃｅｋ公式与用其它较可靠的方法测得的每搏心排量相差较大的五个主要原因,并针对其中前三个原因,修改了原有的物理模型,用弹性腔模型及解边值问题的方法得出了一种心阻抗图的新理论模型;最后对此新理论模型作了初步的讨论     

Parametric sensitivity in modeling of anaerobic digestion

Summary A mathematical model for the anaerobic digestion process was analyzed by the parametric sensitivity method to determine the influence of individual model parameters on the selected output variables. The relative parametric sensitivity value indicated the most influential parameters in the process being yield coefficients and rate constants.     

中国大陆省际生态-经济效率的时空格局及其驱动因素

在参考和借鉴有关生态系统服务价值理论研究成果的基础上,提出生态-经济产出效率概念及其内涵、表征方法,结合有关统计数据计算了2001—2013年中国大陆31省区生态-经济产出效率并就其时空分布及重心移动方向、移动距离等进行分析,在此基础上应用探索性空间数据分析方法及偏最小二乘回归模型对其空间集聚特征和驱动因素进行实证分析。研究结果表明:考察时段内中国大陆省际生态-经济产出效率自西向东依次提高的三级梯度分布格局趋于形成;省区之间生态-经济产出效率具有全局空间依赖性和空间正相关特征,显著高-高集聚和显著低-高集聚表现相对稳定、高-低集聚区的生态效率溢出效应促使显著低-低集聚区逐步消失;人均国民生产总值、单位面积内的道路交通里程数、科研资金投入占GDP的比重等三因素显著驱动了中国大陆省际生态-经济产出效率溢出,但东、中、西部地区的制约因素不尽相同。     

京津冀地区水源涵养价值流动分析及生态补偿额度

科学测算生态补偿额度是推进生态补偿落实、实现区际经济与生态保护协调发展的重要基础。以京津冀为研究区,应用InVEST模型及影子工程法定量测算2005年、2010年和2018年的区域水源涵养服务价值量,利用生态系统服务供需比识别水源涵养价值输出区,运用断裂点公式和场强模型分析价值流动的时空特征,并基于价值转移量和地理探测器探测的主导因子构建水源涵养生态补偿模型,计算了京津冀各县（区）的水源涵养服务补偿额度。结果表明：（1）2005年、2010年和2018年京津冀地区水源涵养服务价值分别为19.4×10⁸元、40.2×10⁸元和47.8×10⁸元,林地对水源涵养价值增加起着至关重要的作用。（2）各流域内水源涵养服务价值输出区主要分布在太行山脉、燕山山脉和坝上高原地区,且输出区数量呈增加态势。（3）2005年、2010年和2018年各流域水源涵养流入到消费区的价值的高值区变化较大,主要发生在滦河山区、北三河山区、大清河山区和永定河册田水库至三家店区4个流域内,低值区的分布则变化较小;但受森林覆盖率、水系以及地形的影响,水源涵养服务价值转移量总体呈增加趋势。（4）基于水源涵养生态补偿模型,得到京、津、冀三地支付金额比例为2.04：1.61：1,各县（区）需支付补偿金额在0-340.95万元;而京、津、冀三地受偿金额比例为1：0：1.87,各输出区的受偿金额则在0-545.75万元之间。     

A Substrate for Direct Measurement of L-iduronic Acid 2-sulfate sulfatase

Commercially available sodium heparinate has been sequentially treated with methanolic 0.06M hydrogen chloride and nitrous acid. The nondegraded material was separated by gel filtration from the nonsulfated and monosulfated disaccharides produced. The latter ones, obtained in 10% yield, have been used as a substrate for the direct measurement of the enzyme L-iduronic acid 2-sulfate sulfatase present in human plasma and fibroblast homogenates. Studies of the kinetics and pH optimum of the enzyme, by use of plasma of a patient with mucolipidosis II, indicated an apparent K_m of 2.5mM and a pH optimum of 4.6-4.8. The levels of activity in normal plasma and plasma of a patient with Hunter's disease were found to be 20.4 ± 1.22 units (μmol sulfate/24 h/g protein) and 3.25 ± 0.35 units, respectively. In homogenates of cultured skin fibroblasts, the levels were 137.6 ± 10.7 units for normal controls and 6.4 ± 5.1 for patients with Hunter's disease. The plasma of two obligated heterozygotes gave intermediate levels of activity, whereas the plasma of two possible heterozygotes gave either intermediate levels or entirely normal levels of activity.