DEVELOPMENT AND NUTRITION OF NEW SPECIES OF THRAUSTOCHYTRIUM

Goldstein, Solomon. (Brooklyn Coll., Brooklyn, N.Y.) Development and nutrition of new species of Thraustochytrium. Amer. Jcur. Bot. 50(3): 271-279. Illus. 1963.—The life cycles of 2 lower Phycomycetes in sea-water-pollen culture are described and compared with variations observed in nutrient media. Some ecological implications are discussed. Both fungi are obligately marine and stenohaline. Maximal growth occurred with 2.5 and 3.0% NaCl not replaceable by KCl. However, omission of KCL from media resulted in reduced yields. Salinity optima were not temperature-dependent and the organisms grew best at 12–25 C. Neither organism assimilated nitrogen in the form of KN0₃ or (NH₄)₂SO₄. Optimal harvests were obtained with glutamate as the source of nitrogen and with carbon supplied as glucose, maltose, soluble starch, or cellobiose.     

蜘蛛的饲养与管理

简明介绍室内饲养蜘蛛的方法和应注意的问题,包括饲养器具,食物及生活史观察等。     

NUTRITION OF CHYTRIOMYCES AND ITS INFLUENCE ON MORPHOLOGY

The nutrition and its influence on some morphological characteristics of one isolate of Chytriomyces aureus Karling and two isolates of C. hyalinus Karling, one with and one without resting bodies, was studied. All three isolates required exogenous thiamine for optimum growth. Glucose, fructose, mannose, maltose, cellobiose, and starch supported good or moderate amounts of growth of all the isolates. Galactose, arabinose, xylose, ribose, sucrose, lactose, and raffinose supported little or only trace amounts of growth of C. hyalinus, with resting bodies, but failed to produce any growth of C. aureus and C. hyalinus, without resting bodies. All isolates utilized ammonium [NH₄NO₃, (NH₄)₂SO₄, NH₄Cl] as nitrogen sources but were unable to utilize nitrate (KNO₃) and nitrite (KNO₂). All isolates were able to grow at pH ranges of 5–8; the optimum pH range was 6.5. Both isolates of C. hyalinus were able to grow at a temperature of 10–30 C, whereas C. aureus did not grow below 15 C or above 25 C. Sporangial size was influenced by varying temperature levels, pH ranges, vitamins, carbohydrates, and nitrogen sources, while the morphology and sizes of zoospores, lipoid globules, apophyses, and rhizoids were little affected. The similarity of response exhibited by both species of Chytriomyces to various nutrients may suggest that these are closely related taxa.