CHARACTERIZATION OF POLLEN ANTIGENS FROM AMBROSIA L. (COMPOSITAE) AND RELATED TAXA BY IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS AND RADIAL IMMUNODIFFUSION

The pollen antigens of various Ambrosia and related species were studied to learn whether substances closely related to antigen E (the major allergen of Ambrosia artemisiifolia) were present. After conventional immunoelectrophoresis, pollen extracts from six Ambrosia species each produced at least one pronounced precipitin line with antiserum for purified antigen E. Electrophoretic mobility was the same for several species (A. artemisiifolia, A. bidentata, A. psilostachya, and A. trifida) but was relatively lower for A. acanthicarpa and A. ambrosioides. Precipitin rings were also produced when pollen extracts of the various Ambrosia species were subjected to radial immunodiffusion in agarose which contained antiserum for purified antigen E. There was great variation among the Ambrosia species with respect to precipitin ring diameters. The variation may be due to differences among species in content of the antigen E-like substances or to altered interaction with the immobilized antibody. Crossed (2-dimensional) immunoelectrophoresis was shown to be useful for characterizing Ambrosia pollen antigens. Pollen extracts from A. artemisiifolia produced eight pronounced precipitin bands and at least eight faint, relatively fast-moving bands after crossed immunoelectrophoresis with antiserum against a whole pollen extract from the same species. One of the pronounced bands contained antigen E.     

CYTOGENETIC STUDIES OF SOME HYPOCHOERIS SPECIES (COMPOSITAE) FROM BRAZIL

Karyotypes of nine Brazilian taxa of genus Hypochoeris were studied utilizing root-tip mitotic metaphases. Two distinct groups were found. One group includes six species that showed high asymmetric bimodal karyotypes, while the second group has two species that have a karyotype similar to those observed in European species. All the species have karyotypes with 2n = 8 that are very uniform within each group, with only small morphological differences. Nucleolar organizing region and C-band patterns are shown for H. brasiliensis.     

INFRASPECIFIC VARIATION OF SESQUITERPENE LACTONES IN AMBROSIA PSILOSTACHYA (COMPOSITAE)

The distribution of fifteen sesquiterpene lactones in sixty-two populations of Ambrosia psilostachya ranging from Canada to Mexico, and cytological observations for seven populations are reported. Chemical data for four Mexican populations of A. cumanensis Kunth are presented. The origin of chemically unique populations of A. psilostachya which occur on the islands and peninsulas that line the Texas Gulf coast are discussed with respect to the chemical, morphological and cytological data.     

几种含笑属(木兰科)植物的花粉形态

含笑属 ( Michelia) 4种花粉光镜下形态相似。SEM下观察 ,黄兰 ( M.champaca)和金叶含笑 ( M.foveolata)表面雕纹为小穿孔 ,苦梓含笑 ( M.balansae)为小穴 ,野含笑 ( M.skinner-iana)为细皱纹 ,较粗糙。 TEM下观察 ,4种花粉外壁均可分为覆盖层、柱状层和基层。其中黄兰的柱状层结构较原始 ,金叶含笑的较进化。花粉形态在一定程度上可反映类群的系统演化。     

几种含笑属(木兰科)植物的花粉形态

含笑属（Ｍｉｃｈｅｌｉａ）４种花粉光镜下形态相似。ＳＥＭ下观察,黄兰（Ｍ．ｃｈａｍｐａｃａ）和金叶含笑（Ｍ．ｆｏｖｅｏｌａｔａ）表面雕纹为小穿孔,苦梓含笑（Ｍ．ｂａｌａｎｓａｅ）为小穴,野含笑（Ｍ．ｓｋｉｎｎｅｒ－ｉａｎａ）为细皱纹,较粗糙。ＴＥＮ下观察,４种花粉外壁均可分为覆盖层、柱状层和基层。其中黄兰的柱状层结构较原始,金叶含笑的较进化。花粉形态在一定程度上可反映类群的系统演化。     

第四纪地层中常见的菊科植物花粉及其起源与分布

文中描述近年来在不同地区第四纪地层中发现的20多种类型菊科植物花粉形态特征,主要有3大类型:外壁具刺型、外壁内部具基柱型和大网胞型。并对它们的植物亲缘关系进行分类探讨。这些类型的化石花粉的植物关系都可归属到相应的现代菊科植物的族或属。据记载,早始新世古地中海至美国西北部亚热带略干旱温暖环境中出现的菊科祖先,可能是菊科植物的起源中心。根据现代植物属(或族)的相关资料,文中讨论了主要类型花粉的起源或分布。绝大多数类型分布于欧亚大陆及北美,在亚洲主要集中于喜马拉雅山及中国西南部。     

国产孔颖草属四新种

多年生,具下伸的短根茎;秆丛生,基部膝曲或倾斜,高40-60厘米,具多节,节上密生下向或铺散的长柔毛。叶鞘松弛裹茎,除鞘口具长柔毛外,其余无毛;叶舌膜质,长约2毫米,先端钝圆或略截形,撕裂状;叶片线形,粉绿色,长8-15厘米,宽5-7毫米,两面疏生疣基细毛,有时背面可无毛。     

中国蝗虫四新种(直翅目:蝗总科)

在整理广西和甘肃地区的蝗虫标本时,发现有蝗虫四新种,现报道如下。模式标本保存于陕西师范大学生物系。 大明山板突蝗Tauchira damingshana新种(图1一10) 雄性体中型,匀称。颜面倾斜与头顶成锐角形,颜面隆起狭,侧缘近平行,具中纵沟;颜面侧隆线直。头顶狭三角形,突出,宽略大于长,具中隆线,在复眼前缘处具深横沟;眼间距为触角基节宽的2倍。触角细长,丝状,到达后足股节基部,中段一节的长为宽的2.8倍。复眼长卵形,复眼纵径为横径的1.4倍,而为眼下沟长度的1.9倍。前胸背板前缘弧     

中国羽爪瘿螨亚科四新种记述(蜱螨亚纲,羽爪瘿螨科)

记述羽爪瘿螨亚科Diptilomiopinae 4新种：树参羽爪瘿螨Diptilomiopus dendropanacis sp.nov.,长毛柃羽爪瘿螨Diptilomiopus euryae sp.nov.,华南桦双羽爪瘿螨Diptacus betulae sp.nov.和大明山双羽爪瘿螨Diptacus damingshanensis sp.nov.。     

中国瘿螨科四新种记述（蜱螨亚纲：瘿螨总科）

本文记述瘿科４新种：生瘿螨亚科Ｃｅｃｉｄｏｐｈｙｉｎａｅ的竹生瘿螨Ｃｅｃｉｄｏｐｈｙｅｓ ｂａｍｂｕｓａｅ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。瘿螨亚科Ｅｒｏｐｈｙｉｎａｅ的龙眼瘿螨Ｅｒｉｏｐｈｙｅｓ ｄｉｍｏｃａｒ ｐｉ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。鲁迅瘤瘿螨Ａｅｒｉａ ｌｕｘｕｎｉ,ｓｐ。ｎｏｖ。和竹刺子瘿螨Ａｃｕｌｏｄｅｓ ｂａｍｂｕｓａｅ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。模式标本保存在南京农业大学植物保护系。     

中国斑织蛾属四新种记述(鳞翅目,织蛾科)

记述中国斑织蛾属Ripeacma Moriuti,Saito et Lewvanich 4新种.梯斑织蛾Ripeacma trapezialis sp.nov.采自贵州梵净山,与疣斑织蛾Ripeacma verruculosa Wang et Li 外表相似,可通过外生殖器特征区别:新种雄性颚形突的侧臂短于腹板,抱器腹背缘无突起,囊形突略呈三角形;雌性交配孔两侧呈齿轮状突出,囊突具小齿.杯斑织蛾Ripeacma cotyliformis sp.nov.采自湖北五峰,与秦岭斑织蛾Ripeacma qinlingensis Wang et Zheng外部特征近似,可通过雄性外生殖器特征加以区别:新种爪形突小三角形,颚形突前缘生出一杯状突起,抱器腹明显具端突,阳茎基环略呈矩形.毛斑织蛾Ripeacma setosa sp.nov.采自贵州梵净山,与Ripeacma yaiensis Moriuti,Saito et Lewvanich相似,但其雄性爪形突短三角形,颚形突不呈带状,抱器腹端突具稠密的刚毛,可与后者区别.茎裂斑织蛾Ripeacma bilobata sp.nov.采自贵州梵净山和湖南桑植,可通过以下特征与该属所有已知种区别:前翅前缘基部及中部偏外各有一个大三角形黑斑延伸至翅中部,雄性颚形突呈"X"状;雌性生殖板强烈骨化.该文同时首次报道了角斑织蛾Ripeacma trigonia Wang et Li的雌性个体.文中提供了新种的成虫及外生殖器特征图.模式标本保存在南开大学生物系.     

中国叶刺瘿螨亚科四新种记述(蜱螨亚纲:瘿螨总科)

文内新种为樱花刺皮瘿螨Ａｃｕｌｏｐｓ ｙｉｎｇｈｕａｅ Ｋｕａｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。,西宁刺皮瘿螨Ａｃｕｌｏｐｓ ｘｉｎｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ Ｋｕａｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,湟中刺瘿螨Ａｃｕｌｕｓ ｈｕａｎｇｚｈｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ Ｋｕａｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和白英叶刺瘿螨Ｐｈｙｌｌｏｃｏｐｔｅｓ ｓｏｌａｎｉ Ｋｕａｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

中国小石蛾属四新种记述(毛翅目,小石蛾科)

记述小石蛾属Hydroptila 的4新种,双钩小石蛾H.biuncialis Zhou et Yang,sp.nov.(江西),细角小石蛾H.leptocera Zhou et Yang,sp.nov.(江西,广西),内刺小石蛾H.introspinata Zhou et Sun,sp.nov.(黑龙江)和长板小石蛾H.longitabularis Zhou et Yang,sp.nov.(广西);编写了我国小石蛾属分种检索表.模式标本保存于南京农业大学昆虫标本馆.     

云南蚜茧蜂科四新种(膜翅目)

云南蚜茧蜂科四新种（膜翅目）董大志,王云珍（中国科学院昆明动物研究所昆明６５０２２３）本文报道云南蚜茧蜂科四新种。模式标本保存在中国科学院昆明动物研究所。１莲全脉蚜茧蜂ＥｐｈｅｄｒｕｓｎｅｌｕｍｂｕｓＤｏｎｇｅｔＷａｎｇ,新种（图１～４）雌性：体长１...     

中国真片叶蜂属(膜翅目,叶蜂科)四新种

记述采自中国河南的真片叶蜂属4新种:短室真片叶蜂Eutomostethus brevicellus Wei et Niu,sp.nov.,狭突真片叶蜂Eutomostethus lineituberculus Wei et Niu,sp.nov.,白腹真片叶蜂Eutomostethus albiventralinus Wei et Niu,sp.nov.和假亮真片叶蜂Eutomostethus pseudometallicus Wei et Niu,sp.nov..新种模式标本保存于湖南长沙中南林业科技大学昆虫模式标本室.     

中国线角水虻属四新种(双翅目,水虻科)

记述线角水虻属4新种,即离斑线角水虻N. dissitus sp.nov.,黄颜线角水虻N.faciflavus sp.nov.,黄腹线角水虻N.ventiflavus sp.nov.和新疆线角水虻N.xinjianganus sp.nov,.模式标本保存在中国农业大学昆虫博物馆.     

广西蚱科四新种记述(直翅目：蚱总科)

本文记述采自广西状族自治区大青山及大瑶山地区蚱科昆虫４新种,即龙州蚱Ｔｅｔｒｉｘｌｏｎｇｚｈｏｕｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．、广西拟台蚱Ｆｏｒｍｏｓａｔｅｔｔｉｘｏｉｄｅｓ ｇｕａｎｇｘｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．、黑胫真长背蚱Ｅｕｐａｒａｔｅｔｔｉｘ ｎｉｇｒｉｔｉｂｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及长翅拟真长背蚱Ｅｕｐａｒａｔｅｔｔｉｘｏｉｄｅｓ ｌｏｎｇｉｐｅｎｎｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。