POLLEN MORPHOLOGY IN NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF TRILLIUM

The pollen morphology and tapetal membranes of 17 species of Trillium from North America have been examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The pollen grains of the genus are consistently spherical and inaperturate. The exine is unstratified and ultra-thin. Five types of exine structure are recognized, namely, echinate-, corrugate-, granulate-, verrucate- and spinulate-type, based on the variations in the components of the exine. The granulate-type is the most common and is divided into six subtypes. The features of tapetal membranes also vary in relation with the variation of the exine structures. This study demonstrates the potential of palynological evidence in assessment of taxonomic relationships within the genus.     

KARYOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THREE SPECIES OF SCYTOSIPHONACEAE (PHAEOPHYTA) FROM COASTAL NORTH CAROLINA1

Chromosome numbers for three species of Scytosiphonaceae from the warm temperate coast of North Carolina are presented. Petalonia fascia (O. F. Mueller) Kuntze, P. zosterifolia (Reinke) Kuntze, and Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngbye) C. Agardh were all found to have twenty-two chromosomes in both macro- and microthallus stages. The uniformity of chromosome numbers and morphology for all three taxa suggest a close genetic relationship and possible common ancestry. Evidence of synchronous mitotic divisions is presented for the first time in the Phaeophyta. Both field collected and culture material of P. fascia and P. zosterifolia exhibited a 2–4 h post-sunset peak in nuclear divisions. In actively growing macrothalli, up to 8% of the observed cells were found in some stage of mitosis. Data suggest that mitosis and the entire sequence of cytokinesis require approximately 2 h.     

鳑鮍亚科鱼类鳃部寄生的四种三代虫的记述

据文献记载 ,有关我国三代虫 (Ｇｙｒｏｄａｃｔｙｌｉｎａｅ)的研究始于 1 948年[1],迄今为止 ,已报道三代虫 42种[1—3]。作者在整理、鉴定三代虫标本时发现 ,寄生于两种鳃部的四种三代虫在我国均未见报道 ,其中有两新种 ,现记述如下。量度均以毫米为单位。模式标本保存在中国科学院水生生物研究所鱼病学研究室。1　东湖三代虫 ,新种Ｇｙｒｏｄａｃｔｙｌｕｓｄｏｎｇｈｕｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ .ｎｏｖ .(图 1 )宿主与寄生部位 :中华ＲｈｏｄｅｕｓｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＧ櫣ｎｔｈｅｒ的鳃。图 1　东湖三代虫Ｇ .ｄｏｎｇｈｕｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ…     

四川西部秽蝇族四新种(双翅目:蝇科)

报道四川秽蝇亚科Coenosiinae秽蝇族Coenosiini新种：短指秽蝇,新种Coenosiabrachyodactylasp．nov．;虎爪溜芒蝇,新种Cariceaungulitiorissp．nov．;后侧叶溜芒蝇,新种Lariceapostifoliferasp.nov.;寒溜芒蝇,新种Cariceafrigidasp．nov。模式标本存沈阳师范学院昆虫研究所。     

VAUCHERIAE OF NORTH CAROLINA. I. MARINE AND BRACKISH WATER SPECIES1

Marine Vaucheriae of North Carolina were investigated in the field and in culture for 4 years. Of the 11 species collected, 4 are new records for North Carolina and 2 are previously unreported species. A new section is established, Acrandrae, to contain Vaucheria acrandra sp. nov. and Vaucheria adela sp. nov. The diagnostic character of the new section is the production of androphores directly from the terminal portion of the main filament rather than from a special cell produced laterally on the filament as in the section Androphorae.     

中国蟹蛛科蜘蛛4新种记述（蜘蛛目）

记述蟹蛛科蜘蛛4新种:勐腊峭腹蛛Tmarus menglae sp.nov.、滇微蟹蛛Lysilelesdiamicus sp.nov.、昆明微蟹蛛Lysileles kunming ensis sp.nov.和湖北花蛛Misumenops hubeiensis sp.nov.     

中国产光萼苔科四种植物的核型研究

报道了中国产光萼苔科四种植物配子体有丝分裂中期的染色体数目和核型,四种植物的染色体数目均为n=8。核型为：细光萼苔陕西变种(P．gracillima vat．urogea)k(n)=8=8m或k(n)=8=4v 4(v);毛缘光萼苔(P．vernicosa)k(n)=8=5m 3sm或k(n)=8=6v 2J;密叶光萼苔(P．densifolia)k(n)=8=8m或k(n)=8=5v 3(v);多瓣苔(Macvicaria ulophylla)k(n)=8=6m 2sm或k(n)=8=6v 1(v) 1J．     

丹江口水库鱼类寄生粘孢子虫四新种

1986年4月中、下旬,我们调查了丹江口水库鱼类寄生虫。经研究鉴定,发现寄生于鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、(歺又鱼)条(Hemiculter leucisculus)黑鳍(鱼泉)(sarco-cheilichthys nigripinnis)、长蛇(鱼句)(saurogobio dumerili)的粘孢子虫中有4种是新种,现描述于后。文中所用量度的单位为微米(μm)。模式标本存放在中国科学院水生生物研究所三室。     

原端齿鲨在中国的发现

原端齿鲨 (Protacrodus) 以往只见于德国和美国的上泥盆统中,这次从苏北油田钻孔岩样中发现的一枚牙齿具有该属之主要形态特征,经比较,确定其为—新种——Protacrodus orientalis sp. nov. 此新种在齿冠各齿头的嵴突数、齿冠的高宽比以及齿根表面血管神经通孔的排列形式等方面均有别于欧美的已定种.     

FERTILE CONIFEROPHYTE REMAINS FROM THE LATE TRIASSIC DEEP RIVER BASIN,NORTH CAROLINA

Seed cones (Compsostrobus neotericus gen. et sp. nov.), pollen cones, and vegetative remains of coniferophytes occur in Upper Triassic rocks of the Deep River Basin (Pekin Formation) of Central North Carolina. Seed cones have spatulate ovuliferous scales, each with two ovules and subtended by an elongated bract with an attenuate tip. Cuticle of seed cones resembles that of leaves on vegetative axes. Slender leaves are borne along two sides of the axis. Pollen cones have helically arranged microsporophylls, each with two abaxial sporangia bearing pollen grains of the Alisporites type. Seed cones, pollen cones, and vegetative remains suggest a coniferophyte very modern in aspect.     

中国南方四种跳蛛（蛛形纲：蜘蛛目）

本文记述采自我国云南、湖南两省的４种跳蛛。其中有两个新种：双屏八氏跳蛛Ｙａｇｉｎｕｍａｅｌｌａ ｂｉｌａｇｕｎｃｕｌａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和南岳八氏跳蛛Ｙａｇｉｎｕｍａｅｌｌａ ｎａｎｙｕｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;２个新记录种是：直管胶跳蛛Ｇｅｌｏｔｉａ ｓｙｒｉｎｇｏｐａｌｐｉｓ Ｗａｎｌｅｓｓ,１９８４和山地八氏跳蛛Ｙａｇｉｎｕｍａｅｌｌａｍｏｎｔａｎａ Ｚａｂｋａ,１９８１。胶跳蛛属Ｇｅｌｏｔ     

4种蔷薇属植物叶片黄酮含量的季节性变化

采用ＨＰＬＣ法对刺梨（Ｒｏｓａ ｒｏｘｂｕｒｇｈｉｉ Ｔｒａｔｔ．）等４种蔷薇属植物在不同生长季节叶片的总黄酮甙含量和甙元配比进行了分析测定。结果表明,不同采摘期的华西蔷薇（Ｒ．ｍｏｙｅｓｉｉ Ｈｅｍｓｌ．ｅｔ Ｗｉｌｓ．）绣球蔷薇（Ｒ．ｇｉｏｍｅｒａｔａ Ｒｅｈｄ．ｅ Ｗｉｌｓ．）和峨嵋蔷薇（Ｒ．ｏｍｅｉｅｎｓｉｓ Ｒｏｌｆｅ）的叶片总黄酮甙含量有较大的差异,一般在展叶期黄酮含量较低,随后叶片黄     

GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THE WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN AQUATIC GASTROPOD GENUS TAYLORCONCHA AND DESCRIPTION OF A SECOND SPECIES

The Bliss Rapids Snail (Taylorconcha serpenticola) is a threatenedspecies that ranges along a short reach of the middle SnakeRiver in southern Idaho. Additional Taylorconcha populationsof uncertain taxonomic status have recently been discoveredin other portions of the Snake River basin (Owyhee River, lowerSnake River). We investigated the phylogenetic relationshipsand population structure of these snails, together with twooutgroups, using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of mitochondrialDNA and the first internal transcribed spacer region betweenthe 18S and 5.8S ribosomal DNA. These data show no sharing ofhaplotypes or genotypes among T. serpenticola and the Owyhee-LowerSnake populations, with both depicted as monophyletic unitswithin the Taylorconcha clade. Both of these datasets and morphologicalevidence suggest that the Owyhee-Lower Snake populations area distinct species, which we describe herein (T. insperata newspecies). Application of an available COI molecular clock suggeststhat Taylorconcha arose in the late Miocene, when ancestralSnake River drainage was impounded in an extensive lacustrinesystem (‘Lake Idaho’) in western Idaho. The shallowpopulation structuring of T. insperata suggests that the lowerSnake River was only recently colonized subsequent to incisionof Hells Canyon, draining of Lake Idaho, and development ofa through-going river in the late Neogene. The absence of significantgenetic structure in T. serpenticola, which is attributed tothe unstable course and flow regime of the middle Snake Riverduring the Quaternary, suggests that this species can be treatedas a single management unit. (Received 14 July 2005; accepted 23 September 2005)     

中国角石蛾属四新种描述(毛翅目,角石蛾科)

记述了角石蛾科角石蛾属4新种,分别为采自广西的田林角石蛾Stenopsyche tianlinensis sp.nov.,叠尾角石蛾Stenopsyche bistratosa sp.nov.,贵州的鹿肢角石蛾Stenopsyche cervaria sp.nov.和采自陕西的细弯角石蛾Stenopsyche sinuolata sp.nov..模式标本保存于南京农业大学昆虫标本馆.